Feasibility of Using Cryostored Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Eggs for Rearing \u3ci\u3eEdovum Puttleri\u3c/i\u3e (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Cryostored eggs of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) eggs were suitable hosts for Edovum puttleri. Parasitism rates were low, however this study was first to show that rearing the parasite on eggs stored at ultra low temperatures (-70 0 C) is feasible. This method of storage will facilitate mass production of E. puttleri as well as prevent loss of the parasite in the event of a crash in the Colorado potato beetle colony

Effect of \u3ci\u3eBeauveria Bassiana\u3c/i\u3e on Underground Stages Of the Colorado Potato Beetle, \u3ci\u3eLeptinotarsa Decemlineata\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Tests were conducted to determine the effect of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (B.b.) on underground of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Two levels of B.h., g/m2 and 75 g/m2 , were suspended in water and sprinkled over the surface of the ground in cages to which CPB were added, either as overwintering adults or as 4th instar larvae of the 15t generation. Efficacy of treatments was determined by counting emerged adults. Neither level of B .b. increased mortality in overwintering adults. The highest level of B.h. caused a significant decline in emergence of adults from the 1st generation 4th instars. The 7.5 g/m2 treatment level did not significantly differ from control treatments

Feasibility of Using Cryostored Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Eggs for Rearing \u3ci\u3eEdovum Puttleri\u3c/i\u3e (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Cryostored eggs of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) eggs were suitable hosts for Edovum puttleri. Parasitism rates were low, however this study was first to show that rearing the parasite on eggs stored at ultra low temperatures (-70 0 C) is feasible. This method of storage will facilitate mass production of E. puttleri as well as prevent loss of the parasite in the event of a crash in the Colorado potato beetle colony

Trends in Europe in higher education

Published ArticleThis article deals with the developments in the higher education sector in Europe. It addresses the specific European context in which the changes take place. It also touches upon the important trends that can be noted over the last years. A number of them have a fundamental effect on the development of the European higher education systems towards a more unified system, allowing for a significant increase of mobility among staff and students, and rationalising the educational systems

Paper Session III-A - Rack Level Test Facility- The Columbus APM Payload Verification Tool

The COLUMBUS laboratory APM (Attached Pressurized Module) provides for the partial and complete exchange of payload facilities on-orbit. This laboratory is planned to be launched with initial payload installed and will remain in orbit until the end of its operational life. The initial payload will be upgraded in resupply missions until the full on-orbit payload capability is reached. Periodically servicing will be performed as well as on-orbit exchange of complete or partial payload facilities in resupply missions

Density of Surface States in Discrete Models

We consider a simple quantum model with a surface and prove the existence of a surface density of states. We show that the energy spectrum of the model is the union of the support of the bulk densities of states of the media forming the surface and the support of the surface density of states

Solubilization method for isolation of photosynthetic mega- And super-complexes from conifer thylakoids

Photosynthesis is the main process by which sunlight is harvested and converted into chemical energy and has been a focal point of fundamental research in plant biology for decades. In higher plants, the process takes place in the thylakoid membranes where the two photosystems (PSI and PSII) are located. In the past few decades, the evolution of biophysical and biochemical techniques allowed detailed studies of the thylakoid organization and the interaction between protein complexes and cofactors. These studies have mainly focused on model plants, such as Arabidopsis, pea, spinach, and tobacco, which are grown in climate chambers even though significant differences between indoor and outdoor growth conditions are present. In this manuscript, we present a new mild-solubilization procedure for use with “fragile” samples such as thylakoids from conifers growing outdoors. Here, the solubilization protocol is optimized with two detergents in two species, namely Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). We have optimized the isolation and characterization of PSI and PSII multimeric mega- and super-complexes in a close-to-native condition by Blue-Native gel electrophoresis. Eventually, our protocol will not only help in the characterization of photosynthetic complexes from conifers but also in understanding winter adaptation