A literary review of an Ayurvedic dosage form : Naag Bhasma

All research work is totally based on literary survey, which takes place by collecting appropriate data from past, present& future based knowledge to ensure the subjective importance of research work. Throughout all the procedure in the field of research work, this method reveals about historical background of the study topic, which helps to summarise the complete knowledge related to the subject. In our Ayurvedic literature the Bhasma Kalpana has a special branch of medicine. But in present scenario we are dealing with many complications regarding heavy metal, which is used in Bhasma Kalpana. One of them is Naagbhasma which is noticeable by its lead toxicity effect. The factual data is useful to deal with such issues. Hence to overcome the myth related to Naagbhasma literary review plays important role by correcting the all procedure in the part of preparation. During review, it was found that Naag turned into PbO during Jarana process which is then converted to PbS group after performing Puta procedure. The final product of Naagbhasma is in sulphide form. This review may be useful in pharmaceutical processing & analysing the sample of Naagbhasma for achieving the standard protocol

In-Vitro Trial of Roots of Ishwarmuli (Aristolochia indica Linn.) for Anti-Microbial, Anti-Fungal & Anti-Oxidant Activity

Aristolochia indica is a plant belonging to the family Aristolochiaceae. The medicinal value of A. indica has been known in different system of traditional medicine including Ayurveda. A number of Aristolochia species has been used in herbal medicines throughout the world for the cure of several ailments including metabolic diseases to venomous bites of snake and insects. The current work was executed with an objective to explore the in vitro antimicrobial, anti-fungal and anti-oxidant activity of A. indica. The relevant literature was also pursued for the justification and comparing the resemblances in the results. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of roots of Aristolochia indica Linn. were tested for their inhibitory effect against 6 bacterial strains [Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae & Shigella flexneri] and 3 fungi strains [Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans]. Agar-well method was used for the assessment of in-vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of A. indica against selected standard bacterial strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration for each extract of various micro-organisms was also measured. Ethanolic extract of A. indica shows Minimum concentration (MIC) value of 50-100 μg/ml against selected bacterial strains which is better when compared to the aqueous extracts. Ethanolic extracts also showed moderate effects against the selected fungal strains, whereas the aqueous extracts failed to exhibit any effect even at higher concentrations