Design and optimization of dielectric resonator antenna array for c-band satellite applications

The increasing use of wireless and satellite communication systems demand the antennas for different systems and standards with properties like reduced size, broadband, multiband operation, moderate gain etc. The planar and dielectric resonator antennas are the present day antenna designer’s choice. However, conducting microstrip patch antennas inherently have a narrow bandwidth. In this thesis, a low-cost compact Dielectric Resonator Antenna array resulting Wideband characteristics with a band dispensation is presented. The antenna is implemented on FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm and relative permittivity (år) of 4.4. It has a partial ground plane. The antenna array is fed by the rectangular conformal patch attached to microstrip line. The reflection coefficient (S11) is less than -10 dB in 5.4 GHz−7.4 GHz frequency range with possible satellite applications. The array factor consideration for Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna is also been analysed in this thesis. The proposed antenna array is then optimized using genetic optimization technique to reduce the side lobe level and at the same time to increase the directive gain of the antenna. The performance characteristics of the proposed antenna are simulated using CST microwave studio 2011TM software. The performance characteristics that have been analysed using CST microwave studio 2011TM software are Return loss (S11), Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) and Farfield radiation pattern plot. The ‘Roger’ dielectric material is used for resonator having dielectric constant (år=10.1). The dielectric material ‘Teflon’ can also be introduces in place of roger as rogger is not easily available. The thesis contains MATLAB generated plots showing the optimization using the concept of genetic algorithm

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION TO FIND THE OPTIMUM DOSE OF STEEL FIBERS IN CONCRETE INCORPORATING ULTRA FINE SLAG

This paper presents a comparison between split tensile strength of normal concrete by adding 12% ultrafine slag (Alccofine) and varying percentage of steel fibers. Different materials like fly ash, silica fume, GGBS, rice husk ash has played important part in the development of high performance concrete. During recent past use of mineral admixture has gained pace. There is huge savings in terms of energy and cost when industrial by products are used as partial replacement of cement which is otherwise highly energy intensive. In this paper one of the mineral admixture ultra fine slag (alccofine) is used as a partial replacement of cement. Due to its appropriate size and shape this mineral admixture can be used comfortably even under low water cement ratio. In this paper cement is partially replaced by a fixed amount of alccofine i.e. 12% by weight of cement which has been calculated from previous literatures. Concrete cylinders with 12% alccofine and Steel fibers of varying weight were casted and tested at different ages of curing. Flexural strength was also determined using similar variations of steel fibers and alccofine. Efforts have been done to investigate the performance of concrete using ultra fine slag and steel fibers which can be termed as high strength and high performance concrete

Minimal Intubating Dose of Succinylcholine: A Comparative Study of 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 mg/kg Dose

Muscle relaxants are integral part of modern balanced anesthesia and succinylcholine, a depolarizing drug, is in use despite its adverse effects. The excellent intubating condition, fastest onset and shortest duration of action make it an excellent choice for anesthesiologists. The conventional dose of 1.5-2 mg/kg is commonly used for obtaining relaxation for intubation. This study was conducted with much smaller dose of succinylcholine as 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 mg/kg to evaluate the acceptable intubating dose at 60 seconds, which was unlikely to have any untoward/side effects

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Not AvailableIndia is agriculture based country and has experienced an enormous change in food and nutrition utilization design since the financial change in mid 1990s. Agribusiness is considered as the backbone for Indian economy, therefore Indo Gangetic Plain (IGP) holds vast agricultural importance contributing to major portion to our national income. High financial development rates of Indian economy have neglected to enhance food security in India. The welfare of an expanding economy are not shared equally as the country is still home to one-third of the world’s poor. Hunger in India is considered as a genuine imprint on its development and food security has now evolved as a principal issue. Presently, interest in agriculture, nutrition, and dietary security is a prime worry for the country to accomplish the target of encroachment. An expansive area of Indian population is experiencing lack of healthy sustenance and deficiency of nourishment grains. This paper demonstrates nourishment utilization design across selected social and economic groups in the states coming under IGP region of India which includes West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh Punjab and Haryana. The analysis helps in distinguishing the disparities among calorie, protein and fat consumption in IGP region. An attempt has also been made in recognizing socio-economic groups suffering from deficiencies in nutrition consumption.Not Availabl

The pancreatic and extrapancreatic manifestations of IgG4-related disease

The association between immunoglobulin IgG4 and autoimmune pancreatitis was first shown in 2001. Since then many previously established fibrosclerotic diseases demonstrating synchronous or metachronous multiorgan involvement have been included within the ambit of IgG4-related disease. Diagnostic criteria have been proposed involving 1) serum IgG4 level elevated beyond 135 mg/dL, 2) IgG4+ to IgG+ plasma cell ratio >40% and >10 IgG4+ cells per high power field of biopsy sample and 3) a constellation of imaging features which involve a variety of organ systems. We present a pictorial essay demonstrating the spectrum of imaging findings for IgG4-related disease, including dacryosialadenitis, variety of renal lesions, tumefactive thickening of the extraocular muscles and orbital nerve, sclerosing cholangitis, and type I pancreatitis. Imaging plays an important role in diagnosis, screening for multiorgan involvement, and follow-up of the disease

Role of Experiential Trust in E-Shopping Behaviour: An Emerging Market Perspective

Addressing the limited research on online shopping trust in the emerging e-market context, this study examined how online experience affects experiential trust, attitude, perceived risk, perceived usefulness, and purchase intention. Further, experiential trust was tested as a mediator between online experience and attitude, perceived risk, and perceived usefulness. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect data from 583 respondents. The proposed hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling using AMOS 23 and hierarchical regression analysis. The result indicates that online experience is significant in forming experiential trust. The findings also show that experiential trust plays an important role in influencing e-shoppers’ purchasing behavior. Furthermore, it has been found that online experience and experiential trust function as distinct predictors of perceived risk in online shopping behavior. This study provides new insights into online shopping behavior in emerging e-market scenarios. Practically, the findings suggest the strategic importance of generating experiential trust in the e-retailing context and indicate the utility of past online experiences

Analyzing W.B. Yeats Selected Poetry Through Feminist Epistemology: A Reassessment

W.B. Yeats stands out as one of the most influential poets of the twentieth century. His symbolic poetry and his political and philosophical ideas are all prominently reflected in his work. During his lifetime, he was deeply influenced by a few remarkable women who made significant contributions to his poetic development and played a pivotal role in shaping his personality. Yeats's poems chosen for this study offer a profound insight into the predicament of women within various socio-cultural and economic contexts. This analysis will explore how Yeats projected female voices through multiple images and symbols in poems such as 'A Prayer for My Daughter,' 'Among School Children,' and 'Leda and the Swan.' While Maud Gonne is widely recognized as a central figure in Yeats's love poems, it's essential to acknowledge that she wasn't the sole woman who influenced the artist's evolution. Others, like Lady Gregory, Olivia Shakespeare, and George Hyde-Lees, the wife of W.B. Yeats, played significant roles in the later phase of his life, particularly in developing his philosophical treatise, "A Vision." In his final poems, Yeats attempted to convey his ultimate understanding of love, emphasizing its perfection in the unbroken relationship between the body and the mind. Works like 'Among School Children,' 'Leda and the Swan,' 'The Second Coming,' 'Sailing to Byzantium,' 'A Man Young and Old,' and many other universally acclaimed poems were inspired by his complex relationships with Maud Gonne and others

Physiochemical Characteristics Analysis of Garrah River Water at Shahjahanpur, Ganga River Basin, Uttar Pradesh, India

This study focuses on the physiochemical analysis of the Garrah River in Shahjahanpur, within the Ganga River Basin, Uttar Pradesh, India. The research evaluates the impact of various pollutants, including industrial and municipal sewage, on the river's water quality. Water samples were collected from three locations along the river, representing different pollution levels. The analysis included parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), color, odor, electrical conductivity, temperature, chemical oxygen demand (COD), salinity, and the concentrations of various elements. The findings showed variations in water quality parameters, with DO, TSS, COD, and heavy metals indicating significant pollution, particularly downstream. Color and odor also suggested pollution from nearby industries. The study revealed that some parameters exceeded WHO standards for drinking water, raising concerns about health risks from exposure to contaminants like chromium. Urgent actions are required to treat municipal sewage and industrial effluents before discharging into the Garrah River. This research highlights the need for ongoing monitoring and sustainable management of water resources in the Ganga River Basin to protect the ecosystem and local communities. It underscores the importance of improving water quality in the region