Differential Subordination And Superordination For Analytic And Meromorphic Functions Defined By Linear Operators [QA331. N219 2007 f rb].

Suatu fungsi f yang tertakrif pada cakera unit terbuka U dalam satah kompleks C disebut univalen jika fungsi tersebut memetakan titik berlainan dalam U ke titik berlainan dalam C. A function f defined on the open unit disk U of the complex plane C is univalent if it maps different points of U to different points of C

Studies on the seasonal incidence of sugarcane internode borer, Chilo saccariphagus indicus (kapur) in Tamil Nadu, India

Internode borer (INB), Chilo saccariphagus indicus (Kapur) (Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae) is an important pest on sugarcane which inflicts yield loss of about than 45 per cent. Pest surveillance and forecasting is one of the important prerequisite tools in managing such pests. Hence, an attempt was made to study the seasonal incidence of the INB during 2007 and 2008 at Nellikuppam, Tamil Nadu, India. The study revealed that the peak incidence of INB was observed during June-July, which declined thereafter. Higher temperature and deficit or failure of rainfall during March –May are considered as the favourable factors for the rise in the incidence of INB

Sufficient conditions for Janowski starlikeness

. These results are then applied to obtain sufficient conditions for analytic functions to be Janowski starlike

Sufficient Conditions for Janowski Starlikeness

Let A,B,D,E∈[−1,1] and let p(z) be an analytic function defined on the open unit disk, p(0)=1. Conditions on A, B, D, and E are determined so that 1+βzp'(z) being subordinated to (1+Dz)/(1+Ez) implies that p(z) is subordinated to (1+Az)/(1+Bz). Similar results are obtained by considering the expressions 1+β(zp'(z)/p(z)) and 1+β(zp'(z)/p2(z)). These results are then applied to obtain sufficient conditions for analytic functions to be Janowski starlike

Surface morphology and morphometric analysis of sensilla of Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse): an SEM investigation

Background & objectives: The sensilla and sensory mechanism play a significant role in hostseeking and oviposition behaviour of mosquitoes, which enable them to transmit various diseases to humans. Aedes albopictus (Skuse) has emerged as a major vector of Chikungunya virus in the recent epidemics in most parts of southern India. Studies on the sensory structures of dengue vector, Aedes aegypti (Linn) are comprehensive; whereas information on the sensillary systems of Asian tiger mosquito, Ae. albopictus is inadequate. Therefore, the present study has been carried out to observe various types of sensilla located on the antenna, maxillary palp, labial palp, tarsi and ovipositor of Ae. albopictus using scanning electron microscopy. Methods: The antennae, maxillary palpi, labellum, tarsi and ovipositor of 10 different female mosquito of Ae. albopictus were fixed individually in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution, washed twice and dehydrated with ascending grades of ethanol. Samples were cleared with xylene, air-dried, mounted on stubs, gold coated in an ion-sputtering unit and the sensilla were viewed between 5 and 10 KV using FEI Quanta 400 EDAX scanning electron microscope. ANOVA revealed significant differences in the morphometric features of various sensilla. Results: In the antenna Sensilla trichoidea are numerously distributed in all flagellar segments revealed four distinct subtypes. Two types of grooved peg sensilla were observed. Sensilla coeloconica was observed in the terminal flagellum of antenna and tarsomeres with large variation in diameter. Sensilla chaetica are distributed throughout the body and revealed greater variation in morphology and morphometric parameters. Interpretation & conclusion: The significant difference among various types of sensilla would possibly reveal their functions. The porous sensilla are olfactory and contact chemoreceptors while the aporous sensilla would play the role of mechanoreception. Sensilla coeloconica on the antenna, tarsus showed major differences with Ae. aegypti. The ovipositor sensilla revealed three types of chaetica arranged in rows but has not been reported earlier with other mosquito species

Utilization of Microbial Consortia as Biofertilizers and Biopesticides for the Production of Feasible Agricultural Product

Farmers are now facing a reduction in agricultural crop yield, due to the infertility of soils and poor farming. The application of chemical fertilizers distresses soil fertility and also human health. Inappropriate use of chemical fertilizer leads to the rapid decline in production levels in most parts of the world, and hence requires the necessary standards of good cultivation practice. Biofertilizers and biopesticides have been used in recent years by farmers worldwide to preserve natural soil conditions. Biofertilizer, a replacement for chemical fertilizer, is cost-effective and prevents environmental contamination to the atmosphere, and is a source of renewable energy. In contrast to chemical fertilizers, biofertilizers are cost-effective and a source of renewable energy that preserves long-term soil fertility. The use of biofertilizers is, therefore, inevitable to increase the earth’s productivity. A low-input scheme is feasible to achieve farm sustainability through the use of biological and organic fertilizers. This study investigates the use of microbial inoculants as biofertilizers to increase crop production

Forced egg retention induced by diethyl-phenylacetamide diminishes the fecundity and longevity of dengue vectors

Background & objectives: Oviposition is an important event in the life cycle of mosquito which is a decisive factor for the fate of its progeny. If oviposition is prevented, the life cycle of mosquito is disrupted and the population growth can be reduced. Diethyl-phenylacetamide (DEPA) is an effective topical repellent against various haematophagous insects. The study reports the egg retention effect and subsequent lethal effect of DEPA on the gravid females of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. Methods: DEPA was applied at 1000 mg/l onto water surface in oviposition bowls under no-choice condition. Experiments had three replicates with three control and treated cages separately, containing 100 gravid females of each test mosquito species. Every day freshly treated oviposition bowls were provided to the gravid mosquitoes till the last surviving female of the cohort was dead. On completion of one experimental day (24 h) the number of eggs laid in control and treatment bowls were counted manually to assess the oviposition response and longevity of test mosquito species. Results: DEPA at 1000 mg/l concentration reduced the egg deposition and affected the longevity of gravid females. In the DEPA treated cages >1100 eggs were retained by both the species. In the treated cages, about 50% of Ae. albopictus and 41% of Ae. aegypti females died, retaining eggs in their abdomen. The average life span of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus females in control cages were 43 and 50 days respectively, while the females of both the species exposed to DEPA in treated cages survived for 16-22 days. Interpretation & conclusion: Presence of DEPA odor on water surface forced the gravid Aedes females to retain their eggs, affecting their fecundity and longevity. This indigenously developed topical repellent DEPA may be applied to container′s water that act as breeding grounds for dengue vectors to deter gravid females from oviposition in the vicinity of a household