Synthesis, characterization and application of ion imprinted poly(vinylimidazole) for zinc ion extraction/preconcentration with faas determination

In this paper, we describe the synthesis of an ion imprinted polymer (IIP) by homogeneous polymerization and its use in solid-phase to extract and preconcentrate zinc ions. Under optimal conditions (pH 5.0, preconcentration flow rate of 12.0 mL min-1, and eluted with 1.0 mol L-1 HNO3) this procedure allows the determination of zinc with an enrichment factor of 10.2, and with limits of detection and quantification of 1.5 and 5.0 µg L-1, respectively. The accuracy of our results was confirmed by analysis of tap water and certified reference materials: NIST 1570a (Spinach leaves) and NIST 1515 (Apple leaves)371636

Kinetic Investigation of Thermal Formation Processes of SiOC Glasses Derived from C-Containing Hybrid Polymeric Networks

In this study, hybrid polymeric networks were prepared by hydrosilylation reaction as precursors to silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) glass. The polymeric networks were prepared from poly(methylsiloxane) (PMS) and divinylbenzene (DVB) in the 80:20 and 20:80 (PMS/DVB) compositions, with or without activated charcoal (AC), which was used as additional carbon source. Following, polymeric precursors were pyrolysed at 1000 °C, under Ar atmosphere, resulting in SiOC glasses. The effectiveness of the hydrosilylation reaction was evaluated by infrared spectroscopy. The degradation reactions and activation energy (Ea) obtained during polymer-to-glass conversion were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis applying Ozawa method for the determination of the Ea. In addition, the influence of the matrix composition and the presence of the C in both degradation processes and structure of the final products were reported. SiOC glasses were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Raman and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies

