3 research outputs found
Assessment of the quality of life of opiate and alcohol addicts and their caregivers
Bolesti zavisnosti predstavljaju medicinske poremećaje iz domena psihijatrije, koji sa
sobom nose kompleksnu uzročnost nastanka, mnogobrojna ispoljavanja bolesti, drugačiji klinički
tok i ishod. Kao i u većini drugih oboljena, bolest vezujemo i prepisujemo pojedincu, a time
zanemarujemo značajni aspekt koji može da se odrazi i na okolinu oko samog bolesnika,
prvenstveno misleći na njegovo najbliže okruženje. Poremećaji uzrokovani alkoholnom i
opijatskom zavisnošću dovode do fizičkog, mentalnog i socioekonomskog propadanja ne samo
pacijenta već i njihovih porodica, odnosno staratelja. Porodični staratelji su osobe koje pružaju
neplaćenu negu drugim članovima porodice kojima je potreban nadzor ili pomoć u bolesti,
odnosno nesposobnosti, kao i osobama sa specijalnim potrebama. Bolest negativno utiče na
pojedinca u vidu fizičke, emocionalne, finansijske i socijalne disfunkcionalnosti. Sve navedeno
dovodi do problema, teškoća ili neželjenih događaja koji utiču ne samo na obolelog nego i na
njegovu okolinu. Studije su pokazale, da bolest jednog člana porodice utiče na kvalitet života
ostalih članova porodice, a pogotovo na staratelja obolelog. Dosadašnje studije ukazuju da je
veliki značaj podrške članova familije i uticaja na započinjanje tretmana zavisnosti , komplijansu
i učestvovanje u istom , ali i na sam ishod odnosno uspešnost tretmana.
Ciljevi: Glavni ciljevi istraživanja obuvatali su analizu kvaliteta života zavisnika od
psihoaktivnih supstanci i njhovih staratelja, ispitivanje razlike u kvalitetu života između
alkoholnih i opijatskih zavisnika, kao i identifikovanje prediktora koji doprinose boljem kvalitetu
života kod zavisnika od psihoaktivnih supstanci, kao i kod njihovih staratelja.
Metod: U studiju je uključeno 136 pacijenata koji su se nalazili na lečenju u Specijalnoj
bolnici za bolesti zavisnosti u Beogradu, radi lečenja zavisnosti od psihoaktivnih supstanci
(opijata i opioida ili alkohola), i 136 njihovih staratelja. Podaci o ispitanicima su prikupljani u
periodu od aprila do oktobra 2014. godine. Zavisnost ispitanika je definisana prema
Međunarodnoj klasifikaciji bolesti, 10. revizija (MKB-10) i kliničkoj definiciji Svetske
zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) kao skup fizioloških, bihejvioralnih i kognitivnih fenomena koji
se pojavljuju posle ponavljane upotrebe neke supstance ili grupe supstanci, čije uzimanje postaje
od primarnog značaja za osobu u odnosu na ranije važeće prioritete. Tokom ovog istraživanja
sprovedena je studija preseka. Kao istrumenti merenja u ovom istraživanju, pored opšteg
upitnika korišćeni su i specifični upitnici , i to upitnik za ispitivanje kvaliteta života (36 item
Short-Form Health Survey – SF-36), Bekova skala depresivnosti (Beck depression inventory –
BDI) i Pitsburgov upitnik (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index – PSQI) koji se odnosi na kvalitet sna.
Rezultati: Sociodemografske karakteristike ukazuju da su muškarci zavisnici brojniji, kao i
žene staratelji (p< 0,001). Zavisnici od psihoaktivnih supstncu pripadaju starosnoj polulaciji
≤39 godina, u odnosu na staratelje koji pripadaju grupi starijoj od 50 godina (p<0,001). Bračni
status ispitanika pokazao je da je najveći procenat pacijenata bez partnera, dok je isti broj
staratelja u bračnoj zajednici (p<0,001). Socio-ekonomski status ispitanika pokazao je statistički
značajnu razliku u odnosu na socioekonomske uslove pacijenata i njihovi staratelja. Skorovi
SF-36 domena kod staratelja bili su slični kao i oni kod zavisnika od PAS, uz to da su 2 domena
bila značajno niža, a odnose se na fizičko funkcionisanje ( p < 0.001) i telesni bol ( p = 0.003)...Addictive diseases are medical disorders from the field of psychiatry, which carry
with them a complex causality of occurrence, numerous manifestations of the disease, a different
clinical course and outcome. As with most other diseases, we attribute the disease to an
individual, and thereby neglect the important aspect that can affect the environment around the
patient, primarily thinking of his immediate environment. Disorders caused by alcohol and opiate
addiction lead to physical, mental and socioeconomic deterioration not only of the patient, but
also of their families, i.e. guardians. Family caregivers are persons who provide unpaid care to
other family members who need supervision or help in case of illness or disability, as well as to
persons with special needs. The disease negatively affects the individual in the form of physical,
emotional, financial and social dysfunction. All of the above leads to problems, difficulties or
unwanted events that affect not only the patient but also his environment. Studies have shown
that the illness of one family member affects the quality of life of other family members,
especially the caregiver of the patient. Previous studies indicate that the support of family
members is of great importance and influence on the initiation of addiction treatment,
compliance and participation in it, but also on the outcome itself, i.e. the success of the
treatment.
Aims: Primary aims of this study included the analysis of the quality of life of those addicted to
psychoactive substances and their caregivers, the examination of the difference in the quality of
life between alcohol and opiate addicts, as well as the identification of predictors that contribute
to a better quality of life in those addicted to psychoactive substances, as well as in their
caregivers.
Method: The study included 136 patients who were being treated at the Special Hospital for
Addiction Diseases in Belgrade, for the treatment of addiction to psychoactive substances
(opiates and opioids or alcohol), and 136 of their caregivers. Data on respondents were collected
in the period from April to October 2014. The subject's addiction is defined according to the
International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) and the clinical definition of the
World Health Organization (WHO) as a set of physiological, behavioral and cognitive
phenomena that appear after repeated use of a substance or group of substances, the use of which
becomes of primary importance for a person in relation to previously valid priorities. During this
research, a cross-sectional study was conducted. As measuring instruments in this research, in
addition to the general questionnaire, specific questionnaires were used, namely the
questionnaire for examining the quality of life (36 item Short-Form Health Survey - SF-36), the
Beck depression inventory (BDI) and the Pittsburgh questionnaire (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality
Index - PSQI) which refers to the quality of sleep.
Results: Sociodemographic characteristics indicate that there are more male addicts, as well as
female caregivers (p< 0.001). Psychoactive substance addicts belong to the age group ≤39 years,
compared to caregivers who belong to the group older than 50 years (p<0.001). The marital
status of the respondents showed that the largest percentage of patients were without a partner,
while the same number of guardians were married (p<0.001). The socio-economic status of the
respondents showed a statistically significant difference in relation to the socioeconomic
conditions of the patients and their caregivers. SF-36 domain scores in caregivers were similar to
those in PAS addicts, with the exception that 2 domains were significantly lower, related to
physical functioning (p < 0.001) and bodily pain (p = 0.003)..
Assessment of the quality of life of opiate and alcohol addicts and their caregivers
Bolesti zavisnosti predstavljaju medicinske poremećaje iz domena psihijatrije, koji sa
sobom nose kompleksnu uzročnost nastanka, mnogobrojna ispoljavanja bolesti, drugačiji klinički
tok i ishod. Kao i u većini drugih oboljena, bolest vezujemo i prepisujemo pojedincu, a time
zanemarujemo značajni aspekt koji može da se odrazi i na okolinu oko samog bolesnika,
prvenstveno misleći na njegovo najbliže okruženje. Poremećaji uzrokovani alkoholnom i
opijatskom zavisnošću dovode do fizičkog, mentalnog i socioekonomskog propadanja ne samo
pacijenta već i njihovih porodica, odnosno staratelja. Porodični staratelji su osobe koje pružaju
neplaćenu negu drugim članovima porodice kojima je potreban nadzor ili pomoć u bolesti,
odnosno nesposobnosti, kao i osobama sa specijalnim potrebama. Bolest negativno utiče na
pojedinca u vidu fizičke, emocionalne, finansijske i socijalne disfunkcionalnosti. Sve navedeno
dovodi do problema, teškoća ili neželjenih događaja koji utiču ne samo na obolelog nego i na
njegovu okolinu. Studije su pokazale, da bolest jednog člana porodice utiče na kvalitet života
ostalih članova porodice, a pogotovo na staratelja obolelog. Dosadašnje studije ukazuju da je
veliki značaj podrške članova familije i uticaja na započinjanje tretmana zavisnosti , komplijansu
i učestvovanje u istom , ali i na sam ishod odnosno uspešnost tretmana.
Ciljevi: Glavni ciljevi istraživanja obuvatali su analizu kvaliteta života zavisnika od
psihoaktivnih supstanci i njhovih staratelja, ispitivanje razlike u kvalitetu života između
alkoholnih i opijatskih zavisnika, kao i identifikovanje prediktora koji doprinose boljem kvalitetu
života kod zavisnika od psihoaktivnih supstanci, kao i kod njihovih staratelja.
Metod: U studiju je uključeno 136 pacijenata koji su se nalazili na lečenju u Specijalnoj
bolnici za bolesti zavisnosti u Beogradu, radi lečenja zavisnosti od psihoaktivnih supstanci
(opijata i opioida ili alkohola), i 136 njihovih staratelja. Podaci o ispitanicima su prikupljani u
periodu od aprila do oktobra 2014. godine. Zavisnost ispitanika je definisana prema
Međunarodnoj klasifikaciji bolesti, 10. revizija (MKB-10) i kliničkoj definiciji Svetske
zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) kao skup fizioloških, bihejvioralnih i kognitivnih fenomena koji
se pojavljuju posle ponavljane upotrebe neke supstance ili grupe supstanci, čije uzimanje postaje
od primarnog značaja za osobu u odnosu na ranije važeće prioritete. Tokom ovog istraživanja
sprovedena je studija preseka. Kao istrumenti merenja u ovom istraživanju, pored opšteg
upitnika korišćeni su i specifični upitnici , i to upitnik za ispitivanje kvaliteta života (36 item
Short-Form Health Survey – SF-36), Bekova skala depresivnosti (Beck depression inventory –
BDI) i Pitsburgov upitnik (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index – PSQI) koji se odnosi na kvalitet sna.
Rezultati: Sociodemografske karakteristike ukazuju da su muškarci zavisnici brojniji, kao i
žene staratelji (p< 0,001). Zavisnici od psihoaktivnih supstncu pripadaju starosnoj polulaciji
≤39 godina, u odnosu na staratelje koji pripadaju grupi starijoj od 50 godina (p<0,001). Bračni
status ispitanika pokazao je da je najveći procenat pacijenata bez partnera, dok je isti broj
staratelja u bračnoj zajednici (p<0,001). Socio-ekonomski status ispitanika pokazao je statistički
značajnu razliku u odnosu na socioekonomske uslove pacijenata i njihovi staratelja. Skorovi
SF-36 domena kod staratelja bili su slični kao i oni kod zavisnika od PAS, uz to da su 2 domena
bila značajno niža, a odnose se na fizičko funkcionisanje ( p < 0.001) i telesni bol ( p = 0.003)...Addictive diseases are medical disorders from the field of psychiatry, which carry
with them a complex causality of occurrence, numerous manifestations of the disease, a different
clinical course and outcome. As with most other diseases, we attribute the disease to an
individual, and thereby neglect the important aspect that can affect the environment around the
patient, primarily thinking of his immediate environment. Disorders caused by alcohol and opiate
addiction lead to physical, mental and socioeconomic deterioration not only of the patient, but
also of their families, i.e. guardians. Family caregivers are persons who provide unpaid care to
other family members who need supervision or help in case of illness or disability, as well as to
persons with special needs. The disease negatively affects the individual in the form of physical,
emotional, financial and social dysfunction. All of the above leads to problems, difficulties or
unwanted events that affect not only the patient but also his environment. Studies have shown
that the illness of one family member affects the quality of life of other family members,
especially the caregiver of the patient. Previous studies indicate that the support of family
members is of great importance and influence on the initiation of addiction treatment,
compliance and participation in it, but also on the outcome itself, i.e. the success of the
treatment.
Aims: Primary aims of this study included the analysis of the quality of life of those addicted to
psychoactive substances and their caregivers, the examination of the difference in the quality of
life between alcohol and opiate addicts, as well as the identification of predictors that contribute
to a better quality of life in those addicted to psychoactive substances, as well as in their
caregivers.
Method: The study included 136 patients who were being treated at the Special Hospital for
Addiction Diseases in Belgrade, for the treatment of addiction to psychoactive substances
(opiates and opioids or alcohol), and 136 of their caregivers. Data on respondents were collected
in the period from April to October 2014. The subject's addiction is defined according to the
International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) and the clinical definition of the
World Health Organization (WHO) as a set of physiological, behavioral and cognitive
phenomena that appear after repeated use of a substance or group of substances, the use of which
becomes of primary importance for a person in relation to previously valid priorities. During this
research, a cross-sectional study was conducted. As measuring instruments in this research, in
addition to the general questionnaire, specific questionnaires were used, namely the
questionnaire for examining the quality of life (36 item Short-Form Health Survey - SF-36), the
Beck depression inventory (BDI) and the Pittsburgh questionnaire (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality
Index - PSQI) which refers to the quality of sleep.
Results: Sociodemographic characteristics indicate that there are more male addicts, as well as
female caregivers (p< 0.001). Psychoactive substance addicts belong to the age group ≤39 years,
compared to caregivers who belong to the group older than 50 years (p<0.001). The marital
status of the respondents showed that the largest percentage of patients were without a partner,
while the same number of guardians were married (p<0.001). The socio-economic status of the
respondents showed a statistically significant difference in relation to the socioeconomic
conditions of the patients and their caregivers. SF-36 domain scores in caregivers were similar to
those in PAS addicts, with the exception that 2 domains were significantly lower, related to
physical functioning (p < 0.001) and bodily pain (p = 0.003)..
Nutrition in pregnancy with diabetes mellitus
The nutritional needs of diabetic pregnancies are different from normal pregnancies. Differences in nutritional recommendations can also be seen between pregnant women who are using and who are not using insulin therapy. In this literature review, recommendations for different meal proportions of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the diets of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus are listed. Different meal plans were also addressed in this group of patients. The role of exercise in the management of diabetes in pregnancy is undeniable and different approaches found in the literature are presented