An Air-well sparging minifermenter system for high-throughput protein production.

BackgroundOver the last few years High-Throughput Protein Production (HTPP) has played a crucial role for functional proteomics. High-quality, high yield and fast recombinant protein production are critical for new HTPP technologies. Escherichia coli is usually the expression system of choice in protein production thanks to its fast growth, ease of handling and high yields of protein produced. Even though shake-flask cultures are widely used, there is an increasing need for easy to handle, lab scale, high throughput systems.ResultsIn this article we described a novel minifermenter system suitable for HTPP. The Air-Well minifermenter system is made by a homogeneous air sparging device that includes an air diffusion system, and a stainless steel 96 needle plate integrated with a 96 deep well plate where cultures take place. This system provides aeration to achieve higher optical density growth compared to classical shaking growth without the decrease in pH value and bacterial viability. Moreover the yield of recombinant protein is up to 3-fold higher with a considerable improvement in the amount of full length proteins.ConclusionsHigh throughput production of hundreds of proteins in parallel can be obtained sparging air in a continuous and controlled manner. The system used is modular and can be easily modified and scaled up to meet the demands for HTPP

Fiere ed esposizioni: strategie di produzione dei luoghi

La vita sociale urbana è, da sempre, caratterizzata dagli eventi. Alcuni sono estremamente locali per dimensioni, partecipanti e impatto; altri, si caratterizzano per dimensioni globali dal punto di vista della risonanza, capacità di attrazione, utilizzo di risorse e flussi. I festival, le fiere, i grandi eventi sportivi e le esposizioni rientrano in questa seconda definizione. Questa voce si propone di esaminare in particolare due tipi di eventi: le fiere e le esposizioni. Sebbene diversi per durata, cadenza e pubblico, tuttavia le funzioni sociali ed economiche che svolgono e anche le conseguenze che hanno sul territorio sono per certi versi analoghe. Il passaggio dalla città industriale alla città postindustriale, infatti, ha avuto un ruolo chiave nel far diventare questi eventi una delle strategie da perseguire per la costruzione di una nuova identità, in particolare basata su creatività e cultura, per il riposizionamento delle città nella competizione globale, così come per ripensare tessuti, funzioni e per attrarre investimenti, per la duplice capacità che hanno di stimolare e accelerare processi di rigenerazione urbana e di attrarre l’interesse internazionale, migliorando al contempo anche l’immagine delle città che li ospitano.Urban social life has always been characterized by events. Some are extremely local in size, participants and impact; others are global from the point of view of the resonance, capacity of attraction, use of resources and flows they have. Festivals, fairs, major sporting events and exhibitions fall within this second definition. This entry aims to examine two types of events in particular: fairs and exhibitions. Although they are different in terms of duration, frequency and audience, nevertheless the social and economic functions they perform and also the consequences they have on the territory are in some ways similar. The transition from the industrial city to the post-industrial city, in fact, played a key role in making these events one of the strategies to be pursued for the construction of a new identity, in particular based on creativity and culture, for the repositioning of cities in the global competition, as well as to rethink fabrics, functions and to attract investments, for the dual capacity they have to stimulate and accelerate urban regeneration processes and to attract international interest, while also improving the image of the cities that host them

Epitope mapping of human chromogranin A by peptide microarrays

In this chapter we report on the characterization of linear antigenic sites of human chromogranin A (CgA), a useful tissue and serum marker for neuroendocrine tumours and a precursor of many biologically active peptides. The epitope mapping of CgA has been carried out by peptide microarrays on glass slides coated by a copolymer of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), N,N-acryloyloxysuccinimide (NAS) and [3-(methacryloyl-oxy) propyl] trimethoxysilyl (MAPS). The microarray support provided sufficient accessibility of the ligand, with no need for a spacer, as the polymer chains prevent interaction of immobilized peptides with substrate. In addition, the polymeric surface constitutes an aqueous micro-environment in which, despite peptide random orientation, linear epitopes are freely exposed. The results reported are in accordance with those obtained in conventional ELISA assays using biotinylated and non-biotinylated peptides

Interactive broadband technology network

Final Report D4P4 ACTS CRABS Projec

Interactive broadband technology network

Final Report D4P4 ACTS CRABS Projec