An anatomical and ecological study on some Crocus L. taxa (Iridaceae) from the west part of Turkey

A comparative anatomical and ecological study was made of nine Crocus taxa (C. gargaricus subsp. gargaricus, C. chrysanthus, C. biflorus subsp. nubigena, C. flavus subsp. dissectus, C. olivieri subsp. istanbulensis, C. candidus, C. pallasii subsp. pallasii, C. cancellatus subsp. mazziaricus, C. pulchellus) from the west part of Turkey. Leaf anatomy has been differentiated among the taxa. The lower surfaces of the arms and the sides of keels have projections only in C. biflorus subsp. nubigena. Anticlinal walls of epidermis in stomatal regions are generally sinuous, but sometimes straight. There are four large vascular bundles in the margin of the arms and on the corner of the keels. Sclerenchymatous tissue was observed in phloem and xylem poles of larger bundles in C. flavus subsp. dissectus, C. olivieri subsp. istanbulensis, C. candidus, C. pallasii subsp. pallasii, while it was observed only in the phloem pole in C. gargaricus subsp. gargaricus, C. chrysanthus, C. biflorus subsp. nubigena, C. cancellatus subsp. mazziaricus, C. pulchellus. All taxa grow on clayey-loamy and clayey soils, with pH 6.09–7.18, with 3.1–5.7% of CaCO3, 3.1–5.7% of organic matter, 2.5–67.7% of phosphorus, and 52.7–198.7% of potassium

Comparative morphological, anatomical, ecological and chemical studies on endemic Satureja parnassica subsp. sipylea from Turkey

Satureja. parnassica Heldr.et Sart. subsp. sipylea P.H. Davis is a subspecies endemic to Turkey. The anatomical, morphological, ecological and chemical features of S. parnassica subsp. sipylea have been investigated. Plant samples were collected from different regions in Turkey. The morphological features of various organs of the plant such as leaf and flower are described in detail. In anatomical studies, transverse sections of the plant stem and leaf have been examined and supported by illustration and photographs. Ecological studies provide information about the physical and chemical structure of soil types in Spil Mountain and Marmara Island. The chemical composition of the essential oil of aerial parts of the plant was examined

Phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological properties of the genus opopanax W.D.J. Koch: A Mini-Review

The genus Opopanax W.D.J. Koch is a member of the Apiaceae family, distributed throughout the Mediterranean region and comprises only three recognized and well-defined species, O. chironium (L.) W.D.J. Koch, O. hispidus (Friv.) Griseb. and O. persicus Boiss. The species of this genus with yellow flowers are well-known in traditional medicine and consumed as food. This review critically appraises published literature on the phytochemistry, traditional usages, and pharmacological activities of the genus Opopanax. In addition, it provides evidence to suggest that the plants from this genus have potential phytotherapeutic applications. Previous phytochemical and bioactivity studies revealed that the genus Opopanax predominantly produces coumarins, diterpenes, phenolics, and phthalides, and possesses various biological and pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The phytochemical profile and pharmacological activities of the genus Opopanax could be useful for further study and might find additional medicinal applications in evidence-based phytotherapy

Fatty acid composition of seeds of Satureja thymbra and S. cuneifolia

The chemical composition of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from seeds of S. Thymbra and S. cuneifolia were analyzed by GC/MS. 7 FAMEs were identified from the seeds of S. Thymbra mainly as 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (43.9%), hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (11.4%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (Z,Z,Z) (30.2%), and octadecanoic acid methyl ester (14.1%), while from the seed of S. Cuneifolia 10 FAMEs were obtained with the main components, similar to S. thymbra. These were identified as 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (10.1%), hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (methyl palmitate, 34.6%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (Z,Z,Z) (6.3%) and octadecanoic acid methyl ester (1.8%)

Fatty acid compositions of seed oils of three Turkish salvia species and biological activities

The fatty acid composition of seed extracts of Salvia bracteata, S. aethiopis, and S. candidissima ssp. candidissima were analyzed by GC/MS. The main compound of S. bracteata, S. aethiopis, and S. candidissima ssp. candissima. was found to be 9,12-octadecenoic acid at 64.3%, 73.4%, and 20.8%, respectively. The seed extracts of S. bracteata showed activity against S. aureus E. coli, M. smegmatis, and C. albicans with MIC values of 1.1, 0.5, 1.1, and 1.1 mg/mL, respectively, while the seeds extract of S. aethiopis showed activity against the same microorganisms with MIC values of 2.2, 2.2, 1.1, and 1.1 mg/mL, respectively. However, the seed extract of S. candidissima ssp. candidissima showed activity only against M. smegmatis with a MIC value of 0.25 mg/mL