Meeting the Challenges of an Aging Population with Success

With 117,099 people over the age of 65, Franklin County has the second-highest number of seniors among all Ohio counties. Projection data from the Ohio Department of Development indicates that Franklin County's 65-and-over population will grow to 224,340 by the year 2040. Key findings from this report indicate that improved coordination between the complex web of federal, state, county, and municipal resources would have significant impact on seniors' health and quality of life. The report also includes an analysis of the most vulnerable seniors in Franklin County identified at the neighborhood level

Food For a Long Life: A Local Case Study of Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR)

The Food For a Long Life (FFLL) project is a five-year, USDA-CYFAR (Children, Youth and Families At-Risk) Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) project that aims to reduce food insecurity among young children and their families living in one Columbus, Ohio neighborhood and one Virginia community. Specifically, the FFLL project seeks to use intergenerational strategies to improve access to, consumption of and knowledge of healthful food in the target communities. The FFLL project team just completed its planning year, year one of the five-year project, during which stakeholders were identified and engaged in the CBPAR process. The following principles of CBPAR (Israel et al., 2000) were applied to guide the project planning efforts: Acknowledge the community as a unit of identity. Build on strengths and resources within the community. Facilitate a collaborative, equitable partnership in all phases of research. Involve an empowering and power sharing process that attends to social inequalities. Foster co-learning and capacity building among partners. Integrate a balance between knowledge generation and intervention for the mutual benefit of all partners. Focus on the local relevance of public health problems and ecological perspectives that attend to the multiple determinants of health. Involve systems development using a cyclical and iterative process. Disseminate results to all partners and involve them in the wider dissemination of results. Use a long-term process and commit to sustainability. The Ohio FFLL project team began the planning year by hosting a project kick-off meeting for research team members and pre-identified stakeholders. During the first quarter of the year, existing community data was gathered and listening sessions were held with stakeholders. In the second quarter, the research team analyzed and themed the data. Themes were then communicated to interested stakeholders via a community conversation (i.e. search conference meeting) and three monthly Discover Council meetings. Currently, the Discovery Council is meeting quarterly to inform the project's intervention strategies. The Discovery Council research team members include a dietitian, a gerontologist, experts in intergenerational programming, a food security expert, a technology expert and evaluation specialists. These team members come as students, staff and faculty working for OSU Extension and the Ohio State College of Social Work. Also represented on the Discovery Council are community members, caregivers and parents; early childcare education providers, adult care providers, employees from the public health department, employees from the Mid-Ohio Food Bank, and representatives from various other nonprofit organizations. The make-up of the Discovery Council allows for planning that draws on both subject-area expertise and community knowledge, resulting in plans that are feasible, sustainable, desired and relevant.AUTHOR AFFILIATION: Jenny Lobb, Educator, The Ohio State University Extension, [email protected] (Corresponding Author); Shannon Jarrott, Professor, Ohio State College of Social Work; Holly Dabelko-Schoeny, Associate Professor, Ohio State College of Social Work; Elizabeth Speidel, Intergenerational Program Manager, Champion Intergenerational Center.The Food For a Long Life (FFLL) project is a five-year, USDA-CYFAR (Children, Youth and Families At-Risk) project that aims to reduce food insecurity among young children and their families living in one Columbus, Ohio neighborhood and one Virginia community. Specifically, the FFLL project seeks to use intergenerational strategies to improve access to, consumption of and knowledge of healthful food in the target communities. The project uses the Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) process to engage various stakeholders in the target communities to plan for and achieve feasible, sustainable and desired outcomes. The Ohio research team will share how CBPAR principles were applied in the planning year of the research project to inform intervention strategies for the current project year

Preventing torture for people deprived of freedom: The Atlantic Hope and Black Swan Prison Model

International law and minimum standards provide certain protection for detainees and prisoners of war (POW) against torture and ill-treatment. Places of detention and parties to conflicts are often monitored to ensure that they adhere to the required standards through, for example, visits to individual detainees and the assessment of facilities. However, monitoring between the point of arrest and eventual remand in prisons is largely inadequate. This paper explains an emerging model to enhance protection of prisoners through readiness training for prospective humanitarian personnel. The Atlantic Hope simulation exercise on monitoring detainees and visits to the mock Black Swan prison represents a teaching model to enhance sustainable protection of detainees and POW during incarceration. The simulation entails comprehensive monitoring, assessment, visits and provision of services to prisoners from the point of arrest, during the transition to places of custody, and imprisonment. These enhance protection of detainees to avoid deaths in custody, disappearance and torture throughout the chain of imprisonment

