Irradiando salud

Los seres humanos siempre han convivido en un ambiente que incluye exposición a los distintos tipos de radiaciones. Radiación es laacción y efecto de irradiar, se trata de la energía ondulatoria o de las partículas materiales que se propagan a través del espacio. Las personas están expuestas a las radiaciones naturales a diario, provenientes de muchas fuentes, como los más de 60 materiales radiactivos naturales presentes en el suelo, el agua y el aire. Identificamos la importancia de difundir esta temática en nuestra comunidad de Lisandro Olmos debido a que por un lado ellos se encuentra expuestos a radiaciones naturales y nosotros, como profesionales de la salud, debemos protegerlos de las radiaciones ionizantes previo a la toma radiográfica.Categoría: Trabajos de extensión.Facultad de Odontologí

Irradiando salud

Los seres humanos siempre han convivido en un ambiente que incluye exposición a los distintos tipos de radiaciones. Radiación es laacción y efecto de irradiar, se trata de la energía ondulatoria o de las partículas materiales que se propagan a través del espacio. Las personas están expuestas a las radiaciones naturales a diario, provenientes de muchas fuentes, como los más de 60 materiales radiactivos naturales presentes en el suelo, el agua y el aire. Identificamos la importancia de difundir esta temática en nuestra comunidad de Lisandro Olmos debido a que por un lado ellos se encuentra expuestos a radiaciones naturales y nosotros, como profesionales de la salud, debemos protegerlos de las radiaciones ionizantes previo a la toma radiográfica.Categoría: Trabajos de extensión.Facultad de Odontologí

Con la cabeza protegida

El ser humano ha existido siempre en un ambiente que incluye exposición a las radiaciones ionizantes. Siempre debe protegerse a la comunidad sin tener en cuenta si se trabaja con dosis altas o bajas, ya que ambas, pueden producir alteraciones. Creemos necesaria la difusión de esta problemática, en las comunidades de Lisandro Olmos, Barrio El Carmen y Villa Elvira (La Plata) por lo cual creamos grupos de trabajo donde se realizaron charlas informativas, talleres de prevención, también se proyectaron videos y finalmente se realizo una autoevaluación con la finalidad de disminuir el porcentaje de enfermedades causadas por la exposición a radiaciones.Categoría: Trabajos de extensión.Facultad de Odontologí

Con la cabeza protegida

El ser humano ha existido siempre en un ambiente que incluye exposición a las radiaciones ionizantes. Siempre debe protegerse a la comunidad sin tener en cuenta si se trabaja con dosis altas o bajas, ya que ambas, pueden producir alteraciones. Creemos necesaria la difusión de esta problemática, en las comunidades de Lisandro Olmos, Barrio El Carmen y Villa Elvira (La Plata) por lo cual creamos grupos de trabajo donde se realizaron charlas informativas, talleres de prevención, también se proyectaron videos y finalmente se realizo una autoevaluación con la finalidad de disminuir el porcentaje de enfermedades causadas por la exposición a radiaciones.Categoría: Trabajos de extensión.Facultad de Odontologí

A case-control study of the HER2 Ile655Val polymorphism in relation to risk of invasive breast cancer

BACKGROUND: Overexpression of the HER2 proto-oncogene in human cancer cells has been associated with a poor prognosis, and survival improves with therapy targeting the HER2 gene. Animal studies and protein modeling suggest that the Ile655Val polymorphism located in the transmembrane domain of the HER2 protein might influence breast cancer development by altering the efficiency of homodimerization. METHODS: To investigate this genetic polymorphism, incident cases of invasive breast cancer (N = 1,094) and population controls of a similar age (N = 976) were interviewed during 2001 to 2003 regarding their risk factors for breast cancer. By using DNA collected from buccal samples mailed by the participants, the HER2 Ile655Val polymorphism was evaluated with the Applied Biosystems allelic discrimination assay. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated by logistic regression adjusted for numerous breast cancer risk factors. Analysis was restricted to women with self-reported European descent. RESULTS: Prevalence of the Val/Val genotype was 5.6% in cases and 7.1% in controls. In comparison with the Ile/Ile genotype, the Ile/Val genotype was not significantly associated with breast cancer risk (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.18), whereas the Val/Val genotype was associated with a reduced risk (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.92). This inverse association seemed strongest in older women (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.89 for women aged more than 55 years), women without a family history of breast cancer (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.84), postmenopausal women with greater body mass index (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.91 for a body mass index of 25.3 kg/m(2 )or more), and cases diagnosed with non-localized breast cancer (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.90). CONCLUSION: Although results from our population-based case-control study show an inverse association between the HER2 Ile655Val polymorphism and risk of invasive breast cancer, most other studies of this single-nucleotide polymorphism suggest an overall null association. Any further study of this polymorphism should involve sample populations with complete risk factor information and sufficient power to evaluate gene-environment interactions between the HER2 polymorphism and factors such as age and family history of breast cancer

Current and novel therapeutic opportunities for systemic therapy in biliary cancer

none24Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a group of rare and aggressive malignancies that arise in the biliary tree within and outside the liver. Beyond surgical resection, which is beneficial for only a small proportion of patients, current strategies for treating patients with BTCs include chemotherapy, as a single agent or combination regimens, in the adjuvant and palliative setting. Increased characterisation of the molecular landscape of these tumours has facilitated the identification of molecular vulnerabilities, such as IDH mutations and FGFR fusions, that can be exploited for the treatment of BTC patients. Beyond targeted therapies, active research avenues explore the development of novel therapeutics that target the crosstalk between cancer and stroma, the cellular pathways involved in the regulation of cell death, the chemoresistance phenotype and the dysregulation of RNA. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic opportunities currently available in the management of BTC patients, and explore the strategies that can support the implementation of precision oncology in BTCs, including novel molecular targets, liquid biopsies and patient-derived predictive tools.openMarin J.J.G.; Prete M.G.; Lamarca A.; Tavolari S.; Landa-Magdalena A.; Brandi G.; Segatto O.; Vogel A.; Macias R.I.R.; Rodrigues P.M.; Casta A.L.; Mertens J.; Rodrigues C.M.P.; Fernandez-Barrena M.G.; Da Silva Ruivo A.; Marzioni M.; Mentrasti G.; Acedo P.; Munoz-Garrido P.; Cardinale V.; Banales J.M.; Valle J.W.; Bridgewater J.; Braconi C.Marin, J. J. G.; Prete, M. G.; Lamarca, A.; Tavolari, S.; Landa-Magdalena, A.; Brandi, G.; Segatto, O.; Vogel, A.; Macias, R. I. R.; Rodrigues, P. M.; Casta, A. L.; Mertens, J.; Rodrigues, C. M. P.; Fernandez-Barrena, M. G.; Da Silva Ruivo, A.; Marzioni, M.; Mentrasti, G.; Acedo, P.; Munoz-Garrido, P.; Cardinale, V.; Banales, J. M.; Valle, J. W.; Bridgewater, J.; Braconi, C

p66 Shc and tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc in primary breast tumors identify patients likely to relapse despite tamoxifen therapy

INTRODUCTION: Shc adapter proteins are secondary messenger proteins involved in various cellular pathways, including those mediating receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and apoptosis in response to stress. We have previously reported that high levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated Shc (PY-Shc) and low levels of its inhibitory p66 Shc isoform are strongly prognostic for identifying both early node-negative and more advanced, node-positive, primary breast cancers with high risk for recurrence. Because aberrant activation of tyrosine kinases upstream of Shc signaling proteins has been implicated in resistance to tamoxifen – the most widely prescribed drug for treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer – we hypothesized that Shc isoforms may identify patients at increased risk of relapsing despite tamoxifen treatment. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analyses of PY-Shc and p66 Shc were performed on archival primary breast cancer tumors from a population-based cohort (60 patients, 9 relapses) and, for validation, an independent external cohort (31 patients, 13 relapses) in which all patients received tamoxifen as a sole systemic adjuvant prior to relapse. RESULTS: By univariate and multivariate analyses, the Shc proteins were very strong and independent predictors of treatment failure in both the population-based cohort (interquartile hazard ratio = 8.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8 to 38, P = 0.007) and the validating cohort (interquartile relative risk = 12.1, 95% CI 1.7 to 86, P = 0.013). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the levels of PY-Shc and p66 Shc proteins in primary tumors identify patients at high risk for relapsing despite treatment with tamoxifen and therefore with further validation may be useful in guiding clinicians to select alternative adjuvant treatment strategies