1,331 research outputs found
Grover's search algorithm: An optical approach
The essential operations of a quantum computer can be accomplished using
solely optical elements, with different polarization or spatial modes
representing the individual qubits. We present a simple all-optical
implementation of Grover's algorithm for efficient searching, in which a
database of four elements is searched with a single query. By `compiling' the
actual setup, we have reduced the required number of optical elements from 24
to only 12. We discuss the extension to larger databases, and the limitations
of these techniques.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. To appear in a special issue of the Journal of
Modern Optics -- "The Physics of Quantum Information
Towards a phase diagram of the 2D Skyrme model
We discuss calculations of the phase diagram of the baby-Skyrme model, a two-dimensional version of the model that has been so successful in the description of baryons. Contact is made with the sine Gordon model in 1D, and relations with the Skyrme model used in the quantum-Hall effect are pointed out. It is shown that at finite temperature the phase diagram is dominated by a liquid, and not the crystal that plays a role for zero temperature
On the unique possibility to increase significantly the contrast of dark resonances on D1 line of Rb
We propose and study, theoretically and experimentally, a new scheme of
excitation of a coherent population trapping resonance for D1 line of alakli
atoms with nuclear spin by bichromatic linearly polarized light ({\em
lin}{\em lin} field) at the conditions of spectral resolution of the
excited state. The unique properties of this scheme result in a high contrast
of dark resonance for D1 line of Rb.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures. This material has been partially presented on
ICONO-2005, 14 May 2005, St. Petersburg, Russia. v2 references added; text is
changed a bi
Effects of Training on Social Work, Nursing and Medical Trainees' Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs Related to Screening and Brief Intervention for Alcohol Use
Indiana University's Schools of Social Work, Nursing and Medicine formed a consortium to advance education for Screening Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT). Trainees participated in SBIRT training and completed data collection before, immediately after, and 30 days after a face-to-face training. The study explored participants' perceptions about the training and the likelihood of implementing SBI in practice, including attitudes and beliefs that may be predictive of SBIRT utilization in clinical practice. Results show the training targeting SBI and MI behaviors may improve participants' self-reported competence with SBI. This improvement was consistent and strong in all programs. The study results also provided a preliminary indication that the training affected participants' perception of time utilization and compensation for performing SBI
A Minimal Length from the Cutoff Modes in Asymptotically Safe Quantum Gravity
Within asymptotically safe Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG), the quantum
4-sphere is discussed as a specific example of a fractal spacetime manifold.
The relation between the infrared cutoff built into the effective average
action and the corresponding coarse graining scale is investigated. Analyzing
the properties of the pertinent cutoff modes, the possibility that QEG
generates a minimal length scale dynamically is explored. While there exists no
minimal proper length, the QEG sphere appears to be "fuzzy" in the sense that
there is a minimal angular separation below which two points cannot be resolved
by the cutoff modes.Comment: 26 pages, 1 figur
Global environmental changes: setting priorities for Latin American coastal habitats.
The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.comThe Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) reports that Global Environmental Changes (GEC) are occurring quicker than at any other time over the last 25 million years and impacting upon marine environments (Bellard et al., 2012). There is overwhelming evidence showing that GEC are affecting both the quality and quantity of the goods and services provided by a wide range of marine ecosystems. In order to discuss regional preparedness for global environmental changes, a workshop was held in Ilhabela, Brazil (22- 26 April 2012) entitled "Evaluating the Sensitivity of Central and South American Benthic Communities to Global Environmental Changes" that drew together scientists from ten Latin American and three European countries. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
A low-voltage activated, transient calcium current is responsible for the time-dependent depolarizing inward rectification of rat neocortical neurons in vitro
Intracellular recordings were obtained from rat neocortical neurons in vitro. The current-voltage-relationship of the neuronal membrane was investigated using current- and single-electrode-voltage-clamp techniques. Within the potential range up to 25 mV positive to the resting membrane potential (RMP: –75 to –80 mV) the steady state slope resistance increased with depolarization (i.e. steady state inward rectification in depolarizing direction). Replacement of extracellular NaCl with an equimolar amount of choline chloride resulted in the conversion of the steady state inward rectification to an outward rectification, suggesting the presence of a voltage-dependent, persistent sodium current which generated the steady state inward rectification of these neurons. Intracellularly injected outward current pulses with just subthreshold intensities elicited a transient depolarizing potential which invariably triggered the first action potential upon an increase in current strength. Single-electrode-voltage-clamp measurements reveled that this depolarizing potential was produced by a transient calcium current activated at membrane potentials 15–20 mV positive to the RMP and that this current was responsible for the time-dependent increase in the magnitude of the inward rectification in depolarizing direction in rat neocortical neurons. It may be that, together with the persistent sodium current, this calcium current regulates the excitability of these neurons via the adjustment of the action potential threshold
Simulated Annealing for Topological Solitons
The search for solutions of field theories allowing for topological solitons
requires that we find the field configuration with the lowest energy in a given
sector of topological charge. The standard approach is based on the numerical
solution of the static Euler-Lagrange differential equation following from the
field energy. As an alternative, we propose to use a simulated annealing
algorithm to minimize the energy functional directly. We have applied simulated
annealing to several nonlinear classical field theories: the sine-Gordon model
in one dimension, the baby Skyrme model in two dimensions and the nuclear
Skyrme model in three dimensions. We describe in detail the implementation of
the simulated annealing algorithm, present our results and get independent
confirmation of the studies which have used standard minimization techniques.Comment: 31 pages, LaTeX, better quality pics at
http://www.phy.umist.ac.uk/~weidig/Simulated_Annealing/, updated for
publicatio
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