Encapsulation of aqueous-core nanocapsules in PLLA multicompartments microparticles

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Biocompatible superparamagnetic poly(thioether-ester) nanoparticles via miniemulsion technique

Biocompatible polymeric nanoparticles were obtained via thiol-ene polymerization of a biobased monomer in miniemulsion. The α,ω-diene-diester monomer was synthesized through esterification reaction of a glycerol derivative, namely 1,3-propanediol, with 10-undecenoic acid, a long-chain diene carboxylic acid. The biobased poly(thioether-ester), PTEE, nanoparticles were submitted to cytotoxicity and hemolysis analyses. High cell viability and no significant changes in cell morphology were observed. Lastly, hemolysis assays revealed blood compatibility and therefore PTEE nanoparticles have been shown to be a potential alternative drug delivery vector for intravenous administration. The poly(thioether-ester) was also employed to encapsulate magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by miniemulsification technique. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Enzimatic polycondensation of 1,4-butanediol and diethyl succinate

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High molecular weight polystyrene particles by cationic miniemulsion polymerization catalyzed by an iron-containing imidazolium-based ionic liquid

Cationic styrene polymerizations in aqueous media were conducted using the miniemulsion polymerization technique with the ionic liquid 1-N-butyl-3-N-methylimidazolium heptachloro diferrate (BMI.Fe2Cl7) as catalyst, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant and hexadecane as costabilizer. The ionic liquid was effective to initiate styrene miniemulsion polymerization at a BMI.Fe2Cl7:styrene molar ratios as low as 1:1000. Increasing the reaction temperature from 70 °C to 90 °C led to an increase in both, conversion and molecular weight. And polystyrene with much higher molecular weight (viscosity average molecular weights of up to 2231 kDa) than those usually obtained in cationic polymerizations was produced. Furthermore, while particle sizes remained almost constant around 150 nm during polymerizations, an almost linear increase of conversion with reaction time was observed. In addition, molecular weight increased steadily with conversion approaching the behavior of living cationic polymerization. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstrac

Bioactive evaluation and application of different formulations of the natural colorant curcumin (E100) in a hydrophilic matrix (yogurt)

Curcumin (E100) is a natural colorant that, besides conferring color, has bioactivity, serving as an alternative to some artificial colorants. As a hydrophobic colorant, its modification/compatibilization with the aqueous medium is required to improve stability and enable its application in hydrophilic food matrices. Herein, different formulations of curcumin (curcumin powder: PC, water-dispersible curcumin: DC: and nanoencapsulated curcumin: NC) were evaluated as yogurt colorants. PC showed the strongest bioactivity in all assays (EC50 values: 63±2 to 7.9±0.1 μg.mL-1; GI50 values: 48±1 to 17±1 μg.mL-1 and MIC values: 0.0625 to 0.5 mg.mL-1), which might indicate that DC and NC reduce the short-term accessibility to curcumin. The tested curcumin formulations produced yogurts with different appearance, specifically associated with their color parameters, besides presenting slight changes in nutritional composition and free sugars and fatty acids profiles. The water compatible formulations (DC and NC) showed advantages over hydrophobic (PC) having a wider industrial utilization.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Encapsulation of clove oil in nanostructured lipid carriers from natural waxes: Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of the cholinesterase enzymes

Eugenol is a phenolic compound largely found in the clove essential oil that possesses promising biological activity. However, its low water solubility is a major concern and encapsulation is an alternative to improve water affinity. The objective of this work was to produce nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) by hot homogenization/ultrasound emulsification and to evaluate the effect of free and encapsulated clove oil on the in vitro cholinesterase enzymes modulation using Drosophila melanogaster (DM) tissue. The NLC composed of a natural wax (carnauba or beeswax) and crodamol showed an average diameter between 121 and 367 nm with good dispersion and colloidal stability. The spherical shape and solid character together with the semi-crystalline environment confirm the formation of NLC. DSC analysis indicated polymorphic transition events of the waxes. In vitro tests using DM demonstrated that free clove oil showed a good inhibition of the butyryl and acetylcholinesterase enzymes above a concentration of 10 mM, with IC50 values of 4.3 and 3.5 mM, respectively. The dispersions of the NLC loaded with clove oil showed a decrease in the IC50 enzymes values, indicating the preservation of the clove essential oil and suggesting an increased in the solubility. Results indicate that NLC dispersions have good potential to be used for foods and cosmetic aqueous formulations possessing biological activity.Authors thank the financial support from CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), and also Laboratório Central de Microscopia Eletrônica of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (LCME/UFSC) for TEM analyses.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Polyesters with main and side chain phosphoesters as structural motives for biocompatible electrospun fibres

