458 research outputs found
The balanced tensor product of module categories
The balanced tensor product M (x)_A N of two modules over an algebra A is the vector space corepresenting A-balanced bilinear maps out of the product M x N. The balanced tensor product M [x]_C N of two module categories over a monoidal linear category C is the linear category corepresenting C-balanced right-exact bilinear functors out of the product category M x N. We show that the balanced tensor product can be realized as a category of bimodule objects in C, provided the monoidal linear category is finite and rigid
The Morphology of Type Ia Supernovae Light Curves
We present a family of six BVI template light curves for SNe Ia for days -5
and +80, based on high-quality data gathered at CTIO. These templates display a
wide range of light curve morphologies, with initial decline rates of their B
light curves between m15(B)=0.87 mag and 1.93 mag. We use these templates to
study the general morphology of SNe Ia light curves. We find that several of
the main features of the BVI templates correlate tightly with m15(B). In
particular, the V light curves, which are probably a reasonably good
approximation of the bolometric light curves, display an orderly progression in
shapes between the most-luminous, slowest-declining events and the
least-luminous, fastest-declining SNe. This supports the idea that the observed
spectroscopic and photometric sequences of SNe Ia are due primarily to one
parameter. Nevertheless, SNe with very similar initial decline rates do show
significant differences in their light curve properties when examined in
detail, suggesting the influence of one or more secondary parameters.Comment: 32 pages, 15 figures, to appear in the Astronomical Journa
Greater Expectations for Pharmaceutical Value: Better Care, Healthier People, Smarter Spending
Type: Commentar
A Search for Environmental Effects on Type Ia Supernovae
We use integrated colors and B and V absolute magnitudes of Type Ia supernova
(SN) host galaxies in order to search for environmental effects on the SN
optical properties. With the new sample of 44 SNe we confirm the conclusion by
Hamuy et al. (1996a) that bright events occur preferentially in young stellar
environments. We find also that the brightest SNe occur in the least luminous
galaxies, a possible indication that metal-poorer neighbourhoods produce the
more luminous events. The interpretation of these results is made difficult,
however, due to the fact that galaxies with younger stellar populations are
also lower in luminosity. In an attempt to remove this ambiguity we use models
for the line strengths in the absorption spectrum of five early-type galaxies,
in order to estimate metallicities and ages of the SN host galaxies. With the
addition of abundance estimates from nebular analysis of the emission spectra
of three spiral galaxies, we find possible further evidence that luminous SNe
are produced in metal-poor neighborhoods. Further spectroscopic observations of
the SN host galaxies will be necessary to test these results and assist in
disentangling the age/metallicity effects on Type Ia SNe.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the September 2000 issue of The
Astronomical Journa
Use of National Consumer Survey Data to Explore Perceptions of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Background: Although Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has been the standard of therapy in Asia for centuries, it started receiving more attention in the U.S. in the last three decades.
Objectives: The primary study objective was to explore individuals\u27 perspectives of CAM. A secondary objective was to describe individuals\u27 perceptions of pharmacists’ roles in facilitating their use of these services and products.
Methods: Data were obtained from the 2015 and 2016 National Consumer Surveys on the Medication Experience and Pharmacist Roles. Data were collected from adults residing in the United States via on-line, self-administered surveys coordinated by Qualtrics Panels between April 28 and June 22, 2015 (n = 26,173) and between March 14 and 30, 2016 (n = 10,500). This study focused on written comments made in the surveys with Content Conventional Analysis applied to the text. Four researchers were trained to conduct coding to assess inter-judge reliability. The four judges had a high level of agreement which was greater than 0.95 for category type.
Results: Out of a total of 36,673 respondents, 80% (29,426) submitted written comments at the end of the survey. Of these, 2,178 comments were about medications or health and 170 (8%) comments specifically about CAM, of which 136 (6%) were usable for analysis. Conventional Content Analysis revealed five themes:1)The role of pharmaceutical and insurance companies in CAM; 2) Overuse of medications; 3) Physicians can play a role in creating a balance between prescription use and CAM; 4) Individuals believe that CAM is more effective than Western medicines and prefer it; 5) Individuals want pharmacists to have a better understanding of CAM. The results of this study reveal individuals’ opinions regarding how they want CAM to be considered in their interactions with their healthcare team.
Conclusion: Emergent themes suggest that individuals are interested in receiving more professionals’ healthcare to become more knowledgeable about CAM
Science, Innovation, and Innovation in the Science of Pharmacy
Type:Â Invitatio
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