Relativistic photoionization cross sections for C II

High resolution measurements of photoionization cross sections for atomic ions are now being made on synchrotron radiation sources. The recent measurements by Kjeldsen etal. (1999) showed good agreement between the observed resonance features and the the theoretical calculations in the close coupling approximation (Nahar 1995). However, there were several observed resonances that were missing in the theoretical predictions. The earlier theoretical calculation was carried out in LS coupling where the relativistic effects were not included. Present work reports photoionization cross sections including the relativistic effects in Breit-Pauli R-matrix (BPRM) approximation. The configuration interaction eigenfunction expansion for the core ion C III consists of 20 fine structure levels dominated by the configurations from 1s^22s^2 to 1s^22s3d. Detailed features in the calculated cross sections exhibit the missing resonances due to fine structure. The results benchmark the accuracy of BPRM photoionization cross sections as needed for recent and ongoing experiments.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure

Calibration Method for Texel Images Created from Fused Lidar and Digital Camera Images

The fusion of imaging lidar information and digital imagery results in 2.5-dimensional surfaces covered with texture information, called texel images. These data sets, when taken from different viewpoints, can be combined to create three-dimensional (3-D) images of buildings, vehicles, or other objects. This paper presents a procedure for calibration, error correction, and fusing of flash lidar and digital camera information from a single sensor configuration to create accurate texel images. A brief description of a prototype sensor is given, along with a calibration technique used with the sensor, which is applicable to other flash lidar/digital image sensor systems. The method combines systematic error correction of the flash lidar data, correction for lens distortion of the digital camera and flash lidar images, and fusion of the lidar to the camera data in a single process. The result is a texel image acquired directly from the sensor. Examples of the resulting images, with improvements from the proposed algorithm, are presented. Results with the prototype sensor show very good match between 3-D points and the digital image (\u3c 2.8 image pixels), with a 3-D object measurement error of \u3c 0.5%, compared to a noncalibrated error of ∼3%

StomateTutor™: An Introduction to Stomatal Control of Gas Exchange in Plants

This is a HyperCard implementation which includes Pascal programs. HyperCard, which requires at least 1 Megabyte of memory, must be supplied by the user. The system disk must include the Geneva 10 pt font. When using, open the HyperCard stack StomateTutor which coordinates the remaining files (StomateTutorl-3 and the two Pascal programs). When you run StomateTutor the first time with your file configuration, you must locate the Pore Width and Diffusion applications used in Modules 1 and 2, respectively

A tale of ‘politics and stars aligning’: analysing the sustainability of scaled up digital tools for front-line health workers in India

India has become a lighthouse for large-scale digital innovation in the health sector, particularly for front-line health workers (FLHWs). However, among scaled digital health solutions, ensuring sustainability remains elusive. This study explores the factors underpinning scale-up of digital health solutions for FLHWs in India, and the potential implications of these factors for sustainability

Yang-Lee and Fisher Zeros of Multisite Interaction Ising Models on the Cayley-type Lattices

A general analytical formula for recurrence relations of multisite interaction Ising models in an external magnetic field on the Cayley-type lattices is derived. Using the theory of complex analytical dynamics on the Riemann sphere, a numerical algorithm to obtain Yang-Lee and Fisher zeros of the models is developed. It is shown that the sets of Yang-Lee and Fisher zeros are almost always fractals, that could be associated with Mandelbrot-like sets on the complex magnetic field and temperature planes respectively.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures; with minor correction

Branch-and-lift algorithm for deterministic global optimization in nonlinear optimal control

This paper presents a branch-and-lift algorithm for solving optimal control problems with smooth nonlinear dynamics and potentially nonconvex objective and constraint functionals to guaranteed global optimality. This algorithm features a direct sequential method and builds upon a generic, spatial branch-and-bound algorithm. A new operation, called lifting, is introduced, which refines the control parameterization via a Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process, while simultaneously eliminating control subregions that are either infeasible or that provably cannot contain any global optima. Conditions are given under which the image of the control parameterization error in the state space contracts exponentially as the parameterization order is increased, thereby making the lifting operation efficient. A computational technique based on ellipsoidal calculus is also developed that satisfies these conditions. The practical applicability of branch-and-lift is illustrated in a numerical example. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

Mitigating eutrophication and toxic cyanobacterial blooms in large lakes: The evolution of a dual nutrient (N and P) reduction paradigm

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) are an increasingly common feature of large, eutrophic lakes. Non-N2-fixing CyanoHABs (e.g., Microcystis) appear to be proliferating relative to N2-fixing CyanoHABs in systems receiving increasing nutrient loads. This shift reflects increasing external nitrogen (N) inputs, and a > 50-year legacy of excessive phosphorus (P) and N loading. Phosphorus is effectively retained in legacy-impacted systems, while N may be retained or lost to the atmosphere in gaseous forms (e.g., N2, NH3, N2O). Biological control on N inputs versus outputs, or the balance between N2 fixation versus denitrification, favors the latter, especially in lakes undergoing accelerating eutrophication, although denitrification removal efficiency is inhibited by increasing external N loads. Phytoplankton in eutrophic lakes have become more responsive to N inputs relative to P, despite sustained increases in N loading. From a nutrient management perspective, this suggests a need to change the freshwater nutrient limitation and input reduction paradigms; a shift from an exclusive focus on P limitation to a dual N and P co-limitation and management strategy. The recent proliferation of toxic non-N2-fixing CyanoHABs, and ever-increasing N and P legacy stores, argues for such a strategy if we are to mitigate eutrophication and CyanoHAB expansion globally

Tune in to your emotions: a robust personalized affective music player

The emotional power of music is exploited in a personalized affective music player (AMP) that selects music for mood enhancement. A biosignal approach is used to measure listeners’ personal emotional reactions to their own music as input for affective user models. Regression and kernel density estimation are applied to model the physiological changes the music elicits. Using these models, personalized music selections based on an affective goal state can be made. The AMP was validated in real-world trials over the course of several weeks. Results show that our models can cope with noisy situations and handle large inter-individual differences in the music domain. The AMP augments music listening where its techniques enable automated affect guidance. Our approach provides valuable insights for affective computing and user modeling, for which the AMP is a suitable carrier application

Environmental Determinants of Infectious Disease: A Framework for Tracking Causal Links and Guiding Public Health Research

BACKGROUND: Discoveries that emerging and re-emerging pathogens have their origin in environmental change has created an urgent need to understand how these environmental changes impact disease burden. In this article we present a framework that provides a context from which to examine the relationship between environmental changes and disease transmission and a structure from which to unite disparate pieces of information from a variety of disciplines. METHODS: The framework integrates three interrelated characteristics of environment–disease relationships: a) Environmental change manifests in a complex web of ecologic and social factors that may ultimately impact disease; these factors are represented as those more distally related and those more proximally related to disease. b) Transmission dynamics of infectious pathogens mediate the effects that environmental changes have on disease. c) Disease burden is the outcome of the interplay between environmental change and the transmission cycle of a pathogen. RESULTS: To put this framework into operation, we present a matrix formulation as a means to define important elements of this system and to summarize what is known and unknown about the these elements and their relationships. The framework explicitly expresses the problem at a systems level that goes beyond the traditional risk factor analysis used in public health, and the matrix provide