Behavioural response of green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) to volatiles from different rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) clones

Previous studies have shown that rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) can serve as a companion plant to control Myzus persicae (Sulzer) because of the repellent effect of certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that it emits. In the present study, we investigated which of five clones of rosemary may reveal a repellent effect on M. persicae and aimed to determine the possible VOCs involved.Analyses of the mixtures of VOCs released by the different clones revealed the presence of 15 main components. However, each clone was characterized by a specific volatile profile showing the existence of marked chemical variability.By testing the identified VOCs individually, using a dual‐choice olfactometer, we observed that five volatiles had a significant repulsive effect on M. persicae: bornyl acetate, camphor, α‐terpineol, terpinene‐4‐ol and geranyl acetone. In addition, only one clone of rosemary elicited a significant repulsive action.Nevertheless, all of the tested clones released compounds that are repellent to the aphid when tested individually. Therefore, the emission of individual volatiles by a rosemary plant is not sufficient to elicit a repellent effect.The concentration, proportion and even the association/synergy of VOCs in the released olfactory bouquets can probably explain these contrasting results and are worthy of additional exploration in future studies

Sharing Historic Costume Collections Online

The recent increase in online costume history resources has provided scholars of dress with fresh sources of information for inspiring and validating their research. The best digital archives consider the needs of their users in creating systems that make it easy for more users to access the greatest amount of relevant information. Users of online costume history resources have specific needs that should be addressed, both for internal users (organizing and entering information) and external users (finding information). This paper follows a panel presentation at the 2014 Symposium of the Costume Society of America, on the subject of digital initiatives for sharing collections of historic costume underway at individual American colleges and universities. In the presentation and resulting discussions with CSA members, common concerns became evident, both for information seekers and managers of historic costume data. These concerns and potential solutions are addressed in the following paper

Mentoring Interventions to Affect Juvenile Delinquency and Associated Problems: A Systematic Review

Mentoring is one of the most commonly used interventions to prevent, divert, and remediate youth engaged in, or thought to be at risk for delinquent behavior, school failure, aggression, or other antisocial behavior. In this update we report on a meta-analytic review of selective and indicated mentoring interventions that have been evaluated for their effects on delinquency outcomes for youth (e.g., arrest or conviction as a delinquent, self-reported involvement) and key associated outcomes (aggression, drug use, academic functioning). Of 164 identified studies published between 1970 and 2011, 46 met criteria for inclusion. Mean effects sizes were significant and positive for delinquency and academic functioning with trends (marginal significance level) for aggression and drug use. Effect sizes were modest by Cohen’s differentiation. However, there was heterogeneity in effect sizes across studies for each outcome. The obtained patterns of effects suggest mentoring may be valuable for those at-risk or already involved in delinquency and for associated outcomes. Comparison of study design (RCT vs. QE) did not show significant differences in effects. Moderator analysis showed larger effects when professional development was the motivation of the mentors for involvement, but not for basis of inclusion of participants (environmental vs. person basis of risk), presence of other interventions, or assessment of quality of fidelity. We also undertook the first systematic evaluation of key processes that seem to define how mentoring may aid youth (e.g. identification/modeling, teaching, emotional support, advocacy) to see if these related to effects. Based on studies we could code for the presence or absence of each as part of the program effort, analyses found stronger effects when emotional support and advocacy were emphasized. These results suggest mentoring is as effective for high-risk youth in relation to delinquency as many other preventive and treatment approaches and that emphasis on some theorized key processes may be more valuable than others. However, the collected set of studies is less informative than expected with quite limited specification about what comprised the mentoring program and implementation features. The juxtaposition of popular interest in mentoring and empirical evidence of benefits with the limited reporting of important features of the interventions is seen highlights the importance of more careful and extensive evaluations. Including features to understand testing of selection basis, program organization and features, implementation variations, and theorized processes for effects will greatly improve understanding of this intervention. All are essential to guide effective practice of this popular and very promising approach