Machine Learning Line Bundle Cohomologies of Hypersurfaces in Toric Varieties

Different techniques from machine learning are applied to the problem of computing line bundle cohomologies of (hypersurfaces in) toric varieties. While a naive approach of training a neural network to reproduce the cohomologies fails in the general case, by inspecting the underlying functional form of the data we propose a second approach. The cohomologies depend in a piecewise polynomial way on the line bundle charges. We use unsupervised learning to separate the different polynomial phases. The result is an analytic formula for the cohomologies. This can be turned into an algorithm for computing analytic expressions for arbitrary (hypersurfaces in) toric varieties.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables; typos corrected, reference added, clarifications adde

The Refined Swampland Distance Conjecture in Calabi-Yau Moduli Spaces

The Swampland Distance Conjecture claims that effective theories derived from a consistent theory of quantum gravity only have a finite range of validity. This will imply drastic consequences for string theory model building. The refined version of this conjecture says that this range is of the order of the naturally built in scale, namely the Planck scale. It is investigated whether the Refined Swampland Distance Conjecture is consistent with proper field distances arising in the well understood moduli spaces of Calabi-Yau compactification. Investigating in particular the non-geometric phases of Kahler moduli spaces of dimension $h^{11}\in\{1,2,101\}$, we always found proper field distances that are smaller than the Planck-length.Comment: 71 pages, 11 figures, v2: refs added, typos correcte

Towards a business and production engineering concept for individual beer brewing applying digitalization methodologies

Individualization is a common trend in many fields of production across the industries. Also in the food sector, significant changes can be observed. For many products, individual offerings towards the customer are meanwhile either mandatory or at least help to increase the sales and revenue. Somehow, individual product design and production contradicts scaling effects, which are especially important for food production. On the other hand, as digitalization is implemented in a fairly limited way in the food sector, currently great chances can be observed to build a unique selling proposition and consequently gain market share by implementing appropriate measures to enable a digital food factory. This is where the proposed idea comes into the game. The starting point is the idea to produce individually developed beer and ship it to the individual customer. The beer can be designed on a web page based on typical parameters, like beer type, bitterness, colour, or alcohol concentration. In an expert mode, individual beer creations may be thoughtful, allowing the creation of completely individual recipes (for sure, not guaranteeing the customer a perfect drinking experience). In any way, the data from the web page is directly fed to the brewing equipment in the brewing facility. There, using newly to be developed specialized machines, the individually ordered beer will be produced automatically. In this paper we discuss the individual challenges at each point in the production cycles and propose solutions to those

Computational methods in string theory and applications to the swampland conjectures

The goal of the swampland program is the classification of low energy effective theories which can be consistently coupled to quantum gravity. Due to the vastness of the string landscape most results of the swampland program are still conjectures, yet the web of conjectures is ever growing and many interdependencies between different conjectures are known. A better understanding or even proof of these conjectures would result in restrictions on the allowed effective theories. The aim of this thesis is to develop the necessary mathematical tools to explicitly test the conjectures in a string theory setup. To this end the periods of Calabi-Yau manifolds are computed numerically as well as analytically. Furthermore, tools applicable to general string phenomenological models are discussed, including the computation of target space Calabi-Yau metrics, line bundle cohomologies and Strebel differentials. These periods are used to test two conjectures, the refined swampland distance conjecture as well as the dS conjecture. The first states that an effective field theory is only valid up to a certain value of field excursions. If larger field values are included, the effective description breaks down due to an infinite tower of states becoming exponentially light. The conjecture is tested explicitly by computing the distances in the moduli space of CY manifolds. Challenging this conjecture requires the computation of the periods of different Calabi-Yau spaces. The dS conjecture on the other hand forbids vacua with positive cosmological constant. To test this conjecture, the KKLT construction is examined in detail and some steps of the construction are carried out explicitly. Moreover, the validity of the assumed effective theory in a warped throat is investigated. Besides these traditional approaches more exotic ones are followed, including the construction of dS theories using tachyons as well as modifying the signature of space time.Das Ziel des Swampland Programms ist die Klassifizierung effektiver, zu Quantengravitationstheorien vervollständigbarer Theorien. Aufgrund der enormen Anzahl an möglichen Stringvacua, zusammengefasst in der sogenannten Stringlandschaft, sind die meisten der bisherigen Resultate des Programms Vermutungen. Jedoch existiert ein beständig wachsendes dichtes Netz aus Abhängigkeiten zwischen diesen Vermutungen. Ein besseres Verständnis oder ein Beweis dieser Vermutungen würde die erlaubten Niederenergietheorien einschränken. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist deshalb die Entwicklung mathematischer Methoden, die explizite Tests der Swampland Vermutungen in stringtheoretischen Modellen ermöglichen. Insbesondere werden Perioden von Calabi-Yau Mannigfaltigkeiten auf numerischem und analytischem Weg berechnet. Darüber hinaus werden Methoden zur Berechnung von Calabi-Yau Metriken, Linienbündelkohomologien und Strebeldifferentialen behandelt. Diese werden zur Überprüfung zweier Vermutungen eingesetzt, zum Test der Swampland Distanzvermutung sowie zum Test der dS Vermutung. Erstere besagt, dass eine effektive Theorie nur bis zu bestimmten Feldwerten gültig sein kann. Werden diese überschritten werden unendlich viele nicht berücksichtigte Zustände exponentiell leicht und die verwendete effektive Beschreibung bricht zusammen. Diese Vermutung wird durch eine explizite Berechnung von Distanzen zwischen effektiven Theorien in Calabi-Yau Moduliräumen getestet. Die dS Vermutung verbietet hingegen stabile Vacua mit positiver kosmologischer Konstante. Um diese Vermutung zu überprüfen, wird ein Teil der KKLT-Konstruktion explizit durchgeführt. Darüber hinaus wird die Validität der zugrundeliegenden effektiven Theorie in einem warped throat analysiert. Neben diesen traditionellen Herangehensweisen werden exotischere Ansätze für die Konstruktion von dS Räumen untersucht. Dies umfasst Tachyonenkondensation sowie andere Raumzeitsignaturen

