5 research outputs found

    Giardia duodenalis in colony stray cats from Italy

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    Giardia duodenalis is the most common intestinal protozoan in humans and animals worldwide, including eight morphologically identical assemblages, infecting pets, livestock, wildlife and human beings. Assemblages A and B are those with the higher zoonotic potential, and they have been detected in several mammals other than humans; the others (C to H) show a higher host specificity. Cats can harbour both the specific Assemblage F and the zoonotic ones A and B. Several studies have been carried out on G. duodenalis genotypes in cats; however, the role of this species in the epidemiology of giardiasis is still poorly understood. In this scenario, the present study carried out the detection and genetic characterization at sub-assemblage level of G. duodenalis from colony stray cats in central Italy. In the period 2018-2019, 133 cat faecal samples were analysed for the presence of G. duodenalis cysts by a direct immunofluorescence assay. Positive samples were subsequently subjected to molecular analyses for assemblage/sub-assemblage identification. Forty-seven samples (35.3%) were positive for G. duodenalis cysts by immunofluorescence. G. duodenalis DNA was amplified at SSU-rDNA locus from 39 isolates: 37 were positive for zoonotic Assemblage A and 2 showed a mixed infection (A + B). Positive results for the beta-giardin gene were achieved for 25 isolates. Sequence analysis revealed 16 isolates belonging to Sub-assemblage AII and 8 to Sub-assemblage AIII. One isolate resulted as ambiguous AI/AIII. Large sequence variability at the sub-assemblage level was detected, with several double peaks and mutations, making complex a proper isolate allocation. When compared with previous studies, the 35.3% prevalence of G. duodenalis in cats reported in the present article was surprisingly high. Moreover, all positive cats resulted to be infected with zoonotic assemblages/sub-assemblages, thus indicating stray cats as a possible source of human giardiasis and highlighting the sanitary relevance of cat colonies in the study area

    Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with exposure to Leishmania infantum in dogs, in an endemic Mediterranean region.

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    Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Leishmania infantum in the Mediterranean area and transmitted by phlebotomine sand fly vectors. The domestic dog is the main reservoir host. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of different individual, environmental and spatial risk factors on the dog exposure to L. infantum and to estimate the seroprevalence among owned and kennel dogs, in the Lazio region (central Italy), where canine leishmaniasis is endemic. In the period 2010-2014, 13,292 sera from kennel and owned dogs were collected by official and private veterinarians. The presence of anti-Leishmania IgG was analysed by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), using a 1:80 titre cut-off. At the univariable analysis, CanL seropositivity was associated with sex, size, breed, coat length, living with other dogs and forest/semi-natural land cover. At the multivariable analysis, age, ownership and attitude were confirmed as risk factors, being more than 2 years old, owned, and hunting dogs at higher risk. Being a Maremma sheepdog was a protective factor. A true overall seroprevalence of 6.7% (95% CI: 6.2-7.2) was estimated in the whole population while 7.3% (95% CI: 6.8-7.8) was estimated in kennel dogs and 74.3% (95% CI: 70.8-77.6) in owned dogs. The role of kennels as a key component for CanL active and passive surveillance was also highlighted. This study confirmed the endemicity of CanL in the Lazio region and focused some factors that can influence the seropositivity of dogs in a Mediterranean region

    Leishmania infantum, Dirofilaria spp. and other endoparasite infections in kennel dogs in central Italy

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    Prevalence and risk factors of Leishmania infantum, Dirofilaria spp. and other potentially zoonotic or canine-specific endoparasite infections were assessed in 639 kennel dogs from central Italy. To this end, individual blood and fecal samples were examined using parasitological, immunological and molecular techniques. The presence of compatible clinical pictures, as well as age and gender were considered as putative risks factors. To evaluate risk factors, multivariable analysis with logistic regression and univariable analysis with a Chi square test and a Fischer’s exact test were performed. Overall, 52.6% of dogs (95% CI 48.6-56.5) were found positive, while 39.6% of dogs (95% CI 35.8-43.5) were infected by potentially zoonotic species. Leishmania infantum and Dirofilaria repens showed prevalences of 2.5% (95% CI 1.5-4.1) and 2.8% (95% CI 1.7-4.5), respectively. The prevalence of cardiorespiratory parasites was 7.8% (95% CI 5.9-10.3) and included the species Angiostrongylus vasorum, Eucoleus aerophilus, Eucoleus boehmi and D. immitis; the latter showed a prevalence of 0.2% (95% CI 0.001-1). Intestinal parasites were significantly prevalent (38.8%, 95% CI 35-42.7) and they consisted mainly of species of major zoonotic concern, including ancylostomatids, Toxocara canis, Giardia duodenalis, Dipylidium caninum, Taeniidae, Strongyloides stercoralis and Cryptosporidium parvum. Endoparasites were significantly prevalent in clinically suspected dogs. Leishmania infantum and cardiorespiratory nematodes were prevalent in older dogs, while intestinal parasites were prevalent in younger dogs. Results show high dog and public health risks in kennels in central Italy, and suggest the need for more effective control measures

    AKSES EKONOMI, SOSIAL DAN POLITIK PENDUDUK MISKIN DI KOTA BANDA ACEH

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    ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan penduduk miskin di Kota Banda Aceh dalam mengakses aspek ekonomi, sosial dan politik. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, yang disebarkan kepada 50 orang responden. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode Purposive Random Sampling. Data kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa akses ekonomi adalah persoalan yang paling sulit di perkotaan. Keterbatasan dalam hal akses ekonomi menyebabkan penduduk miskin di Banda Aceh menjadi semakin miskin. Akan tetapi akses penduduk miskin terhadap aspek sosial sudah menunju ke arah yang lebih baik. Sedangkan akses terhadap aspek politik penduduk miskin di Kota Banda Aceh sudah cukup baik. Dengan demikian, untuk mengurangi kemiskinan kita harus memperbaiki akses ekonomi dan sosial bagi masyarakat miskin di wilayah perkotaan.Kata Kunci : Akses, ekonomi, sosial, politik, penduduk miskin, Banda Aceh.ABSTRACTThis research is aimed to find out the ability of poor residents in Banda Aceh in accessing economy, social and politic aspects. The data that is used is in the form of primary data which is obtained from the result of interview by using questionnaire that distributed to 50 respondents. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive random sampling method. Then data is analyzed descriptively. The result of the research shows economic access is the hardest issue in urban areas. The limitations of the economic access causes the poor residents in Banda Aceh becomes poorer. However, the access of poor residents toward social aspect indicates better results. While the access of politic aspect of the poor resident in Banda Aceh is sufficiently acceptable. Thus, to decrease the poverty we have to improve the economy and social access for poor residents in urban areas. Keyword : Access, Economic, Social, Politic, Poor Residen, Banda Aceh.Banda Ace
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