欄外注意喚起表記されている市販加工食品中特定原材料タンパク質の含有量調査

Food containing allergen proteins such as egg, wheat, milk, peanut, buckwheat, shrimp andcrab at greater than 10mg/kg must be mandatorily labeled on food products in Japan since 2002and/or 2008. To protect the health and safety of food-allergic people, a marginal labelingsystem is recommended for labeling them voluntarily on food products when minute amountsunintentionally contaminated the final product during manufacturing process without using anyallergen proteins as raw materials. In this survey from this point, the content of seven foodallergenic proteins in 76 food products was investigated using immunochromatography assayand ELISA. Positive results were obtained from 10 food samples (13%) by usingimmunochromatography, and wheat proteins were most frequently detected from 6 samples(60%). Allergen proteins of 1.2ppm~48.5ppm were detected from 5 samples (7%) usingELISA, all of which showed positive results by immunochromatography. When 15 samplescontaining <1 ppm of any kinds of allergen proteins were included, 21 from 76 samples (27%)were detected. Our results showed that in spite of low detection rate of about thirty % in foodproducts labeled with any allergen proteins voluntary, several food products contained morethan 10ppm of egg, crustacean or wheat proteins. It was found that the alert system was usefulfor allergenic subjects

Induction of liver-resident memory T cells and protection at liver-stage malaria by mRNA-containing lipid nanoparticles

Recent studies have suggested that CD8+ liver-resident memory T (TRM) cells are crucial in the protection against liver-stage malaria. We used liver-directed mRNA-containing lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs) to induce liver TRM cells in a murine model. Single-dose intravenous injections of ovalbumin mRNA-LNPs effectively induced antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner in the liver on day 7. TRM cells (CD8+ CD44hi CD62Llo CD69+ KLRG1-) were induced 5 weeks after immunization. To examine the protective efficacy, mice were intramuscularly immunized with two doses of circumsporozoite protein mRNA-LNPs at 3-week intervals and challenged with sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Sterile immunity was observed in some of the mice, and the other mice showed a delay in blood-stage development when compared with the control mice. mRNA-LNPs therefore induce memory CD8+ T cells that can protect against sporozoites during liver-stage malaria and may provide a basis for vaccines against the disease

Differences in Lifestyle Improvements With the Intention to Prevent Cardiovascular Diseases by Socioeconomic Status in a Representative Japanese Population: NIPPON DATA2010

Background: The relationships among socioeconomic status and lifestyle improvements have not yet been examined in a representative Japanese population. Methods: We analyzed data from 2,647 participants (1,087 men and 1,560 women) who participated in NIPPON DATA2010. This survey inquired about lifestyle improvements and socioeconomic status. Education was categorized as low (≤9 years), middle (10–12 years), and high (≥13 years). Marital status was categorized as married, divorced, widowed, and never married/other. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of lifestyle improvements with the intention of preventing cardiovascular diseases for educational attainment and marital status, with adjustments for age and awareness of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Results: Overall, 1,507 (56.9%) participants practiced prevention and improvements in hypertension, diabetes, elevated cholesterol, and metabolic syndrome, and the OR of lifestyle improvements was significantly higher with a high education than with a low education in men (OR 2.86; 95% CI, 1.96–4.17) and women (OR 2.36; 95% CI, 1.67–3.33). The number of participants who practiced prevention and improvements in hypertension, diabetes, elevated cholesterol, and metabolic syndrome was significantly lower in divorced than in married men (OR 0.46; 95% CI, 0.22–0.95) and women (OR 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33–0.86). Conclusions: Specific differences caused by educational attainment and marital status may exist in lifestyle improvements