264 research outputs found
The SEE-IT Trial: emergency medical services Streaming Enabled Evaluation In Trauma: a feasibility randomised controlled trial
© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/BACKGROUND: Use of bystander video livestreaming from scene to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is becoming increasingly common to aid decision making about the resources required. Possible benefits include earlier, more appropriate dispatch and clinical and financial gains, but evidence is sparse. METHODS: A feasibility randomised controlled trial with an embedded process evaluation and exploratory economic evaluation where working shifts during six trial weeks were randomised 1:1 to use video livestreaming during eligible trauma incidents (using GoodSAM Instant-On-Scene) or standard care only. Pre-defined progression criteria were: (1)ââ„â70% callers (bystanders) with smartphones agreeing and able to activate live stream; (2)ââ„â50% requests to activate resulting in footage being viewed; (3) Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) stand-down rate reducing byââ„â10% as a result of live footage; (4) no evidence of psychological harm in callers or staff/dispatchers. Observational sub-studies included (i) an inner-city EMS who routinely use video livestreaming to explore acceptability in a diverse population; and (ii) staff wellbeing in an EMS not using video livestreaming for comparison to the trial site. RESULTS: Sixty-two shifts were randomised, including 240 incidents (132 control; 108 intervention). Livestreaming was successful in 53 incidents in the intervention arm. Patient recruitment (to determine appropriateness of dispatch), and caller recruitment (to measure potential harm) were low (58/269, 22% of patients; 4/244, 2% of callers). Two progression criteria were met: (1) 86% of callers with smartphones agreed and were able to activate livestreaming; (2) 85% of requests to activate livestreaming resulted in footage being obtained; and two were indeterminate due to insufficient data: (3) 2/6 (33%) HEMS stand down due to livestreaming; (4) no evidence of psychological harm from survey, observations or interviews, but insufficient survey data from callers or comparison EMS site to be confident. Language barriers and older age were reported in interviews as potential challenges to video livestreaming by dispatchers in the inner-city EMS. CONCLUSIONS: Progression to a definitive RCT is supported by these findings. Bystander video livestreaming from scene is feasible to implement, acceptable to both 999 callers and dispatchers, and may aid dispatch decision-making. Further assessment of unintended consequences, benefits and harm is required. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN 11449333 (22 March 2022). https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11449333.Peer reviewe
Further evidence of the link between activity and metallicity using the flaring properties of stars in the Kepler field
The magnetic activity level of low-mass stars is known to vary as a function
of the physical properties of the star. Many studies have shown that the
stellar mass and rotation are both important parameters that determine magnetic
activity levels. In contrast, the impact of a star's chemical composition on
magnetic activity has received comparatively little attention. Data sets for
traditional activity proxies, e.g. X-ray emission or calcium emission, are not
large enough to search for metallicity trends in a statistically meaningful
way. Recently, studies have used the photometric variability amplitude as a
proxy for magnetic activity to investigate the role of metallicity because it
can be relatively easily measured for large samples of stars. These studies
find that magnetic activity and metallicity are positively correlated. In this
work, we investigate the link between activity and metallicity further by
studying the flaring properties of stars in the Kepler field. Similar to the
photometric variability, we find that flaring activity is stronger in more
metal-rich stars for a fixed mass and rotation period. This result adds to a
growing body of evidence that magnetic field generation is correlated with
metallicity.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Comparative Study between the Overall Production Time of Digitally Versus Conventionally Produced Indirect Orthodontic Bonding Trays
Objective:The purpose of this study was to compare the production time for indirect digitally and laboratory-produced orthodontic bonding trays.Methods:Orthodontic study casts were used in this study (n=40). The specimens were equally and randomly divided. In the digitally produced indirect bonding tray (DIBT) group (n=20), the brackets were set virtually using the Orthoanalyzer program (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) to produce an indirect bonding tray that was virtually designed and 3D printed using VarseoWaxŸ Splint material with a Varseo S 3D printer (Bego, Bremen, Germany). In the laboratory-produced indirect bonding tray (LIBT) group, the brackets were adhesively bonded to the study casts in the dental laboratory (Danube Private University, Krems, Austria), and a transfer bonding silicone tray was manufactured.Results:The t-test results showed a significant difference between the passive time during the production of DIBTs (153.8±32.8 min) and LIBTs (7 min). However, the active production time was 13.6±0.8 min for DIBTs and 17.7±1.9 min for LIBTs. Every individual process step in both groups was measured in minutes, and statistical analysis was performed.Conclusion:The total production time, including active working and passive non-working time, was higher for DIBTs than for LIBTs. However, the actual active production time for DIBTs was shorter than that for LIBTs. Within the study limitations, the digital planning and production of indirect orthodontic trays can be considered a time-efficient production method
Letter to the Editor regarding âUse of both anterograde and retrograde internal mammary vessels in the bipedicled deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for unilateral breast reconstructionâ
Description to be added.Cannot be left empt
The Quantized Sigma Model Has No Continuum Limit in Four Dimensions. II. Lattice Simulation
A lattice formulation of the sigma model is
developed, based on the continuum theory presented in the preceding paper.
Special attention is given to choosing a lattice action (the ``geodesic''
action) that is appropriate for fields having noncompact curved configuration
spaces. A consistent continuum limit of the model exists only if the
renormalized scale constant vanishes for some value of the bare scale
constant~. The geodesic action has a special form that allows direct
access to the small- limit. In this limit half of the degrees of freedom
can be integrated out exactly. The remaining degrees of freedom are those of a
compact model having a -independent action which is noteworthy in being
unbounded from below yet yielding integrable averages. Both the exact action
and the -independent action are used to obtain from Monte
Carlo computations of field-field averages (2-point functions) and
current-current averages. Many consistency cross-checks are performed. It is
found that there is no value of for which vanishes. This
means that as the lattice cutoff is removed the theory becomes that of a pair
of massless free fields. Because these fields have neither the geometry nor the
symmetries of the original model we conclude that the
model has no continuum limit.Comment: 32 pages, 7 postscript figures, UTREL 92-0
With All My Worldly Goods I Thee Endow, or Maybe Not: A Reevaluation of the Uniform Premarital Agreement Act after Three Decades
Magic N=2 supergravities from hyper-free superstrings
We show by explicit construction the existence of various four dimensional
models of type II superstrings with N=2 supersymmetry, purely vector multiplet
spectrum and no hypermultiplets. Among these, two are of special interest, at
the field theory level they correspond to the two exceptional N=2
supergravities of the magic square that have the same massless scalar field
content as pure N=6 supergravity and N=3 supergravity coupled to three extra
vector multiplets. The N=2 model of the magic square that is associated to N=6
supergravity is very peculiar since not only the scalar degrees of freedom but
all the bosonic massless degrees of freedom are the same in both theories.
All presented hyper-free N=2 models are based on asymmetric orbifold
constructions with N=(4,1) world-sheet superconformal symmetry and utilize the
2d fermionic construction techniques. The two exceptional N=2 models of the
magic square are constructed via a "twisting mechanism" that eliminates the
extra gravitini of the N=6 and N=3 extended supergravities and creates at the
same time the extra spin-1/2 fermions and spin-1 gauge bosons which are
necessary to balance the numbers of bosons and fermions. Theories of the magic
square with the same amount of supersymmetry in three and five space-time
dimensions are constructed as well, via stringy reduction and oxidation from
the corresponding four-dimensional models.Comment: 27 page
Quantum Physics and Human Language
Human languages employ constructions that tacitly assume specific properties
of the limited range of phenomena they evolved to describe. These assumed
properties are true features of that limited context, but may not be general or
precise properties of all the physical situations allowed by fundamental
physics. In brief, human languages contain `excess baggage' that must be
qualified, discarded, or otherwise reformed to give a clear account in the
context of fundamental physics of even the everyday phenomena that the
languages evolved to describe. The surest route to clarity is to express the
constructions of human languages in the language of fundamental physical
theory, not the other way around. These ideas are illustrated by an analysis of
the verb `to happen' and the word `reality' in special relativity and the
modern quantum mechanics of closed systems.Comment: Contribution to the festschrift for G.C. Ghirardi on his 70th
Birthday, minor correction
A Super-Oxidized Radical Cationic Icosahedral Boron Cluster
While the icosahedral closo-[BââHââ]ÂČâ» cluster does not display reversible electrochemical behavior, perfunctionalization of this species via substitution of all 12 BâH vertices with alkoxy or benzyloxy (OR) substituents engenders reversible redox chemistry, providing access to clusters in the dianionic, monoanionic, and neutral forms. Here, we evaluated the electrochemical behavior of the electron-rich Bââ(O-3-methylbutyl)ââ (1) cluster and discovered that a new reversible redox event that gives rise to a fourth electronic state is accessible through one-electron oxidation of the neutral species. Chemical oxidation of 1 with [N(2,4-BrâCâHâ)â]·âș afforded the isolable [1]·âș cluster, which is the first example of an open-shell cationic Bââ cluster in which the unpaired electron is proposed to be delocalized throughout the boron cluster core. The oxidation of 1 is also chemically reversible, where treatment of [1]·âș with ferrocene resulted in its reduction back to 1. The identity of [1]·âș is supported by EPR, UVâvis, multinuclear NMR (ÂčH, ÂčÂčB), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic characterization
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