MRI of the Female Pelvis

MRI provides an effective means for evaluating the female pelvis. This unit present a basic protocol for imaging the female pelvis. The protocol is designed to evaluate for the presence of fibroids or adenomyosis, uterine anomalies, and endometriosis. This protocol also provides limited evaluation of adnexal disease processes including: identification of ovaries, hemorrhagic ovarian cysts, and dermoid tumors.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145385/1/cpmia2001.pd

Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in well-developed countries. Biologically and clinicopathologically, endometrial carcinomas are divided into two types: type 1 or estrogen-dependent carcinomas and type 2 or estrogen-independent carcinomas. Type 1 cancers correspond mainly to endometrioid carcinomas and account for approximately 90 % of endometrial cancers, whereas type 2 cancers correspond to the majority of the other histopathological subtypes. The vast majority of endometrial cancers present as abnormal vaginal bleedings in postmenopausal women. Therefore, 75 % of cancers are diagnosed at an early stage, which makes the overall prognosis favorable. The first diagnostic step to evaluate women with an abnormal vaginal bleeding is the measurement of the endometrial thickness with transvaginal ultrasound. If endometrial thickening or heterogeneity is confirmed, a biopsy should be performed to establish a definite histopathological diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is not considered in the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics staging system. Nonetheless it plays a relevant role in the preoperative staging of endometrial carcinoma, helping to define the best therapeutic management. Moreover, it is important in the diagnosis of treatment complications, in the surveillance of therapy response, and in the assessment of recurrent disease.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Implementation And Positive Effect Of Immediate Feedback On Medical Student Education During The Surgical Clerkship

Background & Aims: Feedback from faculty to medical students is vital in medical education. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and educational benefits of a program that incorporates seeking immediate feedback by students from their faculty during the third year surgery clerkship. Methods: Using a cross-over model, students in the intervention group sought daily feedback from their faculty surgeons, while those in the non-feedback comparison group did not seek feedback. These groups crossed over every two weeks for the 8 surgical weeks of their 12-week clerkship. Weekly surveys utilizing 7-point Likert scales were used by students and surgical faculty to measure outcomes. Results: Student enrollment was 33 of 53. Students reported significantly more weekly immediate feedback sessions in the experimental group (1.21 vs. 0.67, p=0.002). Additionally, in the experimental group, there were significantly more occasions where faculty surgeons provided specific guidance as to how students could further their education (1.25 vs. 0.83, p=0.02). There were no significant differences in student self assessments or faculty assessments of knowledge and skills. Student participation was a major impediment to this study. Conclusions: Despite the challenges, there appear to be educational gains associated with immediate feedback. This suggests that an immediate feedback program can be implemented and may enhance the dialogue in the student-faculty relationship