Evaluation And Comparison Of Microvessel Density Using The Markers Cd34 And Cd105 In Regenerative Nodules, Dysplastic Nodules And Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Purpose: The progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is multifactorial and angiogenesis plays a fundamental role, mainly because HCC is a highly vascularized tumor. Methods: In this study, we determined microvessel density (MVD) using the immunohistochemical markers, CD34 and CD105 (Endoglin), in 44 hepatectomy specimens, encompassing 44 malignant nodules (HCC), 44 regenerative nodules (RN), and 15 dysplastic nodules (DN). The evaluation included the determination of MVD in all nodules. For statistical analysis, a descriptive analysis was carried out using measurements of position and dispersion for continuous variables; ANOVA was used to compare between groups, considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: We observed a significant difference when comparing CD34 and CD105 immunoexpression in HCC, DN, and RN. CD105 was predominantly expressed in the peripheral regions in HCC, with mean MVD scores of 6.2 ± 4.1 and 10.7 ± 4.4 at the center and periphery of the nodules, respectively, with significant differences between groups (p < 0.0001). CD34 had higher mean MVD scores than CD105 in HCC, with a more uniform positivity pattern. CD105 immunoexpression in DN exhibited a pattern similar to HCC. However, in RN, CD105 exhibited a higher MVD score in the central portion of the nodules. CD105 was expressed in a subset of newly formed microvessels in HCC and demonstrated an elevated mean MVD in cirrhotic or regenerative nodules. Conclusions: MVD determined by CD34 and CD105 expression may be used as an additional parameter to distinguish benign from malignant liver nodules. © 2014 Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver.82260265Tsukuma, H., Hiyama, T., Tanaka, S., Nakao, M., Yabuuchi, T., Kitamura, T., Nakanishi, K., Kawashima, T., Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic liver disease (1993) New England Journal of Medicine, 328 (25), pp. 1797-1801. , DOI 10.1056/NEJM199306243282501El-Serag, H.B., Rudolph, K.L., Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Epidemiology and Molecular Carcinogenesis (2007) Gastroenterology, 132 (7), pp. 2557-2576. , DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.04.061, PII S0016508507007998Theise, N.D., Park, Y.N., Curado, M.P., Hepatocellular carcinoma (2010) WHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System, pp. 205-216. , Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH, Theise ND, editors. Lyon: IARC PressTheise, N.D., Park, Y.N., Kojiro, M., Dysplastic nodules and hepatocarcinogenesis (2002) Clinics in Liver Disease, 6 (2), pp. 497-512. , DOI 10.1016/S1089-3261(02)00006-5, PII S1089326102000065Villanueva, A., Newell, P., Chiang, D.Y., Friedman, S.L., Llovet, J.M., Genomics and signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma (2007) Semin Liver Dis, 27 (1), pp. 55-76Pang, R.W., Joh, J.W., Johnson, P.J., Monden, M., Pawlik, T.M., Poon, R.T., Biology of hepatocellular carcinoma (2008) Ann Surg Oncol, 15 (4), pp. 962-971Hytiroglou, P., Morphological Changes of Early Human Hepatocarcinogenesis (2004) Seminars in Liver Disease, 24 (1), pp. 65-75. , DOI 10.1055/s-2004-823097Park, Y.N., Yang, C.-P., Fernandez, G.J., Cubukcu, O., Thung, S.N., Theise, N.D., Neoangiogenesis and sinusoidal 'capillarization' in dysplastic nodules of the liver (1998) American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 22 (6), pp. 656-662. , DOI 10.1097/00000478-199806000-00002Semela, D., Dufour, J.-F., Angiogenesis and hepatocellular carcinoma (2004) Journal of Hepatology, 41 (5), pp. 864-880. , DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2004.09.006, PII S0168827804003940Deli, G., Jin, C.-H., Mu, R., Yang, S., Liang, Y., Chen, D., Makuuchi, M., Immunohistochemical assessment of angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma and surrounding cirrhotic liver tissues (2005) World Journal of Gastroenterology, 11 (7), pp. 960-963Terminology of nodular hepatocellular lesions (1995) Hepatology, 22 (3), pp. 983-993. , International Working PartyHytiroglou, P., Park, Y.N., Krinsky, G., Theise, N.D., Hepatic Precancerous Lesions and Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2007) Gastroenterology Clinics of North America, 36 (4), pp. 867-887. , DOI 10.1016/j.gtc.2007.08.010, PII S0889855307000817, Pathology and Clinical Relevance of Neoplastic Precursor Lesions of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreaticobiliary SystemPathologic diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma: A report of the international consensus group for hepatocellular neoplasia (2009) Hepatology, 49 (2), pp. 658-664. , International Consensus Group for Hepatocellular NeoplasiaRoncalli, M., Borzio, M., Di Tommaso, L., Hepatocellular dysplastic nodules (2008) Ann Ital Chir, 79 (2), pp. 81-89Sakamoto, M., Effendi, K., Masugi, Y., Molecular diagnosis of multistage hepatocarcinogenesis (2010) Jpn J Clin Oncol, 40 (9), pp. 891-896Shiraha, H., Yamamoto, K., Namba, M., Human hepatocyte carcinogenesis (2013) Int J Oncol, 42 (4), pp. 1133-1138. , reviewFolkman, J., Tumor angiogenesis: Therapeutic implications (1971) N Engl J Med, 285 (21), pp. 1182-1186Folkman, J., Tumor angiogenesis (1985) Adv Cancer Res, 43, pp. 175-203Folkman, J., Shing, Y., Angiogenesis (1992) J Biol Chem, 267 (16), pp. 10931-10934Frachon, S., Gouysse, G., Dumortier, J., Couvelard, A., Nejjari, M., Mion, F., Berger, F., Scoazec, J.-Y., Endothelial cell marker expression in dysplastic lesions of the liver: An immunohistochemical study (2001) Journal of Hepatology, 34 (6), pp. 850-857. , DOI 10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00049-6, PII S0168827801000496Di, C.I., Fraggetta, F., Lombardo, R., Azzarello, G., Vasquez, E., Puleo, S., CD 34 expression in chronic and neoplastic liver diseases (2002) Panminerva Medica, 44 (4), pp. 365-367Yang, L., Lu, W., Huang, G., Wang, W., Correlation between CD105 expression and postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (2006) BMC Cancer, 6, p. 110Nakamura, T., Changes in expression of bile canalicular CD10 and sinusoidal CD105 (endoglina) in peri-tumoral hepatic tissue (2009) Tumori, 95 (4), pp. 495-500Wang, Y., Zhang, X.H., Guo, P., Yan, L.N., He, D., Tumor microvascular density detected by anti-CD105 and anti-CD34 in hepatocellular carcinoma patients and its predictive value of tumor recurrence after liver transplantation (2010) Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, 41 (5), pp. 818-882Ho, J.W., Poon, R.T., Sun, C.K., Xue, W.-C., Fan, S.-T., Clinicopathological and prognostic implications of endoglin (CD105) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and its adjacent non-tumorous liver (2005) World Journal of Gastroenterology, 11 (2), pp. 176-181Yu, D., Zhuang, L., Sun, X., Chen, J., Yao, Y., Meng, K., Particular distribution and expression pattern of endoglin (CD105) in the liver of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (2007) BMC Cancer, 7, p. 122Wang, Z.S., Wu, L.Q., Yi, X., Geng, C., Li, Y.J., Yao, R.Y., Connexin-43 can delay early recurrence and metastasis in patients with hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma and low serum alpha-feto-protein after radical hepatectomy (2013) BMC Cancer, 13 (1), p. 30

Evaluation and comparison of microvessel density using the markers CD34 and CD105 in regenerative nodules, dysplastic nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma

The progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is multifactorial and angiogenesis plays a fundamental role, mainly because HCC is a highly vascularized tumor. In this study, we determined microvessel density (MVD) using the immunohistochemical markers, CD34 and CD105 (Endoglin), in 44 hepatectomy specimens, encompassing 44 malignant nodules (HCC), 44 regenerative nodules (RN), and 15 dysplastic nodules (DN). The evaluation included the determination of MVD in all nodules. For statistical analysis, a descriptive analysis was carried out using measurements of position and dispersion for continuous variables; ANOVA was used to compare between groups, considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant. We observed a significant difference when comparing CD34 and CD105 immunoexpression in HCC, DN, and RN. CD105 was predominantly expressed in the peripheral regions in HCC, with mean MVD scores of 6.2 +/- A 4.1 and 10.7 +/- A 4.4 at the center and periphery of the nodules, respectively, with significant differences between groups (p < 0.0001). CD34 had higher mean MVD scores than CD105 in HCC, with a more uniform positivity pattern. CD105 immunoexpression in DN exhibited a pattern similar to HCC. However, in RN, CD105 exhibited a higher MVD score in the central portion of the nodules. CD105 was expressed in a subset of newly formed microvessels in HCC and demonstrated an elevated mean MVD in cirrhotic or regenerative nodules. MVD determined by CD34 and CD105 expression may be used as an additional parameter to distinguish benign from malignant liver nodules.8226026

Undifferentiated (embryonal) Sarcoma Of The Liver: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature [sarcoma Indiferenciado (embrionário) Do Fígado: Relato De Caso E Revisão Da Literatura]

Embryonal (undifferentiated) sarcoma is a primitive and unusual malignant neoplasm of the liver that occurs mainly in children between 6 and 10 years of age. The aim of this case report is to describe one case of this neoplasm, emphasizing clinical and anatomopathological findings as well as review the literature about the theme.436455457BEGUERET, H., Hepatic undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma: Malignant evolution of mesenchymal hamartoma? Study of one case with immunohistochemical and flow cytometric emphasis (2001) J Hepatol, 34 (1), pp. 178-179BISOGNO, G., Undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver in childhood: A curable disease (2002) Cancer, 94 (1), pp. 252-257BOVE, K.E., BLOUGH, R.I., SOUKUP, S., Third report of t(19q) (13.4) in mesenchymal hamartoma of liver with comments on link to embryonal sarcoma (1998) Pediatr Dev Pathol, 1, pp. 438-442DAI, C.L., Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of liver in adult: A case report (2005) World J Gastroenterol, 11 (6), pp. 926-929DIEDHIOU, A., Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver in an adult: A case report (2002) Ann Pathol, 22 (2), pp. 134-136HAMILTON, S.R., Pathology & Genetics - Tumours of the digestive system (2000) World Health Organization Classification of Tumours, pp. 194-195. , HAMILTON, S.R, AALTONEN, L.A, eds, Lyon: IARC PressHUNG, T.Y., LU, D., LIU, M.C., Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver complicated with rupture in a child (2007) J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 29 (1), pp. 63-65JOSHI, S.W., MERCHANT, N.H., JAMBHEKAR, N.A., Primary multilocular cystic undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver in childhood resembling hydatid cyst of the liver (1997) Br J Radiol, 70, pp. 314-316LACK, E.E., Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: Clinical and pathologic study of 16 cases with emphasis on immunohistochemical features (1991) Am J Surg Pathol, 15 (1), pp. 1-16LAUWERS, G.Y., Hepatic undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma arising in a mesenchymal hamartoma (1997) Am J Surg Pathol, 21 (10), pp. 1248-1254LEPREUX, S., Mutation of TP53 gene is involved in carcinogenesis of hepatic undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the adult, in contrast with Wnt or telomerase pathways: An immunohistochemical study of three cases with genomic relation in two cases (2005) J Hepatol, 42 (3), pp. 424-429MOON, W.K., Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver: US and CT findings (1994) Pediatr Radiol, 24 (7), pp. 500-503NETO, S.A.A., SOUZA, A.S., Sarcoma embrionário indiferenciado do fígado: Relato de caso. (2001) Radiol Bras, 34 (5), pp. 305-308NISHIO, J., Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver in middle-aged adults: Smooth muscle differentiation determined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy (2003) Hum Pathol, 34 (3), pp. 246-252O'SULLIVAN, M.J., Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma with unusual features arising within mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver: Report of a case and review of the literature (2001) Pediatr Dev Pathol, 4 (5), pp. 482-489PARHAM, D.M., Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural spedtrum of hepatic sarcomas of childhood: Evidence for a common histogenesis (1991) Mod Pathol, 4 (5), pp. 648-653ROS, P.R., Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver: Radiologic-pathologic correlation (1986) Radiology, 161 (1), pp. 141-145SHAH, S.R., Cystic variant of embryonal sarcoma of liver (2002) Indian J Gastroenterol, 21 (1), pp. 35-36SOWERY, R.D., Comparative genomic hybridization detects multiple chromosomal amplifications and deletions in undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (2001) Cancer Genet Cytogenet, 126 (2), pp. 128-133STOCKER, J.T., ISHAK, K.G., Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver (1978) Cancer, 42, pp. 336-348STRINGER, M.D., ALIZAI, N.K., Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver: A systematic review (2005) J Pediatr Surg, 40 (11), pp. 1681-1690UCHIYAMA, M., Treatment of ruptured undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver in children: A report of two cases and review of the literature (2001) J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg, 8 (1), pp. 87-91URBAN, C.E., Undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver in childhood: Successful combined-modality therapy in four patients (1993) Cancer, 72 (8), pp. 2511-2516WEBBER, E.M., Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver: Results of clinical management in one center (1999) J Pediatr Surg, 34 (11), pp. 1641-164

