Estrategias de combinación de recursos lexicográficos en la adquisición de lenguas extranjeras (en contextos específicos)

En relativamente poco tiempo el mundo lexicográfico ha experimentado cambios radicales respecto a la producción, a la disponibilidad y al uso de los distintos recursos lexicográficos. Han surgido nuevos medios que, aunque no ti enen la búsqueda lexicográfica como primera función, bien pueden servir pa ra este objetivo: buscadores de internet, corpus de textos paralelos, foros electrónicos, medios social es, traductores automáticos, etc. En este contexto se plantean preguntas como qué papel desempeñan los distintos recursos lexicográficos en una búsqueda lexicográfica concreta, cuál es la combinación de ellos y cuál su cronología de uso. Este artículo profun diza en estas preguntas a base de un análisis del comportamiento lexicográfico en cinco leng uas extranjeras diferentes de 62 estudiantes de Administración de Empresas y, de esta manera, determina distintas estrategias de búsqueda

El uso de herramientas lexicográficas ante problemas terminológicos: estrategias de profesores y estudiantes de ELE/EL2

Con el objetivo de contribuir al desarrollo de las estrategias de búsqueda lexicográfica de los estudiantes de español LE/L2, se realizó un estudio empírico para averiguar el uso concreto de recursos lexicográficos por parte tanto de profesores como de estudiantes. Con tal finalidad se observaron y anotaron los recursos usados, el orden de consulta y también las estrategias aplicadas por ambos grupos al realizar una traducción técnica del alemán al español. El análisis de los datos revela que existen pocas diferencias entre las estrategias de ambos grupos de usuarios: si bien los estudiantes realizan un mayor número de consultas y usan más recursos, no necesitan más tiempo que los profesores y además llegan a resultados similares respecto a la corrección de las traducciones. Todo ello apunta a que, antes de entrenar a los estudiantes de ELE en el manejo de recursos lexicográficos, es necesario capacitar al profesorado en su uso

Higgs-regularized three-loop four-gluon amplitude in N=4 SYM: exponentiation and Regge limits

We compute the three-loop contribution to the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills planar four-gluon amplitude using the recently-proposed Higgs IR regulator of Alday, Henn, Plefka, and Schuster. In particular, we test the proposed exponential ansatz for the four-gluon amplitude that is the analog of the BDS ansatz in dimensional regularization. By evaluating our results at a number of kinematic points, and also in several kinematic limits, we establish the validity of this ansatz at the three-loop level. We also examine the Regge limit of the planar four-gluon amplitude using several different IR regulators: dimensional regularization, Higgs regularization, and a cutoff regularization. In the latter two schemes, it is shown that the leading logarithmic (LL) behavior of the amplitudes, and therefore the lowest-order approximation to the gluon Regge trajectory, can be correctly obtained from the ladder approximation of the sum of diagrams. In dimensional regularization, on the other hand, there is no single dominant set of diagrams in the LL approximation. We also compute the NLL and NNLL behavior of the L-loop ladder diagram using Higgs regularization.Comment: 45 pages, 9 figures; v3: major revision (more stringent tests, discussion of order of limits in the Regge regime

GPA Accession: Lessons Learned on the Strengths and Weaknesses of the WTO Government Procurement Agreement

Many member nations of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have joined the Government Procurement Agreement (GPA), a plurilateral agreement which aims to open public procurement markets. Joining the agreement reflects a commitment to international free trade, and to the rule of law in public procurement. A revised version of the GPA entered into force in 2014, and incorporated many amendments intended to make it easier for developing nations join the GPA. Among other things, the revised GPA now allows developing nations acceding to the GPA to open their public procurement markets more slowly, various transitional measures. This article reviews those changes, and discusses possible solutions to some of the practical and legal hurdles which nations face, as they consider accession to the GPA

La variación vertical en terminología: concepto y manifestaciones

El presente artículo trata el tema de la variación vertical en terminología. En primer lugar se presenta esta temática desde un punto de vista teórico y se discuten los conceptos de lenguaje de especialidad y de variación vertical (puntos 2. y 3.). Se muestra que en los dos casos estamos frente a términos poco claros y que el gran número de interpretaciones diferentes dificulta el establecimiento de modelos adecuados.Como solución a este problema se propone anclar tanto el concepto de lenguaje de especialidad como el de variación vertical en el criterio del conocimiento humano. Luego (punto 4.), el artículo aborda la temática de las manifestaciones de la variación vertical y describe, primero (punto 4.1.), las convicciones tradicionales sobre esta cuestión (con el nivel de especialidad aumentaría la tendencia a la monosemia, univocidad, etc. de los términos) para contrastar, seguidamente, estos convencimientos con los resultados de un estudio propio sobre la terminología bursátil en la prensa diaria, cuyos resultados fueron opuestos a ellos (punto 4.2.). En la conclusión (punto 5.) se explicarán estos resultados a la luz de los puntos de partida teóricos

The synergy of damage repair and retention promotes rejuvenation and prolongs healthy lifespans in cell lineages

Damaged proteins are inherited asymmetrically during cell division in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, such that most damage is retained within the mother cell. The consequence is an ageing mother and a rejuvenated daughter cell with full replicative potential. Daughters of old and damaged mothers are however born with increasing levels of damage resulting in lowered replicative lifespans. Remarkably, these prematurely old daughters can give rise to rejuvenated cells with low damage levels and recovered lifespans, called second-degree rejuvenation. We aimed to investigate how damage repair and retention together can promote rejuvenation and at the same time ensure low damage levels in mother cells, reflected in longer health spans. We developed a dynamic model for damage accumulation over successive divisions in individual cells as part of a dynamically growing cell lineage. With detailed knowledge about single-cell dynamics and relationships between all cells in the lineage, we can infer how individual damage repair and retention strategies affect the propagation of damage in the population. We show that damage retention lowers damage levels in the population by reducing the variability across the lineage, and results in larger population sizes. Repairing damage efficiently in early life, as opposed to investing in repair when damage has already accumulated, counteracts accelerated ageing caused by damage retention. It prolongs the health span of individual cells which are moreover less prone to stress. In combination, damage retention and early investment in repair are beneficial for healthy ageing in yeast cell populations

Applied Calibration and Validation Method of Dynamic Process Simulation for Crushing Plants

There is a need within the production industry for digitalization and the development of meaningful functionality for production operation. One such industry is aggregate production, characterized by continuous production operation, where the digital transformation can bring operational adaptability to customer demand. Dynamic process simulations have the ability to capture the change in production performance of aggregate production over time. However, there is a need to develop cost-efficient methodologies to integrate calibrations and validation of models. This paper presents a method of integrating an experimental and data-driven approach for calibration and validation for crushing plant equipment and a process model. The method uses an error minimization optimization formulation to calibrate the equipment models, followed by the validation of the process model. The paper discusses various details such as experimental calibration procedure, applied error functions, optimization problem formulation, and the future development needed to completely realize the procedure for industrial use. The validated simulation model can be used for performing process planning and process optimization activities for the crushing plant’s operation