Littérature française et critique italienne (1950-1980).Bibliographie

Si tratta di un repertorio completo di trent'anni di studi e saggi critici italiani sulla letteratura frances

«Insegnaci a contare i nostri giorni e giungeremo al cuore della sapienza»(Sal 90,12). Atti della XLV Settimana Biblica Nazionale (Roma, 10-14 Settembre 2018)

Il volume raccoglie gli atti della Settimana Biblica organizzata dall'ABI nel settembre del 2018 sul tema antropologico fragilittà-limite

Regolamento per la cura e la gestione condivisa dei beni comuni urbani di Alessandria. Una prima analisi.

Scopo di questo scritto è analizzare, anche secondo una prospettiva diacronica, le modalità di attuazione del Regolamento per la cura e la gestione condivisa dei beni comuni urbani di Alessandria approvato con Delibera del Consiglio Comunale n.161 del 10/12/2015, con l'intento di fornire elementi utili a un bilancio sull'applicazione del Regolamento, nonché spunti nella prospettiva di un rilancio di questi strumenti per promuovere la partecipazione e la democrazia locale, anche attraverso sperimentazioni di democrazia deliberativa. Nell'analisi sono tenute in considerazione sia le forme e le esperienze realizzate in passato e/o in corso di attuazione sia l'evoluzione normativa connessa al Decreto legislativo 3 luglio 2017, n. 117 noto come "Codice del Terzo settore", che prevede gli istituti di co-programmazione e coprogettazione

Evolution of nanomechanical properties and crystallinity of individual titanium dioxide nanotube resonators

Herein a complete characterization of single TiO2 nanotube resonator was reported for the first time. The modal vibration response analysis allows a non-invasive indirect evaluation of the mechanical properties of the TiO2 nanotube. The effect of post-grown thermal treatments on nanotube mechanical properties was investigated and carefully correlated to the chemico-physical parameters evolution. The Young's modulus of TiO2 nanotube rises linearly from 57 GPa up to 105 GPa for annealing at 600 \ub0C depending on the compositional and crystallographic evolution of the nanostructure. Considering the growing interest in single nanostructure devices, the reported findings allow a deeper understanding of the properties of individual titanium dioxide nanotubes extrapolated from their standard arrayed architecture

Fabrication of clamped-clamped beam resonators with embedded fluidic nanochannel

Suspended nanochannel resonators (SNRs) are promising devices able to characterize mass down to the attogram scale, thus being able to detect nanoparticles or biomolecules. In this paper, we present a flexible fabrication process for SNRs based on a sacrificial layer approach that allows to easily tailor the dimensions of the nanochannel by changing the thickness of the sacrificial layer or its patterning during the lithographic step. The resonance properties of the fabricated SNR are investigated in terms of resonance frequency and frequency stability (Allan deviation). Liquids of different densities are injected in the device and, from the shift of the resonance peaks, the mass responsivity of the resonators is assessed to be up to 3.90 mHz/ag. To the best of our knowledge, the devices here presented are the first example of suspended nanochannel resonators with a channel height as low as 50 nm fabricated with a top-down approach

SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 binds the ribosomal mRNA channel to inhibit translation

The SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1), also referred to as the host shutoff factor, suppresses host innate immune functions. By combining cryo-electron microscopy and biochemistry, we show that SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 binds to the human 40S subunit in ribosomal complexes, including the 43S pre-initiation complex and the non-translating 80S ribosome. The protein inserts its C-terminal domain into the mRNA channel, where it interferes with mRNA binding. We observe translation inhibition in the presence of Nsp1 in an in vitro translation system and in human cells. Based on the high-resolution structure of the 40S–Nsp1 complex, we identify residues of Nsp1 crucial for mediating translation inhibition. We further show that the full-length 5′ untranslated region of the genomic viral mRNA stimulates translation in vitro, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 combines global inhibition of translation by Nsp1 with efficient translation of the viral mRNA to allow expression of viral genes.ISSN:1545-9993ISSN:1545-998

SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 binds the ribosomal mRNA channel to inhibit translation

The SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1), also referred to as the host shutoff factor, suppresses host innate immune functions. By combining cryo-electron microscopy and biochemistry, we show that SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 binds to the human 40S subunit in ribosomal complexes, including the 43S pre-initiation complex and the non-translating 80S ribosome. The protein inserts its C-terminal domain into the mRNA channel, where it interferes with mRNA binding. We observe translation inhibition in the presence of Nsp1 in an in vitro translation system and in human cells. Based on the high-resolution structure of the 40S–Nsp1 complex, we identify residues of Nsp1 crucial for mediating translation inhibition. We further show that the full-length 5′ untranslated region of the genomic viral mRNA stimulates translation in vitro, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 combines global inhibition of translation by Nsp1 with efficient translation of the viral mRNA to allow expression of viral genes

Universal features of Nsp1-mediated translational shutdown by coronaviruses.

Nonstructural protein 1 (Nsp1) produced by coronaviruses inhibits host protein synthesis. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Nsp1 C-terminal domain was shown to bind the ribosomal mRNA channel to inhibit translation, but it is unclear whether this mechanism is broadly used by coronaviruses, whether the Nsp1 N-terminal domain binds the ribosome, or how Nsp1 allows viral RNAs to be translated. Here, we investigated Nsp1 from SARS-CoV-2, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Bat-Hp-CoV coronaviruses using structural, biophysical, and biochemical experiments, revealing a conserved role for the C-terminal domain. Additionally, the N-terminal domain of Bat-Hp-CoV Nsp1 binds to the decoding center of the 40S subunit, where it would prevent mRNA and eIF1A accommodation. Structure-based experiments demonstrated the importance of decoding center interactions in all three coronaviruses and showed that the same regions of Nsp1 are necessary for the selective translation of viral RNAs. Our results provide a mechanistic framework to understand how Nsp1 controls preferential translation of viral RNAs

Structural basis of ribosomal frameshifting during translation of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome.

Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is a key event during translation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA genome that allows synthesis of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and downstream proteins. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a translating mammalian ribosome primed for frameshifting on the viral RNA. The viral RNA adopts a pseudoknot structure that lodges at the entry to the ribosomal messenger RNA (mRNA) channel to generate tension in the mRNA and promote frameshifting, whereas the nascent viral polyprotein forms distinct interactions with the ribosomal tunnel. Biochemical experiments validate the structural observations and reveal mechanistic and regulatory features that influence frameshifting efficiency. Finally, we compare compounds previously shown to reduce frameshifting with respect to their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication, establishing coronavirus frameshifting as a target for antiviral intervention

Présences du passé dans le roman français contemporain

Analisi della presenza ricorrente del passato collettivo e individuale nella narrativa francese contemporane