The Normative Agency of Regional Organizations and Non‐governmental Organizations in International Peace Mediation

This article analyzes the increasingly prominent role of regional organizations (ROs) and non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) in promoting norms in mediation processes. In particular, we seek to understand the processes by which RO and NGO mediators promote the inclusivity norm to negotiating parties and the outcomes that result. We employ the concepts of local agency and social practices in examining the normative agency of ROs and NGOs in promoting and redefining the inclusivity norm. Through illustrative case studies of peace processes in South Sudan and Myanmar, we argue that ROs’ and NGOs’ mediation practices reflect their claims to alternative resources of power, such as long‐standing expertise and insider status in the context, and build congruence with strong local norms. We provide nuanced theoretical insights on RO and NGO mediators’ claims to agency and provide empirical illustrations on how these claims contribute to constitutive changes to norms

The oldest portuguese living being: a lichen in the Serra da Estrela?

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Beiträge zur Morphologie des Schelfes und der Küste bei Kap Sines (Portugal)

During the "Meteor" Cruise 8/1967 three geographers, H. G. GIERLOFF-EMDEN, H. SCHROEDER-LANZ, and F. WIENEKE, investigated the sea floor morphology and the submarine as well as subaerial terraces appearing along and off the Portuguese and Moroccan coast. Bottom profiles on the shelf were run by the "Meteor"; connecting profiles into shallower water were run by a cutter. Conventional mapping was carried out on the coast. Use of existing sediment echograph information (cf. W. GIESEL & E. SEIBOLD, 1968) made possible a reliable interpretation of the connecting profiles run by the cutter in the coastal area. Off the Portuguese coast near Cape Sines, many submarine planar features were found. Of these, the terraces in water depths between 140 and 150 m are of particular interest as they offer further evidence of Pleistocene eustatic sealevel changes reaching this depth. Terraces and smaller morphologic features developed on the coast itself are most likely the result of the tectonism which is known to exist in the Cape Sines region

Minderung des Scale-Up Risikos im Bereich der Wirbelschicht des geplanten Babcock-Kombi-Kraftwerkes mit Druckwirbelschichtfeuerung Abschlussbericht

With 85 refs., 10 tabs., 92 figs.SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: FR 5760 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Structure-function relationships in tendons: a review

The purpose of the current review is to highlight the structure-function relationship of tendons and related structures to provide an overview for readers whose interest in tendons needs to be underpinned by anatomy. Because of the availability of several recent reviews on tendon development and entheses, the focus of the current work is primarily directed towards what can best be described as the ‘tendon proper’ or the ‘mid-substance’ of tendons. The review covers all levels of tendon structure from the molecular to the gross and deals both with the extracellular matrix and with tendon cells. The latter are often called ‘tenocytes’ and are increasingly recognized as a defined cell population that is functionally and phenotypically distinct from other fibroblast-like cells. This is illustrated by their response to different types of mechanical stress. However, it is not only tendon cells, but tendons as a whole that exhibit distinct structure-function relationships geared to the changing mechanical stresses to which they are subject. This aspect of tendon biology is considered in some detail. Attention is briefly directed to the blood and nerve supply of tendons, for this is an important issue that relates to the intrinsic healing capacity of tendons. Structures closely related to tendons (joint capsules, tendon sheaths, pulleys, retinacula, fat pads and bursae) are also covered and the concept of a ‘supertendon’ is introduced to describe a collection of tendons in which the function of the whole complex exceeds that of its individual members. Finally, attention is drawn to the important relationship between tendons and fascia, highlighted by Wood Jones in his concept of an ‘ectoskeleton’ over half a century ago – work that is often forgotten today