Isosporose canina: uma abordagem clínica neonatal

Acute diarrhea in young dogs is among the main complaints described by tutors in veterinary services. Complications related to water and electrolyte imbalances due to intestinal alterations can compromise homeostasis in these pups, mainly due to dehydration. Consequently, they do not present a satisfactory clinical response and are exposed to the risk of early death. Among the different types of diarrhea, the infectious diarrhea due to viruses, bacteria, and parasites are particularly significant. Coccidia of the genus Isospora (Cvstoisospora spp.) is an important intestinal pathogen that causes severe clinical manifestations in puppies. Since high parasitic loads render these puppies highly susceptible to opportunistic infections, coccidia infection may cause impaired corporal and cognitive development and even lead to death. Studies regarding this issue, particularly concerning clinical knowledge in neonatology, are scarce in veterinary medicine. Thus, in this study, we intend to discuss the enteric alterations and the most commonly used current diagnostic techniques, as well as to analyze effective therapeutic and prophylactic proposals40637973803sem informaçãoAs diarreias agudas em cães jovens estão entre as principais queixas descritas pelos tutores nos serviços veterinários. As complicações relacionadas aos desequilíbrios hídrico e eletrolítico decorrentes das alterações intestinais comprometem a homeostase destes filhotes, principalmente devido a desidratação, não apresentam resposta clínica satisfatória e ficam expostos ao risco de morte precoce. Dentre os diferentes tipos de diarreia, sobressaem as de origem infecciosa. Os agentes podem ser vírus, bactérias, fungos e parasitos. Entre estes últimos agentes, os coccídios do Gênero Isospora (Cystoisospora spp.) se destacam como patógenos intestinais que ocasionam manifestações clínicas graves em filhotes, pois elevadas cargas parasitárias propiciam condição de maior susceptibilidade à infecções oportunistas, podendo também prejudicar o desenvolvimento corporal e cognitivo e/ou até mesmo levar a morte do cão. Diante de tal temática, na medicina veterinária os estudos são escassos, principalmente quanto ao conhecimento clínico em neonatologia de tal modo tencionamos discutir a respeito das alterações entéricas, métodos de diagnóstico mais utilizados e atuais, bem como analisar as propostas terapêuticas e profiláticas efetivassem informaçã

Staining blindly - an update on coloring techniques for fecal smears in parasitology: a scoping review.

This is a project for a scoping review in parasitology. Our main question is focused on investigate the literature status to answer how staining solutions and intestinal parasites interact in the Ova and Parasites (O&P) examination

Use of the aqueous biphasic system as an alternative for concentration of ascaris lumbricoides eggs, with non-toxic separation of faecal residues and fats

Human enteroparasites are considered a serious public health problem in underdeveloped countries located in world regions with tropical, subtropical and equatorial climates. These parasites are commonly diagnosed by the Parasitological Examination of Faeces (PEF), performed by conventional techniques and/or commercial kits that result in tests with low-to-moderate sensitivity, due to the use of destructive chemical solvents to parasite structures, and to present excess adipose substance and digestive residues in their microscopic slides. In order to improve the efficacy of these tests/examinations, this study aimed to investigate a new alternative for the PEF, with the use of Aqueous Biphasic System (ABS). For this, four ABSs containing poly (ethylene glycol), PEG (PEG-4000 and PEG-6000), dipotassium phosphate and sodium citrate at different concentrations in the biphasic systems were evaluated with faecal samples containing eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides. The ABS consisting of PEG-4000 and dipotassium phosphate, at concentrations of 55% w/w and 20% w/w, respectively, achieved 100% satisfactory results compared to the conventional TF-Test technique in terms of preservation and concentration of A. lumbricoides eggs, with adequate separation of digestive residues, without using a centrifuge or chemical solvents that may cause harm to the parasites. This study presents ABS as a new low-cost technical principle for the detection of parasite eggs in PEF. The new technique is simple, fast, non-toxic, not harmful to the parasite and does not require a centrifuge. Human enteroparasites are considered a serious public health problem in underdeveloped countries located in world regions with tropical, subtropical and equatorial climates. These parasites are commonly diagnosed by the Parasitological Examination of Faeces (PEF), performed by conventional techniques and/or commercial kits that result in tests with low-to-moderate sensitivity, due to the use of destructive chemical solvents to parasite structures, and to present excess adipose substance and digestive residues in their microscopic slides. In order to improve the efficacy of these tests/examinations, this study aimed to investigate a new alternative for the PEF, with the use of Aqueous Biphasic System (ABS). For this, four ABSs containing poly (ethylene glycol), PEG (PEG-4000 and PEG-6000), dipotassium phosphate and sodium citrate at different concentrations in the biphasic systems were evaluated with faecal samples containing eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides. The ABS consisting of PEG-4000 and dipotassium phosphate, at concentrations of 55% w/w and 20% w/w, respectively, achieved 100% satisfactory results compared to the conventional TF-Test technique in terms of preservation and concentration of A. lumbricoides eggs, with adequate separation of digestive residues, without using a centrifuge or chemical solvents that may cause harm to the parasites. This study presents ABS as a new low-cost technical principle for the detection of parasite eggs in PEF. The new technique is simple, fast, non-toxic, not harmful to the parasite and does not require a centrifuge24111320132

Automated diagnosis of canine gastrointestinal parasites using image analysis

Because canine intestinal parasites are considered cosmopolitan, they carry significant zoonotic potential to public health. These etiological agents are routinely diagnosed using microscopic examination commonly used because of its low cost, simple execution, and direct evidence. However, there are reports in the literature on the poor performance of this test due to low to moderate sensitivity resulting from frequent errors, procedures and interpretation. Therefore, to improve the diagnostic efficiency of microscopic examination in veterinary medicine, we developed and evaluated a unique new protocol. This system was tested in a study involving four genera of highly prevalent canine intestinal parasites in an endemic region in São Paulo state, Brazil. Fecal samples from 104 animals were collected for this research. The new protocol had a significantly higher (p < 0.0001) number of positive cases on image data, including parasites and impurities, and was elaborate to test them with the TF-GII/Dog technique, with a moderate agreement and Kappa index of 0.7636. We concluded that the new Prototic Coproparasitological Test for Dogs (PC-Test Dog) allowed a better visualization of the parasitic structures and showed a favorable result for the diagnosis of intestinal parasites in dogs92FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP14/12236-1; 17/14189-