40 research outputs found
Evidence of a Louse-Borne Outbreak Involving Typhus in Douai, 1710-1712 during the War of Spanish Succession
Background: The new field of paleomicrobiology allows past outbreaks to be identified by testing dental pulp of human remains with PCR. Methods: We identified a mass grave in Douai, France dating from the early XVIII th century. This city was besieged during the European war of Spanish succession. We tested dental pulp from 1192 teeth (including 40 from Douai) by quantitative PCR (qPCR) for R. prowazekii and B. quintana. We also used ultra-sensitive suicide PCR to detect R. prowazekii and genotyped positive samples. Results and Discussion: In the Douai remains, we identified one case of B. quintana infection (by qPCR) and R. prowazekii (by suicide PCR) in 6/21 individuals (29%). The R. prowazekii was genotype B, a genotype previously found in a Spanish isolate obtained in the first part of the XX th century. Conclusion: Louse-borne outbreaks were raging during the XVIII th century; our results support the hypothesis that typhus was imported into Europe by Spanish soldiers from America
The Influence of the British School of Dermatology on the Vienna School in the First Half of the 19th Century
Seminal figures in the history of Movement Disorders: Sydenham, Parkinson, and Charcot: Part 6 of the MDS‐sponsored history of Movement Disorders exhibit, Barcelona, June 2000
Repartition de la chouette cheveche (Athene noctua Scop.) et variation d'echelle d'analyse des paysages
SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 185 (4456) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc