Integrationspolitik in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Von politischer Opportunität und institutionalisierter Ungleichbehandlung zur menschenrechtsbasierten Politik?

Vor dem Hintergrund der Entwicklung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland zu einer Einwanderungsgesellschaft setzt sich der Beitrag mit der Frage auseinander, ob in der neueren Integrationspolitik gegenüber der überkommenen Gastarbeiter- und Ausländerpolitik ein Perspektivwechsel in Richtung einer menschenrechtsbasierten Politik erfolgt ist. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wird zunächst dargelegt, worum es bei Integration und ihrer politischen Steuerung geht und welche Bedeutung das menschenrechtliche Ideal der gleichen Freiheit in dieser Hinsicht hat bzw. haben soll. Danach wird unter den Gesichtspunkten der politischen Opportunität und institutionalisierten Ungleichbehandlung verdeutlicht wie in der überkommenen Anwerbungs- und Ausländerpolitik mit der Frage der Integration umgegangen wurde. Im Anschluss daran wird das Verhältnis der neueren Integrationspolitik zu einer menschenrechtsbasierten Politik analysiert. Hier werden zunächst wichtige Elemente und Einflussfaktoren dieser Politik aufgezeigt. Zudem wird analysiert, welche Reichweite die Maßnahmen unter dem Gesichtspunkt menschenrechtlicher Verpflichtungen des Staates aufweisen, und angedeutet, wie eine Weiterentwicklung in Richtung des menschenrechtlichen Ideals der gleichen Freiheit erfolgen könnte.Taking into consideration the development of the Federal Republic of Germany to an immigration country, focusing on the public policy of immigrant integration, this article deals with the question whether a perspective shift from the overcome ‘guest-workers’ and foreigners policy towards a human rights-based policy has taken place in the most recent integration policy. Initially the issues of integration and integration policy are discussed. Furthermore, the importance of the human rights ideal of equal liberty in this context is shown. Subsequently the relationship of the most recent integration policy to a human rights-based policy is analyzed. Important elements and factors of this policy are pointed out. Further, the extent to which the policy measures correspond to governmental obligations in terms of human rights is shown. Moreover, it is suggested how a progress could take place towards the human rights ideal of equal liberty

Combined Aluminum Roll-Formed Profiles

Aluminum roll-formed profiles in various shapes can act as various straight or bent hollow vehicle body structures, include but not limited to front bumpers, rear bumpers, roof rails, upper A-pillars, front and/or rear longitudinals, and/or seat cross-members, among others, and may be use for various vehicles, including but not limited to commercial vehicles, trucks, busses, vans, and/or railway cars, among others. Aluminum roll-formed profiles may provide strength and/or energy absorption in case of crash events, and may be particularly useful for structures with high crash load requirements. In addition, relatively small bending radii (depending on alloy choice, temper during forming and sheet thickness) may allow for the manufacture of efficient sections with tailored properties. Aluminum roll-formed profiles may be significantly lighter than steel roll-formed profiles at the same performance while also providing significant cost saving potential compared to aluminum extrusions at similar or lower weights

Challenges, Research Topics and Solutions in Manned-Unmanned Teaming Helicopter Transport Missions

The proposed presentation gives an overview over the challenges introduced by giving control of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) to the two-person crew of a manned transport helicopter, as well as research topics and possible solutions addressing these challenges. The collaborative deployment of UAV with manned aircraft (Manned-Unmanned Teaming, MUMT) can increase survivability and mission effectiveness by providing real-time reconnaissance. However, giving control of these UAV to the crew of a manned transport helicopter adds a high number of new tasks to be dealt with by the crew. This poses the threat of introducing a severe amount of additional workload into the cockpit

Hierarchical mission planning with a GA-optimizer for unmanned high altitude pseudo-satellites

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are gaining preference for mapping and monitoring ground activities, partially due to the cost efficiency and availability of lightweight high-resolution imaging sensors. Recent advances in solar-powered High Altitude Pseudo-Satellites (HAPSs) widen the future use of multiple UAVs of this sort for long-endurance remote sensing, from the lower stratosphere of vast ground areas. However, to increase mission success and safety, the effect of the wind on the platform dynamics and of the cloud coverage on the quality of the images must be considered during mission planning. For this reason, this article presents a new planner that, considering the weather conditions, determines the temporal hierarchical decomposition of the tasks of several HAPSs. This planner is supported by a Multiple Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) that determines the best Pareto front of feasible high-level plans according to different objectives carefully defined to consider the uncertainties imposed by the time-varying conditions of the environment. Meanwhile, the feasibility of the plans is assured by integrating constraints handling techniques in the MOEA. Leveraging historical weather data and realistic mission settings, we analyze the performance of the planner for different scenarios and conclude that it is capable of determining overall good solutions under different conditions

Evaluating the Impact of an Accountable Care Organization on Population Health: The Quasi-Experimental Design of the German Gesundes Kinzigtal.

A central goal of accountable care organizations (ACOs) is to improve the health of their accountable population. No evidence currently links ACO development to improved population health. A major challenge to establishing the evidence base for the impact of ACOs on population health is the absence of a theoretically grounded, robust, operationally feasible, and meaningful research design. The authors present an evaluation study design, provide an empirical example, and discuss considerations for generating the evidence base for ACO implementation. A quasi-experimental study design using propensity score matching in combination with small-scale exact matching is implemented. Outcome indicators based on claims data were constructed and analyzed. Population health is measured by using a range of mortality indicators: mortality ratio, age at time of death, years of potential life lost/gained, and survival time. The application is assessed using longitudinal data from Gesundes Kinzigtal, one of the leading population-based ACOs in Germany. The proposed matching approach resulted in a balanced control of observable differences between the intervention (ACO) and control groups. The mortality indicators used indicate positive results. For example, 635.6 fewer years of potential life lost (2005.8 vs. 2641.4; t-test: sig. P < 0.05*) in the ACO intervention group (n = 5411) attributable to the ACO, also after controlling for a potential (indirect) immortal time bias by excluding the first half year after enrollment from the outcome measurement. This empirical example of the impact of a German ACO on population health can be extended to the evaluation of ACOs and other integrated delivery models of care

Donor selection in a pediatric stem cell transplantation cohort using PIRCHE and HLA‐DPB1 typing

Background: New strategies to optimize donor selection for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have mainly been evaluated in adults, but the disease spectrum requiring HSCT differs significantly in children and has consequences for the risk of complications, such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Procedures: Here we evaluated whether HLA-DPB1 and Predicted Indirectly ReCognizable HLA-Epitope (PIRCHE) matching can improve donor selection and minimize risks specific for a pediatric cohort undergoing HSCT in Berlin between 2014 and 2016. Results: The percentage of HLA-DPB1–mismatched HSCT in the pediatric cohort was in line with the general distribution among matched unrelated donor HSCT. Nonpermissive HLA-DPB1 mismatches were not associated with a higher incidence of GvHD, but the incidence of relapse was higher in patients undergoing HSCT from HLA-DPB1–matched transplantations. High PIRCHE-I scores were associated with a significantly higher risk for developing GvHD in patients undergoing HSCT from nine of ten matched unrelated donors. This finding persisted after including HLA-DPB1 into the PIRCHE analysis. Conclusions: Implementing PIRCHE typing in the donor selection process for HSCT in children could particularly benefit children with nonmalignant diseases and support further validation of PIRCHE-based donor selection in a larger number of children treated at different sites

Magnetically-coupled piston pump for high-purity gas applications

Experiments based on noble elements such as gaseous or liquid argon or xenon utilize the ionization and scintillation properties of the target materials to detect radiation-induced recoils. A requirement for high light and charge yields is to reduce electronegative impurities well below the ppb level. To achieve this, the target material is continuously circulated in the gas phase through a purifier and returned to the detector. Additionally, the low backgrounds necessary dictate low-Rn-emanation rates from all components that contact the gas. Since commercial pumps often introduce electronegative impurities from lubricants on internal components or through small air leaks, and are not designed to meet the radiopurity requirements, custom-built pumps are an advantageous alternative. A new pump has been developed in Muenster in cooperation with the nEXO group at Stanford University and the nEXO/XENON group at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute based on a magnetically-coupled piston in a hermetically sealed low-Rn-emanating vessel. This pump delivers high performance for noble gases, reaching more than 210 standard liters per minute (slpm) with argon and more than 170 slpm with xenon while maintaining a compression of up to 1.9 bar, demonstrating its capability for noble gas detectors and other applications requiring high standards of gas purity.Comment: 11 pages, 18 figure