KONFERENCIJA SOCIJALNE: TEHNIKA KONFERENCIJA S MLADIM PRIJESTUPNICIMA U AUSTRIJSKOJ PROBACIJI

From the year 2012, the Social Work Service in Austria introduced a new technique for working in the field of probation services. Subsequently, the Federal Ministry of Justice approved the funds necessary for the technique of "conferencing" to be applied in the probation services of Vienna, Upper Austria, Styria and Carinthia. Austrian social workers developed this new technique on the basis of the Family Group Conferencing technique used in Australia and adapted it to the needs of restorative justice. When applied to restorative justice, this technique, originally developed for families, is grounded in the idea that not only do social networks have the potential to resolve a problem, but also, and more importantly, to give the participants access and help they needed in the first place. The most important change that this type of conferencing introduces is the fact that the elements of social control are shared by all participants in the process, and are not exerted by only one participant, usually the strongest.Od 2012. godine socijalni rad u Austriji uveo je novu tehniku rada na području probacijskih servisa. Tada je Savezno ministarstvo pravosuđa odobrilo sredstva da se tehnika konferencija (eng. conferencing) počne primjenjivati u probacijskim servisima Beča, Gornje Austrije, Štajerske i Koruške. Austrijski socijalni radnici razvili su ovu novu tehniku na temeljima tehnike Family Group Conferencing razvijenu u Australiji, ali su tehniku prilagodili potrebama restorativne pravde. Osnovna ideja ove tehnike koja je izvorno razvijena za obitelji, primijenjena u restorativnoj pravdi je u tome da socijalne mreže nisu samo nešto što ima potencijala za razrješavanje problema, nego, što je još mnogo važnije, imaju pristupe potrebama sudionika i mogućnosti da pomognu onima kojima je ta pomoć potrebna. Ono što je najvažnija novina ovog tipa konferencija jest činjenica da se elementi socijalne kontrole raspodijele po svim sudionicima u procesu, a ne ostaju samo u području jednoga, obično najjačeg

The Impact of Societal Perceptions of ADHD

What are the implications and impacts of the opinions and stigma of ADHD? How does the societal perception of ADHD impact medical treatment and treatment outcomes, and how does it impact the overall experience of those with ADHD? The existing literature on the topic of ADHD perception discusses studies which highlight barriers to the recognition of ADHD, specifically due to misconceptions and lack of education or resources. There is little discussion in literature of counseling as treatment or co-treatment for ADHD, or discussion of the involvement of healthcare professionals such as nurses and pharmacists. Additionally, the treatment of ADHD by healthcare providers, the impact of having ADHD, and the impact of treatment, are under researched areas. Across five studies, evidence was found that there is significant negative perception and stigma toward ADHD, differently experienced than the stigma of other mental illnesses, such as depression. There is evidence that teachers and caregivers play a large role in the recognition of ADHD and access to treatment. A conclusion that the societal perception of ADHD impacts medical outcomes and life experience for ADHD patients may be drawn from these pieces of data. My research consisted of 13 qualitative interviews of 4 adults with ADHD and 9 without ADHD, of various occupations. These interviews explored personal experiences, understanding, and feelings regarding ADHD. Data gathered within this study is somewhat consistent with current knowledge while illuminating otherwise under-studied aspects of ADHD