Mass media influence upon society

Статья посвящена влиянию средств массовой информации на общество. Рассматривается социальное и культурное влияние на общество. Сделан вывод, что средства массовой информации оказывают на все сферы жизни, деятельности человека и общества.The article deals with the influence of mass media on society. Social and cultural impact upon society is considered. The conclusion is made that mass media influence all the spheres of life, activities of people and society

Dehydration and ADH-induced changes in renal stanniocalcin-1 mRNA levels in the rat

STC-l is expressed in kidney collecting duct cells and targeted to most other nephron segments. However, its function and regulation are both unclear. The present study explored the regulation of Stc-1 mRNA levels in vivo in rat models of dehydration and overhydration. Dehydration caused an upregulation in Stc-1 mRNA levels in kidney cortex and to a lesser extent the inner medulla. Antidiuretic hormone was identified as a potential mediator of gene induction during dehydration acting through the V2 receptor. In contrast overhydration did not produce changes in renal gene activity. Histological studies revealed no difference in STC-1 receptor distribution along the nephron indicative of similar targeting pathways irrespective of hydration states. Together the findings are suggestive of a novel role for renal STC-1 in the regulation of extracellular fluid volume, in particular during water deprivation

Parsimony-based genetic algorithm for haplotype resolution and block partitioning

This dissertation proposes a new algorithm for performing simultaneous haplotype resolution and block partitioning. The algorithm is based on genetic algorithm approach and the parsimonious principle. The multiloculs LD measure (Normalized Entropy Difference) is used as a block identification criterion. The proposed algorithm incorporates missing data is a part of the model and allows blocks of arbitrary length. In addition, the algorithm provides scores for the block boundaries which represent measures of strength of the boundaries at specific positions. The performance of the proposed algorithm was validated by running it on several publicly available data sets including the HapMap data and comparing results to those of the existing state-of-the-art algorithms. The results show that the proposed genetic algorithm provides the accuracy of haplotype decomposition within the range of the same indicators shown by the other algorithms. The block structure output by our algorithm in general agrees with the block structure for the same data provided by the other algorithms. Thus, the proposed algorithm can be successfully used for block partitioning and haplotype phasing while providing some new valuable features like scores for block boundaries and fully incorporated treatment of missing data. In addition, the proposed algorithm for haplotyping and block partitioning is used in development of the new clustering algorithm for two-population mixed genotype samples. The proposed clustering algorithm extracts from the given genotype sample two clusters with substantially different block structures and finds haplotype resolution and block partitioning for each cluster

Permafrost Dynamics In 20Th And 21St Centuries Along The East-Siberian And Alaskan Transects

Thesis (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2003High latitude ecosystems where the mean annual ground surface temperature is around or below 0�C are highly sensitive to global warming. This is largely because these regions contain vast areas of permafrost, which will begin to degrade when the mean annual ground temperatures will rise above 0�C. The Alaskan and East Siberian transects, centered on the 155� WL and 135� EL, were chosen for evaluation of permafrost---atmosphere interactions. The analysis of measured data shows a significant increase in air and ground temperatures that started from the late 1960s within both these transects and the magnitude of this increase is from 0.2 to 0.5�C per decade. This trend is comparable to trends predicted by majority of global warming scenarios. A simple and accurate model for evaluating the permafrost dynamics was developed in Geophysical Institute Permafrost Lab (GIPL). The GIPL model is a fusion of the modified Kudryavtsev's approach, which is a set of analytical formulas for active layer thickness (ALT) and mean annual ground temperature (MAGT) calculations, with the Geographic Information System (GIS). The evaluation of the GIPL performance showed that when applied to long-term (decadal or longer time scale) averages, this model achieves an accuracy of +/-0.2--0.4�C for the mean annual ground temperatures and +0.1--0.3 m for the active layer thickness calculations. The GIPL model was used for the hindcast of the permafrost dynamics in the 20th century, using a combination of observationally-based and simulated monthly grids of surface air temperature. The results showed that during the 20th century there were a number of relatively cold and warm periods. These climatic variations produced 1 to 3�C changes in MAGT and up to 1 m in the ALT. The forecast for the period of 2000--2100 was performed using climatic parameters from six Global Climate Models provided by Arctic Climate Impact Assessment program. The results showed that by the end of 21st century mean annual ground temperatures will be 2 to 6�C warmer and the ALT from 0.2 to 1 m deeper. During this period, in many areas within both transects the degradation of permafrost from the surface will start. By 2100, the area with actively degrading permafrost will cover about 10--15% of the Siberian transect and up to 30% and more within the Alaskan transect

Mediating role of trust between emotional intelligence and positive functioning of personality

This paper presents the theoretical justification and empirical confirmation of the hypothesis that trust mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and positive personality functioning. The positive functioning is regarded as association of psychological wellbeing and hardiness. The research was held on the sample of 213 students of different specialties. Data processing included correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM). By the results of regression analysis, general trust and self-trust are significant and rather strong predictors of positive functioning. According to our hypothesis there were developed structural models describing the interrelations between indexes of EI, trust and positive functioning. The models with trust as mediator between EI and positive functioning showed good accordance to the outgoing data. We also received confirmation of the assumption that psychological wellbeing and hardiness may be associated in the framework of the positive functioning construct. Wherein trust performs as a separate phenomenon, one of the important conditions of positive functioning, in refraction through which the “positive potential” of personality`s dispositions and abilities may be realized. Besides, we received empirical confirmation of theoretical grounding for association of hardiness and psychological wellbeing in a framework of positive functioning construct

Electrical Nanoprobing of Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes using an Atomic Force Microscope

We use an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) tip to locally probe the electronic properties of semiconducting carbon nanotube transistors. A gold-coated AFM tip serves as a voltage or current probe in three-probe measurement setup. Using the tip as a movable current probe, we investigate the scaling of the device properties with channel length. Using the tip as a voltage probe, we study the properties of the contacts. We find that Au makes an excellent contact in the p-region, with no Schottky barrier. In the n-region large contact resistances were found which dominate the transport properties.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure