Altered Antioxidant-Oxidant Status in the Aqueous Humor and Peripheral Blood of Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retinitis Pigmentosa is a common form of hereditary retinal degeneration constituting the largest Mendelian genetic cause of blindness in the developed world. It has been widely suggested that oxidative stress possibly contributes to its pathogenesis. We measured the levels of total antioxidant capacity, free nitrotyrosine, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) activity, protein, metabolites of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway, heme oxygenase-I and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in aqueous humor or/and peripheral blood from fifty-six patients with retinitis pigmentosa and sixty subjects without systemic or ocular oxidative stress-related disease. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that retinitis pigmentosa alters ocular antioxidant defence machinery and the redox status in blood. Patients with retinitis pigmentosa present low total antioxidant capacity including reduced SOD3 activity and protein concentration in aqueous humor. Patients also show reduced SOD3 activity, increased TBARS formation and upregulation of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway in peripheral blood. Together these findings confirmed the hypothesis that patients with retinitis pigmentosa present reduced ocular antioxidant status. Moreover, these patients show changes in some oxidative-nitrosative markers in the peripheral blood. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between these peripheral markers and retinitis pigmentosa

Kongruenz von bilateralen rhegmatogenen Ablationes: Anatomisches und funktionelles Outcome

This is a copy of a dataset - in English and Chinese - completed in 2018 looking at concepts of professionalism. Following on the Davis, Zhang survey of 2016, this study continues to evaluate the claim that China has a profession of engineering (as defined by Davis) with a larger, better educated, demographically different pool of two hundred and twenty-nine Chinese engineers, using more specific and deeper questions about “profession”, for example, by adding the investigation of competence (the discipline of engineering)—the perceived knowledge, skill, and judgment of the interviewees as evidence of one aspect of profession. The dataset includes a copy of the questionnaire in Chinese and English, as well as both the entire dataset of surveyed individuals as well as the data from individuals who were deemed to have enough experience in engineering to be included in the final data set analyzed