881 research outputs found
Talking about dying and death: Essentials of communicating about approaching death from the perspective of major stakeholders.
OBJECTIVES
Although caring for dying patients and their family caregivers (FC) is integral to patient care, training in communication about approaching death is almost inexistent in medical and nursing curricula. Consequently, many health professionals have insufficient knowledge about conducting these conversations. In order to gain a broader insight into essential aspects of this communication from different perspectives, we conducted focus groups with key stakeholders.
METHODS
Medical specialists, nurses, medical students, bereaved FC and patient representatives participated in five focus groups (n = 30). Following a focus group schedule, we elicited relevant aspects of communication about approaching death, associated emotions, and appropriate communication frameworks. We analyzed data thematically.
RESULTS
Four main themes were central to conversations about approaching death: (1) embracing care within medical expertise, (2) preparing the conversation while remaining open to the unexpected, (3) recognizing and reflecting on own emotions and reactions, and (4) establishing a meaningful connection with others.
SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS
Communicating about approaching death with dying patients and their FC can be complex and challenging at a professional and personal level. With the recognition of the dying phase, a process is initiated for which health professionals need solid clinical knowledge about but also effective communication skills, constant self-reflection and self-care strategies. Comprehensive training and supervision while dealing with the challenges of communicating approaching death to dying patients and their FC are key, particularly for trainees, less experienced physicians and nurses. The essential components identified in this study can help health professionals to master these conversations
Горизонтальные классификаторы. Основы теории и расчета: моногр.
Приведены технологические схемы получения строительных песков при
гидромеханизированной добыче, основные конструктивные схемы классификаторов,
используемых при получении строительных песков. Особое внимание уделено изучению
процесса взаимодействия проточной части горизонтального классификатора с
совокупностью твердых частиц, расположенных в горизонтальном ускоренном потоке
несущей среды. Выполнено математическое моделирование ускоренного движения
горизонтального потока и твердых частиц в пределах разнонаклонных поверхностей
горизонтального классификатора. Экспериментально изучено гравитационное осаждение
твердых частиц, рассмотренное в виде вертикальной и горизонтальной составляющих, а
также влияние стесненности движения и перемещения твердых частиц относительно
несущего горизонтального потока.
Приведена методика расчета и выбора параметров классификаторов, информация об
опыте проектирования и внедрения горизонтальных классификаторов в составе добычных
комплексов при освоении обводненных месторождений песков.
Монография может быть полезна студентам, инженерно-техническим работникам,
сотрудникам высших учебных заведений, научно-исследовательских институтов и
проектных организаций горной промышленности
The MINERA Data Acquisition System and Infrastructure
MINERA (Main INjector ExpeRiment -A) is a new few-GeV neutrino
cross section experiment that began taking data in the FNAL NuMI (Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory Neutrinos at the Main Injector) beam-line in
March of 2010. MINERA employs a fine-grained scintillator detector capable
of complete kinematic characterization of neutrino interactions. This paper
describes the MINERA data acquisition system (DAQ) including the read-out
electronics, software, and computing architecture.Comment: 34 pages, 16 figure
First evidence of coherent meson production in neutrino-nucleus scattering
Neutrino-induced charged-current coherent kaon production,
, is a rare, inelastic electroweak process
that brings a on shell and leaves the target nucleus intact in its ground
state. This process is significantly lower in rate than neutrino-induced
charged-current coherent pion production, because of Cabibbo suppression and a
kinematic suppression due to the larger kaon mass. We search for such events in
the scintillator tracker of MINERvA by observing the final state ,
and no other detector activity, and by using the kinematics of the final state
particles to reconstruct the small momentum transfer to the nucleus, which is a
model-independent characteristic of coherent scattering. We find the first
experimental evidence for the process at significance.Comment: added ancillary file with information about the six kaon candidate
Single neutral pion production by charged-current interactions on hydrocarbon at 3.6 GeV
Single neutral pion production via muon antineutrino charged-current
interactions in plastic scintillator (CH) is studied using the \minerva
detector exposed to the NuMI low-energy, wideband antineutrino beam at
Fermilab. Measurement of this process constrains models of neutral pion
production in nuclei, which is important because the neutral-current analog is
a background for appearance oscillation experiments. The
differential cross sections for momentum and production angle, for
events with a single observed and no charged pions, are presented and
compared to model predictions. These results comprise the first measurement of
the kinematics for this process.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Physics Letters
Measurement of Partonic Nuclear Effects in Deep-Inelastic Neutrino Scattering using MINERvA
The MINERvA collaboration reports a novel study of neutrino-nucleus
charged-current deep inelastic scattering (DIS) using the same neutrino beam
incident on targets of polystyrene, graphite, iron, and lead. Results are
presented as ratios of C, Fe, and Pb to CH. The ratios of total DIS cross
sections as a function of neutrino energy and flux-integrated differential
cross sections as a function of the Bjorken scaling variable x are presented in
the neutrino-energy range of 5 - 50 GeV. Good agreement is found between the
data and predicted ratios, based on charged-lepton nucleus scattering, at
medium x and low neutrino energies. However, the data rate appears depleted in
the vicinity of the nuclear shadowing region, x < 0.1. This apparent deficit,
reflected in the DIS cross-section ratio at high neutrino energy , is
consistent with previous MINERvA observations and with the predicted onset of
nuclear shadowing with the the axial-vector current in neutrino scattering
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