Multiple mRNA isoforms of the transcription activator protein CREB

We have characterized cDNA clones representing mouse CREB (cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein) mRNA isoforms. These include CREBA and CREBa, of which the rat and human homologues have been previously identified. Both encode proteins with CREbinding activity and identical transactivation potential. The additional CREB mRNA isoforms potentially encode CREB related proteins. From the structural organization of the mouse CREB gene we conclude that the multiple transcripts are generated by alternative splicing. Furthermore we show that specific CREB mRNA isoforms are expressed at a high level in the adult testis. Expression of these isoforms is induced after commencement of spermatogenesis. In situ hybridization suggests that this expression occurs predominantly in the primary spermatocytes. Comparison of the CREB gene with the recently isolated CREM (cAMP responsive element modulator) cDNAs illustrates that the two genes have arisen by gene duplication and have diverged to encode transcriptional activators and repressors of the cAMP signal transduction pathway

Légköri aeroszol vízoldható szerves alkotóinak kémiai jellemzése = Chemical characterization of water Soluble Components of the Atmospheric Aerosol

1. Az atmoszférikus aeroszolban előforduló vízoldható szerves komponensek (WSOC) felületaktivitásának polarográfiás vizsgálata - Az ún. finom aeroszol frakció WSOC anyagai eltérő, évszakok szerint változó polarográfiás maximumelnyomó hatást mutattak. - Polarográfiás maximumelnyomás vizsgálatára vonatkozó kísérleteink megerősítették a feltevést, miszerint, az aeroszol oldott szerves anyaga felületaktivitással bír. - Modellvegyületekkel végzett kísérleteink igazolták, hogy a legintenzívebb maximumelnyomó vegyületek a fulvósavakhoz hasonló szerkezettel rendelkezhetnek. A WSOC komponensek között tehát valószínűsíthető huminszerű anyagok (HULIS) előfordulása. 2. A WSOC fémmegkötő kapacitásának és a fém – WSOC komplex stabilitási állandójának meghatározása - Stripping voltammetriás módszert dolgoztunk ki a Cu(II)-WSOC komplexek egyensúlyi állandójának és a WSOC komplexképző kapacitását meghatározására. - Eredményeink szerint az aeroszol WSOC egyes komponensei pH 7.8 oldatban az ismert kelátképző vegyületekhez (pl. EDTA) hasonló erősséggel kötik meg a Cu(II)-ionokat (logK ~ 16). - A WSOC látszólagos komplexképző kapacitását pH 7.8 oldatban 6.6 – 39 nmol Cu(II) / mgC-nek találtuk. Ezen kapacitásértékek nagyságrendileg összevethetőek az esővízben, illetve felszíni vizekben mért irodalmi adatokkal. | 1. Polarographic study of the surface activity of the water soluble organic components (WSOC) of the atmospheric aerosols. - The WSOC components of the so called fine aerosol fraction showed a well defined reproducible suppression activity of the poarographic current maxima. - A study of the effect of maximum suppression proved the hypothesis concerning the surface activity of the WSOC components which plays an important role in the formation of the cloud condensation nuclei and the rain drops. - Study of the maximum suppression effect of several model compounds revealed that the most efficient maximum suppressors are structurally similar to the fulvic acid. Consequently, the occurrence of humic like substances (HULIS) among the WSOC components is very likely. 2. Determination of the metal binding capacity of the WSOC and the apparent binding constant of the metal – WSOC associates. - A stripping voltammetric method was developed for the determination of the binding constant of the Cu(II) – WSOC associates and for the Cu(II) complexing capacity of the WSOC. - Results (obtained at pH=7.8) indicate that certain components of the WSOC bind the metal almost as strongly (logK ~ 16) as the common complexing ligands like e.g. the EDTA. - The apparent complexing capacity of the WSOC (at pH=7.8) changed from 6.6 – 39 nmol Cu/mgC. These capacity values are well compared with the published complexing capacity data obtained for rain and surface waters

Book Reviews

Studi linguistici in onore di Roberto Gusmani. 3 vols. A cura di Raffaella Bombi, Guido Cifoletti, Fabiana Fusco, Lucia Innocente, Vincenzo Orioles. XLVI, VIII, VIII, 1866 pp. Alessandria, Edizioni dell’Orso, 2006. Gábor Tolcsvai Nagy: A cognitive theory of style (Metalinguistica 17). Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main, 2005. pp 162. Eugeniusz Cyran: Complexity scales and licensing in phonology (Studies in Generative Grammar 105). De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin & New York, 2010. xii + 311 pp. Donald W. Peckham: Noticing and instruction in second language acquisition: A study of Hungarian learners of English. Papers in English & American Studies XVI. Monograph Series 6. JATEPress, Szegedi Egyetemi Kiadó, Szeged, 2009. 155 pp. Shigeru Miyagawa: Why agree? Why move? Unifying agreement-based and discourse configurational languages. Linguistic Inquiry Monograph 54. The MIT Press, Cambridge MA, 2010. xiii + 183 pp

Prospectus, April 25, 2007

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_2007/1011/thumbnail.jp

Efectos de la Nominalización de la Política Monetaria en Chile

The Central Bank of Chile replaced its monetary policy instrument in August 2001, shifting from a monetary policy rate (MPR) linked to an indexed unit of account (UF, defined by the lagged CPI) to a nominal MPR denominated in pesos. This policy change was complemented with a significant change in the Central Bank’s liability structure, from short and medium-term indexed debt to nominal peso debt. This paper analyses, both conceptually and empirically, the main effects of MPR nominalization on financial markets and the conduct and effectiveness of monetary policy. As opposed to previous studies on this subject, this paper concludes that the main advantage of nominalization was a widening of monetary policy options, precluding critical situations in the conduct of monetary policy that would have occurred at low MPR levels under the previous scheme of indexed MPRs.

Fluctuation-dissipation theorem in an aging colloidal glass

We provide a direct experimental test of the Stokes-Einstein relation as a special case of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) in an aging colloidal glass. The use of combined active and passive microrheology allows us to independently measure both the correlation and response functions in this non-equilibrium situation. Contrary to previous reports, we find no deviations from the FDT over several decades in frequency (1 Hz-10 kHz) and for all aging times. In addition, we find two distinct viscoelastic contributions in the aging glass, including a nearly elastic response at low frequencies that grows during aging. This is the clearest change in material properties of the system with aging.Comment: 5 pages,4 figure

Prospectus, January 17, 2007

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_2007/1000/thumbnail.jp