Numerical simulation of flow pattern at a divergent pier in a bend with different relative curvature radii using ansys fluent

In this work, the three-dimensional flow around piers in river meanders under rigid bed conditions was modeled. The software ANSYS FLUENT was used to perform the simulation. The study was carried out in a 180° curve accompanied by cylindrical piers with a diameter of 5 cm and a slope angle of 21° under rigid bed conditions. The results of the comparisons showed that this model can help simulate the flow pattern around inclined bridge piers in bended channels with acceptable accuracy. To analyze the flow pattern, the work was followed by studying the effect of the parameters that affect the physics of the problem: the relative radius of curvature of the curve, the location of the piers within the 180° curve, and the arrangement of the piers relative to the flow direction. The results showed that increasing the relative radius of curvature as well as the range of the bend reduced the tangential velocity values; the minimum tangential velocity value occurred at a relative radius of curvature of 5. With the pier group installed in the direction of flow, the maximum secondary flow power occurred at the 60° position at about 18.8%, while with the pier group installed across the flow, the maximum secondary flow power occurred at the 120° position at 14.2%. A comparison of the vorticity at the perpendicular and downstream positions showed that the vorticity values at the 60° and 120° positions were greater than the corresponding values at the 90° position in both cases

Major dietary patterns and dietary inflammatory index in relation to dyslipidemia using cross-sectional results from the RaNCD cohort study

Abstract Dyslipidemia can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke due to the restriction of blood flow through the blood vessels. Dietary modification is an appropriate approach to reducing this phenomenon. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate major dietary patterns and the dietary inflammatory index (DII) in relation to dyslipidemia. 5954 participants in the Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study were eligible for this study. Dyslipidemia was diagnosed based on the lipid profile under consideration of the RaNCD physician. Dietary patterns were assessed by principal component analysis. The three identified dietary patterns included (1) plant-based pattern; (2) high protein and sugar pattern; and (3) energy-dense dense pattern. DII was also calculated based on the dietary information from a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We found that higher adherence to DII was significantly associated with increased odds of dyslipidemia after adjusting for age, sex, and physical activity (OR: 1.24; CI 95% 1.09–1.42). Additionally, higher adherence to the high protein and sugar diet and an energy-dense diet was significantly associated with higher odds for dyslipidemia (OR: 1.31; CI 95% 1.16–1.49) and (OR: 1.28; CI 95% 1.12–1.46). Nevertheless, according to our results, following plant-based diet had no association with dyslipidemia in both crude and adjusted models. Our findings revealed that greater adherence to DII, a high-protein, high-sugar diet, and an energy-dense diet can have undesirable effects on dyslipidemia

Recent Upgrade of the Magnetic Diagnostic System in the Alvand-U Tokamak

The main acting parameters in tokamak plasma experiments, such as currents and electric and magnetic fields, are present inside and outside the plasma volume. To analyze the changes in the shape of tokamak plasma, it is necessary to use experimental data obtained from magnetic measurements. Until recently, a four-digit magnetic probe (MP) was used for qualitative analysis of the magnetic field, but its accuracy was low, and it could not be practically used as a diagnostic system. Following the Magnetic Confinement Group, Tokamak Laboratories’ approach to optimize and improve the measurement of plasma parameters, the use of a richer array of MPs to accurately measure changes in the magnetic field and identify plasma parameters in the Alvand tokamak was considered. In order to upgrade the magnetic diagnostic system, two MP arrays were designed and manufactured. Each array contains 12 poloidal and radial probes. The MPs of each array were attached to Mylar belts and mounted on the vacuum vessel of the tokamak. In addition, an integrator unit was designed and installed as a magnetic diagnostic subsystem. The conducted research involved the MP and calibration setup followed by preliminary tests of the array probe.</p