Evaluation of risk factors associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Black Sea region, Turkey

Aim: To evaluate the risk factors in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Turkey's Black Sea region and to determine groups at high risk for pancreatic cancer. Methods: 106 newly diagnosed pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients living in Black Sea region of Turkey who applied to our clinic between January 2015 and December 2016 were included in this study. In the same period a control group was formed with 92 patients of similar age. Both groups were asked to fill out a form that questioned the pancreatic cancer risk factors. Data were analyzed. Results: Pancreatic cancer risk was 3.5 times higher in people over 65 years of age. Patients with deficient level of serum vitamin D level (<20 ng/ml) had 10.2 times more risk of pancreatic cancer than patients with normal level of Vitamin D (≥30 ng/ml). While newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics had 19.5 times higher risk of pancreatic cancer, long term type 2 diabetics had 1.2 times higher risk than normal individuals. Those with pancreatic cancer in family had 4.3 times higher risk than those who did not. It was observed that people with rhesus (Rh) antigen negative blood group has 70% less risk of pancreatic cancer. Conclusion: Determination of pancreatic cancer risk factors, organization of imaging and screening programs for high-risk people can provide early diagnosis of the disease and prolong survival

3-D shear wave velocity structure beneath the European Side of Istanbul from seismic noise arrays analysis

It has been shown that during the 1999 August 17 Izmit earthquake local site effects affected ground motion in distant areas such as the damage observed in Avcilar, west of. Istanbul. Despite efforts to study soil conditions in Istanbul in recent years, site effect problems in the deeper soil are not completely defined. Besides this, the main problems expected in the city of. Istanbul will be the result of amplification of ground motion due to an earthquake. To understand these effects, studies were carried out which showed either limited measurements or provided data for shallow depth by obtaining only the depth of engineering bedrock or the average shear wave velocity down to 30 m depth (V-s30)

Cave Investigation

Cave investigation is one of the most interesting research field in natural and earth sciences, showing a rapid development with technological progress. It coincides with a number of scientific disciplines to address the early human histrory, habitats of living lives and specimens. This book will be useful to students and researchers as well as to earth scientists, archeologist, biologist, natural sciences, and other experts in a other related of disciplines. The volume consists of three sections sorted thematically, each focusing on a certain aspect. The book presents results on the determination and definition of caves discussed by means of geographic, geophysical, and geological applications. Geomorphometric analysis using GIS and laser scanning, the importance of electric tomography method in cave detection, the use of groundwater sources in agricultural areas, and the habitats of bats and species are studied on several cave studies

Seismic microzonation studies in Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey

Main purpose of this study is to provide an application of seismic microzonation at small scales. For the study area, the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis was determined by using Poisson probabilistic approaches. The hazard gives the probability that a given level of acceleration will be exceeded (%15) in a given time period (50 years). By using deterministic seismic hazard analysis, the magnitudes were estimated by the three rapture (with three different fault, 108, 119 and 174 km) model of North Anatolian Fault Zone in Marmara Region. By using both mode of analysis (deterministic and probabilistic), magnitude of design earthquake was taken as 7.6. From these design earthquakes, accelerations were estimated for several distances (from 25 to 50 km) by several attenuation relations. In the second phase of the study, soil amplification factors and site characteristic periods were determined and estimated by seismic refraction measurements and Standard Penetration Test (SPT test data for the area of Sisli where, the important part of Istanbul city is located. Also microtremor and earthquake data were evaluated to compare the obtained characteristic site period data. Furthermore Vs30 values are compared by MASW techniques. Finally a seismic microzonation map are prepared integrated use of all geophysical and geotechnical data. According to Eurocode soil classification, study area is mainly formed B type soils. A little part of study area is located C and A type soils. Characteristic site periods obtained by seismic methods is agreement with strong (earthquake) and weak (ambient noise) motion spectral values at some part of study area

Spatio-Temporal Variation of Seawater Intrusion (SWI) inferred from geophysical methods as an ecological indicator; A case study from Dikili, NW Izmir, Turkey

Water resources are fundamental components of ecological life that must be maintained since they are at the risk of both pollution and depletion. Recently, one of the main factors threatening water resources is the ground water salinization

Urban Seismic Microzonation Studies at Small Scales: Sisli/Istanbul (Turkey)

The main purpose of this study is to provide a high-resolution application of urban seismic microzonation. A probabilistic seismic hazard analysis was undertaken in the study area using Poisson probabilistic approaches. The resulting hazard is characterized by a 15% probability that a given level of acceleration will be exceeded in a 50-year period. Using deterministic seismic hazard analysis, the magnitudes were estimated by a quadruple rupture model (with three different fault lengths, 108, 119 and 174km) of the North Anatolian Fault Zone in the Marmara Region. Using both analyses (deterministic and probabilistic), the magnitude of the design earthquake was taken as 7.6. From this design earthquake, accelerations were estimated for several distances (from 25 to 50 km) using several attenuation relationships. In the second phase of the study, soil amplification factors and site characteristic periods were determined and estimated by seismic measurements and Standard Penetration Test data for the Sisli area of central Istanbul. Microtremor and earthquake data were evaluated to compare the characteristic site period data obtained. According to Eurocode soil classifications, the study area mainly consists of B type soils. A small part of the study area has C and A type soils. Characteristic site periods obtained by seismic methods agree with strong (earthquake) and weak (ambient noise) motion spectral values in some parts of the study area. Finally, a seismic microzonation map was prepared for integrated use, incorporating all geophysical and geotechnical data