Porous Ceramic Materials From Polysiloxane-Clay Composites

This study describes the structural, porosity and morphological changes of porous polymer-derived ceramics obtained by pyrolysis of polysiloxane-clay composites, containing a pore former based on poly(dimethylsiloxane) and nickel acetate as nanostructure inductor. The composites were blended in a steel mold, thermally treated at 950 °C and 1500 °C (inert atmosphere). The increase of the temperature together with the presence of Ni resulted in more crystalline and porous ceramics and a higher ordering process of Cfree phase in the Ni-containing sample. The ceramics revealed a wide pore size distribution, from micro to macropores. At 950 °C the ceramic revealed the presence of pores and Ni- and C-rich islands dispersed on the fracture surface. However, at 1500 °C, nanowires with large aspect ratio, constituted by Si, C and O elements were generated. Thus, the presence of Ni associated to higher pores amount gave rise to an appropriate environment for the nucleation and growth of SiCO nanowires

Performance of avocado seed activated carbon as adsorbent for highly sensitive determination of cd using a flow injection system online coupled to TS-FF-AAS

A flow-injection preconcentration system using detection by the thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (FIA-TS-FF-AAS) is proposed. Cd2+ are adsorbed on avocado seed activated carbon (ASAC) packed into a cylindrical mini-column and eluted using HCl solutions for the detection system. A 2(5) - 1 fractional factorial and Doehlert matrix design were employed to determine the optimum conditions for cadmium preconcentration (pH 7.68, buffer concentration (Tris/Tris-HCl) of 0.023 mol L-1, eluent concentration (HCl) of 2.0 mol L-1, the adsorbent mass of 100.0 mg and preconcentration flow rate of 4.8 mL min(-1)). The preconcentration method presents linearity within the range of 0.41-15.00 mu g L-1, limits of quantification and detection of 0.41 and 0.12 mu g L-1, respectively, preconcentration factor of 10.7, consumption of index of 0.93 mL and sample throughput of 26 h(-1). The precision assessed as the relative standard deviation (RSD) were found to be 0.48, 0.90 and 2.30% for inter-day precision (n = 2), and 0.30, 0.44 and 2.48% for intra-day precision (n = 6) for respective cadmium concentration of 0.50, 5.00 and 15.00 mu g L-1. The proposed method was applied satisfactorily in samples of cigarette (62.84 +/- 11.28 mu g kg(-1)), human hair (69.61 +/- 2.38 mu g kg(-1)) and water samples [lake (0.65 +/- 0.01 mu g L-1), tap and mineral]311100108CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO ARAUCÁRIA DE APOIO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ - FAFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP481669/2013-2; 305552/2013-9; 307432/2017-3; 465389/2014-7Pro-Forenses 3353/2014; 23038.007082/2014-03163/20142014/50867-

Morphology of the vas deferens in an ethanol-drinking strain of rats (UChA and UChB)

Chronic alcoholism alters reproduction and therefore may be responsible for alterations of vas deferens, which are the subject of this analysis in UCh ethanol-drinking rats. The proximal and distal segments of the vas deferens of 20 animals were submitted to macroscopic, light microscopy, electron microscopy and morphometric analysis. The UCh rats showed atrophy of the epithelium of the vas deferens and alterations of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Ethanol induces changes in the epithelium of the vas deferens and hypothalamus-pituitary axis of UCh rats