2,262 research outputs found
CP Violation and Arrows of Time Evolution of a Neutral or Meson from an Incoherent to a Coherent State
We study the evolution of a neutral meson prepared as an incoherent equal
mixture of and . Denoting the density matrix by \rho(t) =
{1/2} N(t) [\1 + \vec{\zeta}(t) \cdot \vec{\sigma} ] , the norm of the state
is found to decrease monotonically from one to zero, while the magnitude
of the Stokes vector increases monotonically from zero to
one. This property qualifies these observables as arrows of time. Requiring
monotonic behaviour of for arbitrary values of and
yields a bound on the CP-violating overlap , which is similar to, but weaker than, the known unitarity
bound. A similar requirement on yields a new bound,
which is particularly effective in limiting
the CP-violating overlap in the - system. We obtain the Stokes
parameter which shows how the average strangeness of the beam
evolves from zero to . The evolution of the Stokes vector from
to has a resemblance to an order
parameter of a system undergoing spontaneous symmetry breaking.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures. Inserted conon "." in title; minor change in
text. To appear in Physical review
Quasi-static Normal Indentation of a Circular Disk Shaped Miniature Specimen by Rigid Hemispherical-headed Punches
The influence of diameter of rigid hemispherical-headed punches on a circular disk shaped miniature specimen of medium carbon steel has been investigated, in the small punch test. A 3-D finite-element model carried out the computation of the elastic-plastic solution ofdifferent hemispherical rigid punches. The three hemispherical-headed punches were designed and developed to conduct the miniature test. The small. punch test"was conducted on a circular shaped disk (l0.0 mm diameter, 0.5 mm thick), clamped around the periphery and deformed by central load applied by rigid hemispherical indenter. The ABAQUS finite-element software has been used to determine the load vs punch-displacement curves, von-Mises stresses, equivalent plastic strain, contact pressure, logarithmic stresses, load-till failure and full-field displacement in the model have been computed. The finite-element model was validated by comparing with the experimental data for load vs displacement curves. The effect of punch diameter on load vs displacement was observed experimentally as well as by finite-element method. The computational results compared reasonably well with the experimental results
Physicochemical Studies of La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III) & Gd(III) Chelates of o-(2-Pyrrolideneimino)benzoic Acid & 3-(2-pyrrolideneimino)propionic Acid
1104-110
Nano-lactoferrin in diagnostic, imaging and targeted delivery for cancer and infectious diseases
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural occurring iron binding protein present in many mammalian excretions and involved in various physiological processes. Lf is used in the transport of iron along with other molecules and ions from the digestive system. However its the modulatory functions exhibited by Lf in connection to immune response, disease regression and diagnosis that has made this protein an attractive therapeutic against chronic diseases. Further, the exciting potentials of employing nanotechnology in advancing drug delivery systems, active disease targeting and prognosis have also shown some encouraging outcomes. This review focuses on the role of Lf in diagnosing infection, cancer, neurological and inflammatory diseases and the recent nanotechnology based strategies
Presentation and intervention in missing Copper T Thread in reference to timing of insertion
Background: To analyse the impact of time of insertion of Copper T to presentation and intervention for management of missing Cu-T thread.Methods: After approval of the study by research and institutional Ethics Committee, present study was carried out partly prospectively on patients presenting with missing Cu T thread. Retrospective data was also collected from minor OT or admission records for those admitted for removal of IUCD and duly completed telephonically. Proportion of women with missing Cu T thread were calculated in percentages. Correlation between different groups couldn’t be calculated because of major difference in number of subjects in groups. Data was analysed with regard to relation to timing of insertion, presentation, complications, number and kind of interventions for its removal.Results: Among 57 women, 30 had post LSCS CuT insertion, 6 had post NVD, 20 had interval CuT insertion, 1 had post abortal insertion. Misplaced CuT was detected in 8 women on USG, 4 (50%) had post LSCS, 3 (37.5%) post NVD and 1 (12.5%) had interval CuT insertion. OPD removal could be attempted successfully in 30 women; 11 (36.67%) post LSCS, 2 (33.33%) post NVD, 16 (80%) interval and 1 (100%) post abortion insertion. OT removal was needed in 23 women; 17 (56.67%) post LSCS, 2 (33.33%) post NVD, 4 (20%) interval CuT insertion. Spontaneous expulsion diagnosed in 4, 2 post LSCS and 2 post NVD CuT insertion.Conclusions: There is definite impact of timing of Cu T insertion on incidence of misplacement and expulsion and more data and studies are needed for developing a common information performa to develop SOPs for follow up of such patients
Lamin A/C Haploinsufficiency Modulates the Differentiation Potential of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
BACKGROUND:
Lamins are structural proteins that are the major determinants of nuclear architecture and play important roles in various nuclear functions including gene regulation and cell differentiation. Mutations in the human lamin A gene cause a spectrum of genetic diseases that affect specific tissues. Most available mouse models for laminopathies recapitulate disease symptoms for muscle diseases and progerias. However, loss of human lamin A/C also has highly deleterious effects on fetal development. Hence it is important to understand the impact of lamin A/C expression levels on embryonic differentiation pathways.
METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:
We have investigated the differentiation potential of mouse embryonic stem cells containing reduced levels of lamin A/C by detailed lineage analysis of embryoid bodies derived from these cells by culture. We initially carried out a targeted disruption of one allele of the mouse lamin A/C gene (). Undifferentiated wild-type and embryonic stem cells showed similar expression of pluripotency markers and cell cycle profiles. Upon spontaneous differentiation into embryoid bodies, markers for visceral endoderm such as α-fetoprotein were highly upregulated in haploinsufficient cells. However, neuronal markers such as β-III tubulin and nestin were downregulated. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in the commitment of cells into the myogenic lineage, but no discernible effects on cardiac, adipocyte or osteocyte lineages. In the next series of experiments, we derived embryonic stem cell clones expressing lamin A/C short hairpin RNA and examined their differentiation potential. These cells expressed pluripotency markers and, upon differentiation, the expression of lineage-specific markers was altered as observed with embryonic stem cells.
CONCLUSIONS:
We have observed significant effects on embryonic stem cell differentiation to visceral endoderm, neuronal and myogenic lineages upon depletion of lamin A/C. Hence our results implicate lamin A/C level as an important determinant of lineage-specific differentiation during embryonic development
Lamin A/C haploinsufficiency modulates the differentiation potential of mouse embryonic stem cells
Background: Lamins are structural proteins that are the major determinants of nuclear architecture and play important roles in various nuclear functions including gene regulation and cell differentiation. Mutations in the human lamin A gene cause a spectrum of genetic diseases that affect specific tissues. Most available mouse models for laminopathies recapitulate disease symptoms for muscle diseases and progerias. However, loss of human lamin A/C also has highly deleterious effects on fetal development. Hence it is important to understand the impact of lamin A/C expression levels on embryonic differentiation pathways.
Methodology and Principal Findings: We have investigated the differentiation potential of mouse embryonic stem cells containing reduced levels of lamin A/C by detailed lineage analysis of embryoid bodies derived from these cells by in vitro culture. We initially carried out a targeted disruption of one allele of the mouse lamin A/C gene (Lmna). Undifferentiated wild-type and Lmna+/− embryonic stem cells showed similar expression of pluripotency markers and cell cycle profiles. Upon spontaneous differentiation into embryoid bodies, markers for visceral endoderm such as α-fetoprotein were highly upregulated in haploinsufficient cells. However, neuronal markers such as β-III tubulin and nestin were downregulated. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in the commitment of Lmna+/− cells into the myogenic lineage, but no discernible effects on cardiac, adipocyte or osteocyte lineages. In the next series of experiments, we derived embryonic stem cell clones expressing lamin A/C short hairpin RNA and examined their differentiation potential. These cells expressed pluripotency markers and, upon differentiation, the expression of lineage-specific markers was altered as observed with Lmna+/− embryonic stem cells.
Conclusions: We have observed significant effects on embryonic stem cell differentiation to visceral endoderm, neuronal and myogenic lineages upon depletion of lamin A/C. Hence our results implicate lamin A/C level as an important determinant of lineage-specific differentiation during embryonic development
Background measurements and detector response studies for ISMRAN experiment
We report the measurement of the non-reactor environmental backgrounds and
the detector response with the Indian Scintillator Matrix for Reactor
Anti-Neutrinos (ISMRAN), which is 1 ton detector setup by volume,
consisting of 109 (10 rows and 9 columns) Plastic Scintillator Bars
(PSBs) array at BARC, Mumbai, India. ISMRAN is an above-ground anti-neutrino
() experiment at very short baseline located at
Dhruva research reactor facility. It is enclosed by a shielding made of 10 cm
thick lead and 10 cm thick borated polyethylene to minimize the backgrounds and
is mounted on a movable base structure, situated at 13 m away from the
reactor core. These measurements are useful in the context of the ISMRAN
detector setup that will be used to detect the reactor
and measure its energy spectrum through the inverse
beta decay (IBD) process. In this paper, we present the energy resolution model
and energy non-linearity model of PSB and the cosmogenic muon-induced
background, based on the sum of their energy depositions and number of hit
bars. Reconstructed sum energy spectrum and number of hit bars distribution for
radioactive source has been compared with Geant4 based
Monte Carlo simulations. These experimentally measured results will be useful
for discriminating the correlated and uncorrelated background events from the
true IBD events in reactor ON and OFF conditions inside the reactor hall.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:2208.0349
Z decays into light gluinos: a calculation based on unitarity
The Z boson can decay to a pair of light gluinos through loop-mediated
processes. Based on unitarity of the S-matrix, the imaginary part of the decay
amplitude is computed in the presence of a light bottom squark. This imaginary
part can provide useful information on the full amplitude. Implications are
discussed for a recently proposed light gluino and light bottom squark
scenario.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
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