2,268 research outputs found
Non-Schlesinger Deformations of Ordinary Differential Equations with Rational Coefficients
We consider deformations of and matrix linear ODEs with
rational coefficients with respect to singular points of Fuchsian type which
don't satisfy the well-known system of Schlesinger equations (or its natural
generalization). Some general statements concerning reducibility of such
deformations for ODEs are proved. An explicit example of the general
non-Schlesinger deformation of -matrix ODE of the Fuchsian type with
4 singular points is constructed and application of such deformations to the
construction of special solutions of the corresponding Schlesinger systems is
discussed. Some examples of isomonodromy and non-isomonodromy deformations of
matrix ODEs are considered. The latter arise as the compatibility
conditions with linear ODEs with non-singlevalued coefficients.Comment: 15 pages, to appear in J. Phys.
Non-Fermi liquid behavior of SrRuO_3 -- evidence from infrared conductivity
The reflectivity of the itinerant ferromagnet SrRuO_3 has been measured
between 50 and 25,000 cm-1 at temperatures ranging from 40 to 300 K, and used
to obtain conductivity, scattering rate, and effective mass as a function of
frequency and temperature. We find that at low temperatures the conductivity
falls unusually slowly as a function of frequency (proportional to
\omega^{-1/2}), and at high temperatures it even appears to increase as a
function of frequency in the far-infrared limit. The data suggest that the
charge dynamics of SrRuO_3 are substantially different from those of
Fermi-liquid metals.Comment: 4 pages, 3 postscript figure
Resonance Raman and FTIR spectroscopic characterization of the closed and open states of channelrhodopsin-1.
Channelrhodopsin-1 from Chlamydomonas augustae (CaChR1) is a light-activated cation channel, which is a promising optogenetic tool. We show by resonance Raman spectroscopy and retinal extraction followed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) that the isomeric ratio of all-trans to 13-cis of solubilized channelrhodopsin-1 is with 70:30 identical to channelrhodopsin-2 from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CrChR2). Critical frequency shifts in the retinal vibrations are identified in the Raman spectrum upon transition to the open (conductive P2(380)) state. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra indicate different structures of the open states in the two channelrhodopsins as reflected by the amide I bands and the protonation pattern of acidic amino acids
5Regulation of myogenesis via kinase driven activation of DPF3a, a BAF complex member and its interaction with transcription repressor HEY1
PO and ID BCG vaccination in humans induce distinct mucosal and systemic immune responses and CD4(+) T cell transcriptomal molecular signatures.
Protective efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) may be affected by the methods and routes of vaccine administration. We have studied the safety and immunogenicity of oral (PO) and/or intradermal (ID) administration of BCG in healthy human subjects. No major safety concerns were detected in the 68 healthy adults vaccinated with PO and/or ID BCG. Although both PO and ID BCG could induce systemic Th1 responses capable of IFN-γ production, ID BCG more strongly induced systemic Th1 responses. In contrast, stronger mucosal responses (TB-specific secretory IgA and bronchoalveolar lavage T cells) were induced by PO BCG vaccination. To generate preliminary data comparing the early gene signatures induced by mucosal and systemic BCG vaccination, CD4(+) memory T cells were isolated from subsets of BCG vaccinated subjects pre- (Day 0) and post-vaccination (Days 7 and 56), rested or stimulated with BCG infected dendritic cells, and then studied by Illumina BeadArray transcriptomal analysis. Notably, distinct gene expression profiles were identified both on Day 7 and Day 56 comparing the PO and ID BCG vaccinated groups by GSEA analysis. Future correlation analyses between specific gene expression patterns and distinct mucosal and systemic immune responses induced will be highly informative for TB vaccine development.Mucosal Immunology advance online publication 30 August 2017; doi:10.1038/mi.2017.67
Complexity of Discrete Energy Minimization Problems
Discrete energy minimization is widely-used in computer vision and machine
learning for problems such as MAP inference in graphical models. The problem,
in general, is notoriously intractable, and finding the global optimal solution
is known to be NP-hard. However, is it possible to approximate this problem
with a reasonable ratio bound on the solution quality in polynomial time? We
show in this paper that the answer is no. Specifically, we show that general
energy minimization, even in the 2-label pairwise case, and planar energy
minimization with three or more labels are exp-APX-complete. This finding rules
out the existence of any approximation algorithm with a sub-exponential
approximation ratio in the input size for these two problems, including
constant factor approximations. Moreover, we collect and review the
computational complexity of several subclass problems and arrange them on a
complexity scale consisting of three major complexity classes -- PO, APX, and
exp-APX, corresponding to problems that are solvable, approximable, and
inapproximable in polynomial time. Problems in the first two complexity classes
can serve as alternative tractable formulations to the inapproximable ones.
