50 research outputs found
Enhancing Light-Atom Interactions via Atomic Bunching
There is a broad interest in enhancing the strength of light-atom
interactions to the point where injecting a single photon induces a nonlinear
material response. Here, we show theoretically that sub-Doppler-cooled,
two-level atoms that are spatially organized by weak optical fields give rise
to a nonlinear material response that is greatly enhanced beyond that
attainable in a homogeneous gas. Specifically, in the regime where the
intensity of the applied optical fields is much less than the off-resonant
saturation intensity, we show that the third-order nonlinear susceptibility
scales inversely with atomic temperature and, due to this scaling, can be two
orders of magnitude larger than that of a homogeneous gas for typical
experimental parameters. As a result, we predict that spatially bunched
two-level atoms can exhibit single-photon nonlinearities. Our model is valid
for all atomic temperature regimes and simultaneously accounts for the
back-action of the atoms on the optical fields. Our results agree with previous
theoretical and experimental results for light-atom interactions that have
considered only a limited range of temperatures. For lattice beams tuned to the
low-frequency side of the atomic transition, we find that the nonlinearity
transitions from a self-focusing type to a self-defocusing type at a critical
intensity. We also show that higher than third-order nonlinear optical
susceptibilities are significant in the regime where the dipole potential
energy is on the order of the atomic thermal energy. We therefore find that it
is crucial to retain high-order nonlinearities to accurately predict
interactions of laser fields with spatially organized ultracold atoms. The
model presented here is a foundation for modeling low-light-level nonlinear
optical processes for ultracold atoms in optical lattices
A survey of flooding, gossip routing, and related schemes for wireless multi- hop networks
Flooding is an essential and critical service in computer networks that is
used by many routing protocols to send packets from a source to all nodes in
the network. As the packets are forwarded once by each receiving node, many
copies of the same packet traverse the network which leads to high redundancy
and unnecessary usage of the sparse capacity of the transmission medium.
Gossip routing is a well-known approach to improve the flooding in wireless
multi-hop networks. Each node has a forwarding probability p that is either
statically per-configured or determined by information that is available at
runtime, e.g, the node degree. When a packet is received, the node selects a
random number r. If the number r is below p, the packet is forwarded and
otherwise, in the most simple gossip routing protocol, dropped. With this
approach the redundancy can be reduced while at the same time the reachability
is preserved if the value of the parameter p (and others) is chosen with
consideration of the network topology. This technical report gives an overview
of the relevant publications in the research domain of gossip routing and
gives an insight in the improvements that can be achieved. We discuss the
simulation setups and results of gossip routing protocols as well as further
improved flooding schemes. The three most important metrics in this
application domain are elaborated: reachability, redundancy, and management
overhead. The published studies used simulation environments for their
research and thus the assumptions, models, and parameters of the simulations
are discussed and the feasibility of an application for real world wireless
networks are highlighted. Wireless mesh networks based on IEEE 802.11 are the
focus of this survey but publications about other network types and
technologies are also included. As percolation theory, epidemiological models,
and delay tolerant networks are often referred as foundation, inspiration, or
application of gossip routing in wireless networks, a brief introduction to
each research domain is included and the applicability of the particular
models for the gossip routing is discussed
Intelligente Vernetzung zur autonomen FrÀsbearbeitung von Strukturbauteilen - Ergebnisbericht des BMBF Verbundprojektes TensorMill
Digitalisierte Prozesse können zukĂŒnftig zu einer intelligenten Fertigung beitragen, um den Herausforderungen einer intelligent vernetzten, autonomen Fertigung von sicherheitsrelevanten Integralbauteilen zu begegnen. Die Herausforderungen hierbei liegen insbesondere in der Aufzeichnung und Extraktion von nutzerrelevanten Daten zur Steigerung der ProduktivitĂ€t bei der Fertigung von sicherheitsrelevanten Integralbauteilen fĂŒr die Luft- und Raumfahrtbranche. An diesem Punkt hat das Verbundforschungsprojekt âTensorMillâ angesetzt. Ziel des Projekts war es, die ProduktivitĂ€t in der spanenden Fertigung sicherheitsrelevanter Integralbauteile durch die Entwicklung und den Aufbau einer intelligent, vernetzten, autonomen Fertigung zu erhöhen und die Prozesssicherheit zu verbessern. Die intelligente Fertigung soll dabei in der Lage sein, auf möglichst viele Situationen im Fertigungsprozess mit Hilfe von kĂŒnstlicher Intelligenz (KI) zu reagieren. FĂŒr die Implementierung der KI-basierten Lösungen sind im Projekt fortschrittliche Methoden und Vorgehensweisen entstanden, welche es ermöglichen, die Daten von Produktionsmitteln in einer einfachen Form nutzbar zu machen, damit diese einen Mehrwert fĂŒr Hersteller und Anwender bringen. Die aufbereiteten Daten dienten schlieĂlich der Umsetzung von KI-basierten Lösungen zur prozessparallelen QualitĂ€tsprognose und Werkzeugzustandserkennung. DarĂŒber hinaus wurde ein entwickeltes cyber-physisches Spannsystem entwickelt, um neuartige AnsĂ€tze zur AbdrĂ€ngungskompensation und Echtzeitbewertung der ProzessstabilitĂ€t zu erforschen