Integrated sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry

The main goal of pharmaceutical companies is to create and deliver medicines designed to extend or enhance life. However—also being in the business of business—pharmaceutical companies need to grow their bottom lines by investing in business value drivers. This article shows sustainability performance as one of those drivers by demonstrating that: 1) the concept of integrated sustainability is generally understood; and 2) pharmaceutical companies taking action to integrate sustainability are reaping significant business value added. Since there are currently no standardized methods of integrating, measuring, or communicating sustainability, pharmaceutical companies are relying on self-interpretations of voluntary initiatives to successfully integrate sustainability

Notes on the marine algae of the Bermudas. 15. \u3cem\u3eDichotomaria huismanii\u3c/em\u3e (\u3cem\u3eGalaxauraceae\u3c/em\u3e, Rhodophyta), a new species in the \u3cem\u3eD. marginata\u3c/em\u3e complex from the western Atlantic

Using plastid-encoded rbcL and mitochondrial COI-5P sequence data, the species in Bermuda formerly recognized as Dichotomaria marginata was found to be a cryptic species in a wide complex of species all falling under the morphologically broad species concept for this supposed pantropical species. The new species, Dichotomaria huismanii, shows subtle anatomical and morphological differences when compared to D. marginata, and at present is only known from Bermuda. Bermuda specimens were compared with our isolates of D. marginata from St. Croix (Virgin Is.), as well as rbcL sequenced specimens with those from Guadeloupe and Puerto Rico in GenBank as D. marginata. Morphological and molecular characterization of D. marginata is provided along with the new species

Using Molecular-Assisted Alpha Taxonomy to Better Understand Red Algal Biodiversity in Bermuda

Molecular-assisted alpha taxonomy has recently become an effective practice in reassessing biodiversity and floristics for a variety of different organisms. This paper presents a series of examples that have been drawn from biodiversity work being carried out on the marine red algae of Bermuda. Molecular sequencing of DNA from Bermuda samples has already begun to greatly alter the makeup of the flora as it was known just decades ago, and will help set a new database for future comparison as climate change affects species composition in the islands

A molecular-assisted alpha taxonomic study of the genus Centroceras (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) in Bermuda reveals two novel species

When the generitype Centroceras clavulatum, a presumed cosmopolitan warm temperate to tropical red alga, was discovered to have a biogeographic distribution limited to the Pacific Ocean using molecular and morphological evidence, the taxonomy in the genus Centroceras was thrown into chaos worldwide. An analysis of what species was, or were, previously identified as C. clavulatum in Bermuda is the focus of the present molecular (COI-5P, rbcL) and morphological study. Two novel species are proposed, C. arcii sp. nov. and C. illaqueans sp. nov., and the distributions of three taxa recently segregated in the ‘C. clavulatum complex’ of the western Atlantic, C. gasparrinii, C. hyalacanthum, and C. micracanthum, have been expanded to include Bermuda. C. arcii is shown to be morphologically cryptic with C. micracanthum, and remains best distinguished by its COI-5P barcode sequence

Batch flowsheet test for a GANEX-type process: the CHALMEX FS-13 process

The Chalmers grouped actinide extraction (CHALMEX) process is focused on the co-separation of actinides from all other elements in spent nuclear fuel solution, with the ultimate purpose of transmuting the actinides into shorter-lived and less radiotoxic elements. Based on solvent extraction equilibrium distribution data of actinides and fission products, a preliminary flowsheet was developed and tested in batch mode. The flowsheet consists of one extraction step with the CHALMEX FS-13 solvent (25\ua0mM CyMe4-BTBP in 30% v/v TBP and 70% v/v FS-13), using hydrophilic masking agents (20\ua0mM bimet and 0.2\ua0M mannitol) in the aqueous phase for the complexation of troublesome fission products. Two nitric acid scrub steps (0.5\ua0M HNO3) were efficient in removing co-extracted acid, all molybdenum and the majority of silver. Two stripping stages (0.5\ua0M glycolic acid at pH 4) were efficient in recovery of the actinides from the organic phase. The need for a solvent clean-up stage for the removal of nickel, cadmium, iron and the remaining silver from the organic phase was demonstrated. Based on the distribution data, it was calculated that a 99.9% recovery of americium is possible using only 3 ideal extraction stages, 3 ideal scrubbing stages and 2 ideal stripping stages

A Molecular-Assisted Alpha Taxonomic Study of the Genus \u3cem\u3eCentroceras\u3c/em\u3e (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) in Bermuda Reveals Two Novel Species

When the generitype Centroceras clavulatum, a presumed cosmopolitan warm temperate to tropical red alga, was discovered to have a biogeographic distribution limited to the Pacific Ocean using molecular and morphological evidence, the taxonomy in the genus Centroceras was thrown into chaos worldwide. An analysis of what species was, or were, previously identified as C. clavulatum in Bermuda is the focus of the present molecular (COI-5P, rbcL) and morphological study. Two novel species are proposed, C. arcii sp. nov. and C. illaqueans sp. nov., and the distributions of three taxa recently segregated in the \u27C. clavulatum complex\u27 of the western Atlantic, C. gasparrinii, C. hyalacanthum, and C. micracanthum, have been expanded to include Bermuda. C. arcii is shown to be morphologically cryptic with C. micracanthum, and remains best distinguished by its COI-5P barcode sequence

Batch Tests for Optimisation of Solvent Composition and Process Flexibility of the CHALMEX FS-13 Process

Studies have been performed with the purpose of determining the optimal solvent composition of a Chalmers grouped actinide extraction (CHALMEX) solvent for the selective co-extraction of transuranic elements in a novel Grouped ActiNide EXtraction (GANEX) process. The solvent is composed of 6,6’-bis(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-benzo-[1,2,4]-triazin-3-yl)-[2,2’]-bipyridine (CyMe4-BTBP) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) in phenyl trifluoromethyl sulfone (FS-13). The performance of the system has been shown to significantly depend on the ratios of the two extracting agents and the diluent to one another. Furthermore, the performance of the determined optimal solvent (10\ua0mM CyMe4-BTBP in 30% v/v TBP and 70% v/v FS-13) on various simulated PUREX raffinate solutions was tested. It was found that the solvent extracts all transuranic elements with high efficiency and good selectivity with regard to most other elements (fission products/activation products) present in the simulated PUREX raffinate solutions. Moreover, the solvent was found to extract a significant amount of acid. Palladium, silver, and cadmium were co-extracted along with the TRU-radionuclides, which has also been observed in other similar CHALMEX systems. The extraction of plutonium and uranium was preserved for all tested simulated PUREX raffinate solutions compared to experiments using trace amounts

Gjenvekst av krypsiv etter tiltak, og effekter av kalking på krypsiv i Otra ved Rysstad – oppdatert status 2022

Prosjektleder: Susanne C. SchneiderOtra ved Rysstad har i lang tid hatt utfordringer med massevekst av krypsiv. Mekanisk fjerning av krypsiv i utvalgte områder der plantene er til særlig sjenanse for fiske og bading blir sett på som det mest praktiske tiltaket, men det er ukjent hvor raskt krypsivet kommer tilbake etter tiltak. I tillegg er Otra ved Rysstad blitt kalket siden april 2021, og det er blitt uttrykt bekymring for at kalkingen kan føre til ytterlige vekst av krypsiv. Kartlegging av krypsiv i august 2022, det vil si cirka to år etter at krypsiv ble fjernet i et utvalgt område og ett år og 4 mnd. etter at kalkingen startet, viser at (1) to år etter tiltaket var krypsivbiomassen tilbake på omtrent samme nivå som før; og (2) kalkingen har hittil ikke hatt målbar effekt på dekningsgrad eller plantelengde av krypsiv, men førte til en markant økning i forekomst av flotgras, tjønnaks og tusenblad i Rysstadbassenget.Krypsiv på SørlandetpublishedVersio