VEHICLE SECURING SAFETY ASSESSMENTS OF A KOREAN COASTAL CAR FERRY ACCORDING TO ACCELERATION PREDICTION APPROACHES

The capsize and subsequent sinking of a coastal car ferry occurred along the Korean coast, resulting in hundreds of casualties. The rapid course change of the ship might have forced improperly secured cargoes to rush to one side and accelerated the capsizing event. This paper provides a comparative study of vehicle securing safety assessments composed of evaluations of the external inertia forces and lashing strengths for a car and a truck. The external inertia forces were evaluated based on the IMO CSS (CSS approach) and rule-based maximum motion angles (RULE approach). Being a car ferry as a target ship, the sea states were collected along the most frequent seagoing routes of the target ship. Frequency domain seakeeping analyses (FSA approach) were carried out and then the long-term motion components were derived using the collected sea state data. The long-term motion components were put forward based on time domain seakeeping analyses (TSA approach). The TSA approach estimated the most optimistic external forces, while the CSS approach provided the most conservative external forces. Assuming the vehicles were secured symmetrically with four steel wires, the lashing strengths were derived. More numbers of lashing cables were required for the heavy vehicles when the CSS approach was applied, while other approaches predicted sufficient lashing strengths compared to exerted forces

2,4-Bis(2-methoxy­phenyl)-3-aza­bicyclo­[3.3.1]nonan-9-one

In the title compound, C22H25NO3, the mol­ecule has a pseudo-mirror plane. The structure is a positional isomer of 2,4-bis(4-methoxy­phenyl)-3-aza­bicyclo­[3.3.1]nonan-9-one [Cox, McCabe, Milne & Sim (1985 ▶). J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. pp. 626–628]. The 3-aza­bicyclo­[3.3.1]nonan-9-one moiety adopts a double chair conformation with equatorial orientations of both 2-methoxy­phenyl substituents on either side of the secondary amino group. The benzene rings are oriented at an angle of 33.86 (4)° with respect to each other and the meth­oxy groups point towards the carbonyl group. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular N—H⋯π inter­actions

Study on Personal Characteristics and Emotional Affordances through User Activity Analysis

Design methodology should address psychological and cognitive aspects based on human emotion and feeling as well as physical and functional aspects based on product structure. Donald Norman introduced perceived affordances as characteristics in the appearance of an object that gives clues for its proper operations. We conducted a case study in a public space - building lobby - used by many general people. User activities and behaviors were analyzed in several specific tasks given to twenty participants with similar cultural background in the lobby of a building they have never been to before. Then we identified affordances and building structure elements, called affordance features, critically related to those affordances. While performing the tasks in the same building lobby, user activities can be classified into several different groups for each task based on affordance features involved in their activities. These user activity differences are then compared with their personal cognitive characteristics derived from their perception and judgment preferences using intuitive and factual perception orientation and objective and subjective decision making inclination respectively. For user of less common activities for some tasks, personal cognitive characteristics have been identified. This study could help in affordance-based design so that alternative affordance features are designed considering diverse user cognitive characteristics

Deficiency of peroxiredoxin 2 exacerbates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm

Abdominal aortic aneurysm: Potential enzyme biomarker identified An enzyme with antioxidant properties may provide a biomarker and therapeutic agent to help treat abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). AAA involves the structural deterioration of the aorta through chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, and can trigger life-threatening artery rupture. An antioxidant enzyme called peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) is increased in patients with ruptures, but whether its role in AAA is beneficial or detrimental is unclear. Goo Taeg Oh at the Ewha Womans University in Seoul, Jong-Gil Park at the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea, and co-workers examined the effect of PRDX2 on AAA progression. PRDX2 suppressed structural damage in mice, limiting artery dilation and protein degradation. Loss of PRDX2 accelerated AAA development. Measuring levels of PRDX2 may indicate AAA severity in patients, while boosting the enzyme could repair aortic damage

Modelling Surround-aware Contrast Sensitivity for HDR Displays

Despite advances in display technology, many existing applications rely on psychophysical datasets of human perception gathered using older, sometimes outdated displays. As a result, there exists the underlying assumption that such measurements can be carried over to the new viewing conditions of more modern technology. We have conducted a series of psychophysical experiments to explore contrast sensitivity using a state-of-the-art HDR display, taking into account not only the spatial frequency and luminance of the stimuli but also their surrounding luminance levels. From our data, we have derived a novel surroundaware contrast sensitivity function (CSF), which predicts human contrast sensitivity more accurately. We additionally provide a practical version that retains the benefits of our full model, while enabling easy backward compatibility and consistently producing good results across many existing applications that make use of CSF models. We show examples of effective HDR video compression using a transfer function derived from our CSF, tone-mapping, and improved accuracy in visual difference prediction

2,4-Bis(2-bromo­phen­yl)-3-aza­bicyclo­[3.3.1]nonan-9-one

In the mol­ecular structure of the title compound, C20H19Br2NO, the fused six-membered heterocyclic and cyclo­hexane rings adopt a twin-chair conformation with equatorial orientations of all the substituents. Both the ortho-bromo substituents of the benzene rings are oriented towards the carbonyl group; the dihedral angle between the ring planes is 29.13 (3)°. In the crystal structure, the N—H group does not participate in any hydrogen bonds

Surgical outcomes of strabismus after iatrogenic ophthalmic artery occlusion caused by cosmetic filler injections

Background To investigate the surgical outcomes of strabismus related to iatrogenic occlusion of the ophthalmic artery and its branches from cosmetic facial filler injection. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 6 patients who underwent strabismus surgery among 23 patients who had suffered occlusion of the ophthalmic artery and its branches after cosmetic facial filler injection. Initial, preoperative and final ocular motility examinations, the type of surgery and surgical outcomes were evaluated. Results At initial presentation, visual acuity was no light perception in 5 patients and hand motion in one patient. Five out of 6 patients showed initial ophthalmoplegia. Among these 5 patients, eye motility fully recovered in 3 patients although sensory strabismus developed during follow-up, while the remaining 2 patients had persistent ocular motility limitations. Strabismus surgery was performed at 2.2 ± 1.5 years after iatrogenic ophthalmic artery occlusion. Preoperatively, 5 of the 6 patients showed exotropia, and one patient had esotropia. Vertical deviation was found in 3 out of 6 patients in addition to the horizontal deviation. Successful outcome was achieved only in the 4 patients without persistent ophthalmoplegia after 1.4 ± 1.0 years from surgery. The other two patients with persistent ocular motility limitations failed to achieve successful alignment after surgery, and one patient eventually underwent evisceration due to phthisis bulbi. Conclusions In our study, surgical outcomes of strabismus caused by cosmetic facial filler injection were successful only in patients without persistent ophthalmoplegia at the time of surgery.This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No.2017R1A2B4011450). The funding organization had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript