Affleck-Dine leptogenesis via multiscalar evolution in a supersymmetric seesaw model

A leptogenesis scenario in a supersymmetric standard model extended with introducing right-handed neutrinos is reconsidered. Lepton asymmetry is produced in the condensate of a right-handed sneutrino via the Affleck-Dine mechanism. The LH_u direction develops large value due to a negative effective mass induced by the right-handed sneutrino condensate through the Yukawa coupling of the right-handed neutrino, even if the minimum during the inflation is fixed at the origin. The lepton asymmetry is nonperturbatively transfered to the LH_u direction by this Yukawa coupling.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures. Revised version for publication. The model was modified to fix some problem

PlexinD1 signaling controls domain-specific dendritic development in newborn neurons in the postnatal olfactory bulb

Newborn neurons show immature bipolar morphology and continue to migrate toward their destinations. After the termination of migration, newborn neurons undergo spatially controlled dendrite formation and change into a complex morphology. The mechanisms of dendritic development of newborn neurons have not been fully understood. Here, we show that in the postnatal olfactory bulb (OB), the Sema3E-PlexinD1 signaling, which maintains bipolar morphology of newborn neurons, also regulates their dendritic development after the termination of migration in a dendritic domain-specific manner. Genetic ablation of Sema3E or PlexinD1 enhanced dendritic branching in the proximal domain of the apical dendrites of OB newborn granule cells, whereas PlexinD1 overexpression suppressed it in a Rho binding domain (RBD)-dependent manner. Furthermore, RhoJ, a small GTPase that directly binds to PlexinD1RBD in vascular endothelial cells, is expressed in migrating and differentiating newborn granule cells in the OB and is also involved in the suppression of proximal branching of their apical dendrites. These results suggest that the Sema3E-PlexinD1-RhoJ axis regulates domain-specific dendrite formation of newborn neurons in the postnatal OB

Development of a circulation direct sampling and monitoring system for O2 and CO2 concentrations in the gas–liquid phases of shake-flask systems during microbial cell culture

Monitoring the environmental factors during shake-flask culture of microorganisms can help to optimise the initialsteps of bioprocess development. Herein, we developed a circulation direct monitoring and sampling system(CDMSS) that can monitor the behaviour of CO2and O2in the gas–liquid phases and obtain a sample without interruptingthe shaking of the culture in Erlenmeyer flasks capped with breathable culture plugs. Shake-flask culturing ofEscherichia coli using this set-up indicated that a high concentration of CO2accumulated not only in the headspace(maximum ~100 mg/L) but also in the culture broth (maximum ~85 mg/L) during the logarithmic phase (4.5–9.0 h).By packing a CO2absorbent in the gas circulation unit of CDMSS, a specialised shake-flask culture was developed toremove CO2from the headspace. It was posited that removing CO2from the headspace would suppress increasesin the dissolved CO2concentration in the culture broth (maximum ~15 mg/L). Furthermore, the logarithmic growthphase (4.5–12.0 h) was extended, the U.O.D.580 and pH value increased, and acetic acid concentration was reduced,compared with the control. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a method aimed at improving the growth of E.coli cells without changing the composition of the medium, temperature, and shaking conditions

チュウガクセイ ノ イジメ ニ タイスル タイド ガ イジメ カンヨ コウドウ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ イジメ IAT サクセイ ノ ココロミ

本研究は，科学研究費助成事業（学術研究助成基金助成金・基盤研究（C），課題番号：26380867）の助成を受けた。本研究の一部は，the 31st International Congress of Psychologyにおいて発表された

Functional 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene scaffold : Design of fluorescent probes for kinesin spindle protein (KSP)

1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene is a compact fluorescent chromophore. In this study, triazapentalene was used to modify a series of biphenyl-type inhibitors of kinesin spindle protein (KSP) to develop fluorescent probes for the intracellular visualization of this protein. Microscopic studies demonstrated that these novel triazapentalene-labeled compounds exhibited inhibitory activity towards KSP in cultured cells and provided important information concerning the intracellular distribution

Vagus-macrophage-hepatocyte link promotes post-injury liver regeneration and whole-body survival through hepatic FoxM1 activation

The mechanisms underlying the regenerative capacity of the liver are not fully understood. Here, the authors show that the acute regenerative response to liver injury in mice is regulated by the communication involving the vagus nerve, macrophages, and hepatocytes, leading to hepatic FoxM1 activation and promotion of overall survival