Phosphoester containing polymers are promising materials in biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Utilising thiol-ene chemistry, the synthesis of two novel structural polymer motives combining polyesters and phophoester groups was explored. The first polymer was obtained by coupling ene-functional poly(thioether-phosphoester) with thiol functional poly(pentadecalactone). While the coupling reaction was successful, yields remained low presumably due to inadequate endgroup stoichiometry. The second polymer comprised phosphoester side groups conjugated to unsaturated poly(globalide). Double bond conversions up to 84% were achieved depending of the type of phosphoester thiol and relative reactant ratios. The resulting polymers transitioned from solid semicrystaline to liquid amorphous with increasing degree of phosphoester conjugation. Electrospun fibres from polymers with 14% phosphoester conjugation allowed attachment and survival of human dermal fibroblasts, indicating their biocompatibility. These polymers represent a new class of easily accessible biocompatible polyester-phosphoester hybrid materials as potential building blocks for tunable biomaterials

Nanopartícula, processo de encapsulação simultânea de nanopartículas magnéticas e fármacos, composição farmacêutica para o tratamento de câncer e uso de nanopartículas magnéticas e fármacos encapsulados simultaneamente

DepositadaA presente invenção revela uma nanopartícula que compreende pelo menos um fármaco, nanopartículas magnéticas e pelo menos um polímero e um processo caracterizado fundamentalmente pela encapsulação in-situ de fármacos e NPMs pela técnica de polimerização em miniemulsão com auxílio da técnica de nanoprecipitação que inclui na primeira etapa um fármaco solúvel em um solvente polar e na segunda etapa inclui um monômero hidrofóbico, iniciador hidrofóbico, surfactante, co-estabilizador e um material hidrofóbico

Use of whole genome sequencing to determine genetic basis of suspected mitochondrial disorders: cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether whole genome sequencing can be used to define the molecular basis of suspected mitochondrial disease. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: National Health Service, England, including secondary and tertiary care. PARTICIPANTS: 345 patients with suspected mitochondrial disorders recruited to the 100 000 Genomes Project in England between 2015 and 2018. INTERVENTION: Short read whole genome sequencing was performed. Nuclear variants were prioritised on the basis of gene panels chosen according to phenotypes, ClinVar pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants, and the top 10 prioritised variants from Exomiser. Mitochondrial DNA variants were called using an in-house pipeline and compared with a list of pathogenic variants. Copy number variants and short tandem repeats for 13 neurological disorders were also analysed. American College of Medical Genetics guidelines were followed for classification of variants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Definite or probable genetic diagnosis. RESULTS: A definite or probable genetic diagnosis was identified in 98/319 (31%) families, with an additional 6 (2%) possible diagnoses. Fourteen of the diagnoses (4% of the 319 families) explained only part of the clinical features. A total of 95 different genes were implicated. Of 104 families given a diagnosis, 39 (38%) had a mitochondrial diagnosis and 65 (63%) had a non-mitochondrial diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Whole genome sequencing is a useful diagnostic test in patients with suspected mitochondrial disorders, yielding a diagnosis in a further 31% after exclusion of common causes. Most diagnoses were non-mitochondrial disorders and included developmental disorders with intellectual disability, epileptic encephalopathies, other metabolic disorders, cardiomyopathies, and leukodystrophies. These would have been missed if a targeted approach was taken, and some have specific treatments