Clinical outcomes and optical performance of four differentmultifocal intraocular lenses

Background/aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical outcomes and optical performance of 4 different multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). Materials and methods: Ninety eyes of 51 patients who received Reviol MFM 611, Reviol MFM 625, Acri.LISA, and ReSTOR SN6AD3 multifocal IOLs after cataract surgery were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were similar in terms of age, sex, cataract hardness and axial length. The mean outcome measures were uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA, CDVA), distance-corrected intermediate and near visual acuity (DCIVA, DCNVA), intra or postoperative complications, and contrast sensitivity (CS) results under mesopic conditions. The mean follow up period was 10.5 months (range: 6 12 months). Results: All cases were within ± 0.75 D of emmetropia. Postoperative increase in UDVA and DCNVA was statistically significant in all groups. The Acri.LISA group showed slightly lower DCIVA compared with the other IOLs. CS was clinically similar between the groups. None of the patients developed any early or late postoperative complication or neuroadaptation problem, which necessitated explantation of the lens. Conclusion: All four multifocal lens designs provided satisfactory visual functions and CS results in patients who fulfilled the criteria for multifocal lens implantation

Evaluation of nutritional status in pediatric intensive care unit patients: the results of a multicenter, prospective study in Turkey

IntroductionMalnutrition is defined as a pathological condition arising from deficient or imbalanced intake of nutritional elements. Factors such as increasing metabolic demands during the disease course in the hospitalized patients and inadequate calorie intake increase the risk of malnutrition. The aim of the present study is to evaluate nutritional status of patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) in Turkey, examine the effect of nutrition on the treatment process and draw attention to the need for regulating nutritional support of patients while continuing existing therapies.Material and MethodIn this prospective multicenter study, the data was collected over a period of one month from PICUs participating in the PICU Nutrition Study Group in Turkey. Anthropometric data of the patients, calorie intake, 90-day mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay and length of stay in intensive care unit were recorded and the relationship between these parameters was examined.ResultsOf the 614 patients included in the study, malnutrition was detected in 45.4% of the patients. Enteral feeding was initiated in 40.6% (n = 249) of the patients at day one upon admission to the intensive care unit. In the first 48 h, 86.82% (n = 533) of the patients achieved the target calorie intake, and 81.65% (n = 307) of the 376 patients remaining in the intensive care unit achieved the target calorie intake at the end of one week. The risk of mortality decreased with increasing upper mid-arm circumference and triceps skin fold thickness Z-score (OR = 0.871/0.894; p = 0.027/0.024). The risk of mortality was 2.723 times higher in patients who did not achieve the target calorie intake at first 48 h (p = 0.006) and the risk was 3.829 times higher in patients who did not achieve the target calorie intake at the end of one week (p = 0.001). The risk of mortality decreased with increasing triceps skin fold thickness Z-score (OR = 0.894; p = 0.024).ConclusionTimely and appropriate nutritional support in critically ill patients favorably affects the clinical course. The results of the present study suggest that mortality rate is higher in patients who fail to achieve the target calorie intake at first 48 h and day seven of admission to the intensive care unit. The risk of mortality decreases with increasing triceps skin fold thickness Z-score

Federico Fellini kadrajlarında resimsel kurgu

İtalyan yönetmen Federico Fellini ülkesindeki Yeni Gerçekçilik (Realismo Nuovo) isimli sinema akımının bir parçası olarak sinema hayatına başlamıştır. Fakat Yeni Gerçekçilerin ideolojisinden zamanla kopmuş, gerçekçi filmler yerine düş dünyasını anlatan filmler çekmiştir. Bu filmler tıpkı bir düş gibi hikaye yapısı parçalanmış, birbiriyle alakasız gibi görünen görsel bölümlerden oluşmaktadır. Bu nedenle Fellini filmleri görsel anlamda tıpkı iki boyutlu bir resimde olduğu gibi incelenmektedir. Çalışmada, Fellini filmlerinde çerçeve içine düşen resimler değerlendirilmekte; bu resimlerin içeriksel, renksel, kompozisyonel düzenlemeleri göz önüne alınarak incelenmektedir. “Federico Fellini Kadrajlarında Resimsel Kurgu”, filmlerinde görselliği ön plana çıkan bir yönetmenin sinema ve sanat dünyasına verdiği özgün çalışmaları açıklamayı ve göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. SUMMARY The Italian film director, Federico Fellini began his early career in filmmaking as a member of the Italian New Realism (Realismo Nuovo). But in time he left the ideology of the New Realists; and instead of making realist films, he started making films of pure fanstasy. These films are in fragments, like a dream they’re composed of visual episodes that share no link amongst each other. Therefore Fellini’s films are analyzed just like two dimensional pictures through visual terms. In this study, pictures that fell onto typical Fellini film frames are being analyzed; and their thematic, chromatic and compositional arrangements are also being evaluated. “Pictorial Composition in Federico Fellini Frames”, does have the intention of studying a film director who considers the visual side of his films as the most important element of the whole structure, and the original works he had provided for the world of cinema and arts

Bulanık mantık yaklaşımı ile yönetici yetkinliklerinin ölçülmesi = Measuring executive competencies by fuzzy logic approach

Yetkinlik, istenilen performansa ve başarıya ulaşabilmek için kişide olması gereken bilgi, kişilik özellikleri, duygusal ve sosyal özelliklerin bütünü olarak bireyin gözlemlenebilir ve ölçümlenebilir davranışların açığa çıkmasının altında yatan unsurdur

Velilerin özel okul tercih nedenlerinin incelenmesi (İstanbul örneği)

Bu araştırmada velilerin özel okul tercih nedenleri araştırılmıştır. T ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the reasons of parents’ private school preferences

Velilerin özel okul tercih nedenlerinin incelenmesi (İstanbul örneği)

ÖZETBu araştırmada velilerin özel okul tercih nedenleri araştırılmıştır. TABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to investigate the reasons of parents’ private school preferences

Evaluation of Tear Function Tests and Lower Tear Meniscus Height in Keratoconus Patients

Pur po se: To assess the tear function tests and the lower tear meniscus height (LTMH) in keratoconus patients and to evaluate the relationship of these parameters with the progression of keratoconus. Ma te ri al and Met hod: Thirty-eight eyes (group 1) of 21 keratoconus patients and 36 eyes (group 2) of 18 healthy subjects were included in this prospective study. Both groups underwent corneal topographic and keratometric measurements, tear break-up time (T-BUT) and Schirmer tests as well as measurement of the LTMH with anterior segment optic coherence tomography (OCT) after the ophthalmologic examination. The values obtained from both groups were compared and evaluated for statistical significance and reliability. Re sults: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender (p>0.05). The mean Schirmer test values were 14.87±8.9 mm and 16.77±8.1 mm in group 1 and group 2, respectively (p=0.367). There was not any correlation between the keratometric power and the Schirmer test in group 1 and group 2 (group 1: r=0.114, p=0.548, group 2: r=0.151, p=0.972). The mean TBUT value was 12.83±7.3 sec in group 1, and 18.25±8.5 sec in group 2 (p=0.018). There was a negative correlation between keratometric power and TBUT in group 1, while there was no correlation in group 2 (group 1: r=0.717, p=0.001, group 2: r=0.235, p=0.212). The mean LTMH was 265.30±112 µm in group 1 and 313.29±167 µm in group 2 (p=0.151). There was no correlation between keratometric power and LTMH in both groups (group 1: r=0.001, p=0.997, group 2: r=0.318, p=0.130). Dis cus si on: In this study, it was shown that keratoconus patients have normal tear volume but reduced tear film stability compared to healthy individuals and this reduction is relate to the progression of keratoconus. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2012; 42: 249-52

The Relationship between variability in measured hba1c values and survival in diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment

Hemodiyaliz hastalarının yaklaşık üçte birini oluşturan diyabetik grupta sağkalım diyabetik olmayanlara kıyasla daha kısadır. Diyabetik hastalarda glukoz ve HbA1c değişkenliğinin artmasının, sağkalımı olumsuz yönde etkilediği gözlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda hemodiyaliz yapılan diyabetik hastalarda HbA1c ölçümlerindeki değişkenlik ile sağkalım arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Çalışmamızda Ocak 2006 ile Aralık 2014 tarihleri arasında en az bir yıl süreyle merkezimizde hemodiyaliz yapılmış ve en az dört adet HbA1c ölçümü olan diyabetik böbrek yetmezliği hastaları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Her hasta için değişkenlik ölçütü olarak hemodiyaliz yapıldığı süreçte ölçülen HbA1c, hemoglobin ve glukoz ölçümlerinin standart sapma (SD) ve varyasyon katsayısı (CV) kullanıldı. Çalışmaya dahil edilen 38 hastanın (21E, 17K) yaş ortalaması 62,1±11,86 (24-81) yıl ve ortalama sağkalım süresi 67,4±40,6 ay olup 20’si (%52,6) hayatını kaybetmişti. Hastalarda ortalama hemoglobin 10,8±1,0 mg/dl, glukoz 87±68 mg/dl ve HbA1c %7,1±1,4’tü. Değişkenlik en fazla glukozda (%31,7) sonra HbA1c’de (%12,4) ve en az hemoglobindeydi (%10,6). Cox regresyon analizinde sağkalım süresiyle yaş, kronik böbrek hastalığı süresi, ortalama hemoglobin ve HBA1c ilişkili bulundu (p=0,036, p=0,001, p=0,001, p=0,001, sırasıyla). Hastaların HbA1c, glukoz ve hemoglobin ölçümleri için hesaplanan SD ve CV değerleriyle sağkalım süreleri arasında ilişki saptanmadı (p>0,05, her biri için). Hastalar HbA1c’ye göre iki gruba ayırıldı (Grup 1: 0.05, for all). The patients were divided into two groups according to HbA1c values (Group 1:<8.5% and group 2:≥8.5%). and a statistically significant difference was found between the groups by Kaplan-Meier method (p=0.021). We found that the increased HbA1c and decreased hemoglobin values in diabetic hemodialysis patients are associated with an increased risk of mortality, but HbA1c variability is not associated with survival unlike diabetic patients with normal renal function