State Constitutional Amending, Independent Interpretation, and Political Culture: A Case Study in Constitutional Stagnation

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Intuitive eating : an emerging approach to eating behavior

Introduction: In an effort to treat obesity, health care professionals pursue, by means of dieting and exercise interventions, weight loss as a primary goal of treatment. Although in few cases these interventions induce shortterm moderate weight loss, in the long-term, the efficacy of these treatments is at least questionable. Weight-loss interventions based on restrictive diets may be associated to adverse health and well-being. In this regard, some researchers have considered shifting the focus of obesity treatment into a health-centered paradigm. Among the models derived from this new paradigm, Health at Every Size (HAES) is one of the most referenced. HAES has enhanced intuitive eating as a core component of the paradigm, which refers to the reliance on biological mechanisms to regulate food intake (i.e., internal hunger and satiety cues). Recently, intuitive eating has been winning recognition since it have been associated with numerous indices of physical and psychological well-being, and noteworthy, it have not been related to any adverse effects. Objective: The present paper reviews the concept of intuitive eating, as well as the existing evidence that upholds this emerging approach. Also, it discusses the implication of shifting the focus of dietetic interventions into a health-centered paradigm. Design: Narrative Review. Conclusions: Although it is certain there is a need to extend current research on health-centered interventions, this approach may be a more promising and realistic alternative to address overweight and obesity than the conventional weight-loss treatmentsIntroducción: Con la finalidad de tratar la obesidad, los profesionales en salud buscan, por medio de intervenciones dietéticas restrictivas y ejercicio, la pérdida de peso como objetivo principal del tratamiento. Aunque en algunos casos estas intervenciones inducen pérdida de peso a corto plazo, en el largo plazo la eficacia de estos tratamientos es, al menos, cuestionable. Investigaciones recientes han sugerido que los tratamientos dirigidos a la pérdida de peso basados en dietas restrictivas no resultan eficaces a largo plazo e incluso pueden comprometer la salud y el bienestar del paciente. En este sentido, algunos investigadores han considerado cambiar el enfoque del tratamiento de la obesidad a un paradigma centrado en la salud y no en la pérdida de peso. Entre los modelos derivados de este nuevo paradigma, Salud a Cualquier Talla (HAES, por sus siglas en inglés) es uno de los más referenciados. Como componente central de este paradigma se sitúa la ingesta intuitiva, la cual se refiere a la confianza en los mecanismos biológicos para regular la ingesta de alimentos (i.e., las señales internas de hambre y saciedad). Recientemente, la ingesta intuitiva ha ganado reconocimiento, pues se ha asociado a diversos parámetros de bienestar físico y psicológico, además, no se ha observado ningún efecto adverso en pacientes que la practican. Objetivo: El presente artículo revisa el concepto de la ingesta intuitiva, así como la evidencia que sustenta este nuevo enfoque. Además, se discute la implicación de cambiar el enfoque convencional de los tratamientos dietéticos a un paradigma centrado en la salud. Diseño: Revisión Narrativa Conclusiones: A pesar de la necesidad de ampliar la investigación de las intervenciones centradas en la salud, este enfoque podría ser una alternativa más prometedora y realista para el abordaje del sobrepeso y la obesidad que los tratamientos de pérdida de peso convencionale

Evaluation of patient-centered outcomes comparing conventional, overdenture and palateless overdenture using guided maxillary implant placement

Improved quality of life following insertion of mandibular dental implants for dentures and removable partial dentures is well established. Whether similar favorable outcomes occur in the edentulous maxilla following rehabilitation is unknown. In this study of 15 maxillary edentulous patients, a fully guided approach to implant placement with new dentures ensured accurate transfer of implant position and correct angulation. To assess the impact of rehabilitation stages on quality of life, the 49-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49) was administered at baseline and again at 10 weeks following three treatment stages: post-insertion of conventional denture; post-pickup of locators in complete denture; and post-insertion of palateless overdenture. Change in mean OHIP-49 severity score was tested for statistical significance using linear mixed models. OHIP-49 scores decreased significantly, signifying a reduction in the adverse impact of patient’s dental problems on oral health quality of life. These observations support treatment of the edentulous maxilla with a 4-implant retained overdenture.Master of Scienc