This paper can help vision researchers to select an appropriate model for an
application or guide them in designing new algorithms.Comment: ECCV'16 accepte
Measuring the vertical age structure of the Galactic disc using asteroseismology and SAGA
The existence of a vertical age gradient in the Milky Way disc has been
indirectly known for long. Here, we measure it directly for the first time with
seismic ages, using red giants observed by Kepler. We use Stroemgren photometry
to gauge the selection function of asteroseismic targets, and derive colour and
magnitude limits where giants with measured oscillations are representative of
the underlying population in the field. Limits in the 2MASS system are also
derived. We lay out a method to assess and correct for target selection effects
independent of Galaxy models. We find that low mass, i.e. old red giants
dominate at increasing Galactic heights, whereas closer to the Galactic plane
they exhibit a wide range of ages and metallicities. Parametrizing this as a
vertical gradient returns approximately 4 Gyr/kpc for the disc we probe,
although with a large dispersion of ages at all heights. The ages of stars show
a smooth distribution over the last 10 Gyr, consistent with a mostly quiescent
evolution for the Milky Way disc since a redshift of about 2. We also find a
flat age-metallicity relation for disc stars. Finally, we show how to use
secondary clump stars to estimate the present-day intrinsic metallicity spread,
and suggest using their number count as a new proxy for tracing the ageing of
the disc. This work highlights the power of asteroseismology for Galactic
studies; however, we also emphasize the need for better constraints on stellar
mass-loss, which is a major source of systematic age uncertainties in red giant
stars.Comment: MNRAS, accepted. SAGA website and data at
http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/saga/data_access.htm
A Vertex Correction in the Gap Equation for the High Temperature Superconductors
We show that the Migdal theorem is obviously violated in the high Tc cuprates
and the vertex correction should be included, in particular, in the gap
equation, in order to be consistent with the anomalously strong inelastic
scattering in the ``hot spots'', which is observed from the various normal
state experiments. The vertex correction is obtained by utilizing the
generalized Ward identity, which is shown to hold in the important scattering
channel for the pairing interaction in the high Tc cuprates. As a result, we
find a strong enhancement of Tc from the vertex correction despite of the
strong pair breaking effect due to the inelastic scattering.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Elastic properties of FeSi
Measurements of the sound velocities in a single crystal of FeSi were
performed in the temperature range 4-300 K. Elastic constants and
deviate from a quasiharmonic behavior at high temperature; whereas,
increases anomalously in the entire range of temperature, indicating a
change in the electron structure of this materia
The Kondo Dynamics of YbIn(1-x)AgxCu4
We present an infrared/optical study of the dynamics of the strongly
correlated electron system YbIn(1-x)AgxCu4 as a function of doping and
temperature for x ranging from 0 to 1, and T between 20 and 300 K. This study
reveals information about the unusual phase transition as well as the phases
themselves. Scaling relations emerge from the data and are investigated in
detail using a periodic Anderson model based calculation. We also provide a
picture in which to view both the low and high-energy x-dependent features of
the infrared data, including identification of high energy, temperature
dependent features.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, submitted Phys. Rev.
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