A Generic Framework for Extraction of Knowledge from Social Web Sources (Social Networking Websites) for an Online Recommendation System

Mining social web data is a challenging task and finding user interest for personalized and non-personalized recommendation systems is another important task. Knowledge sharing among web users has become crucial in determining usage of web data and personalizing content in various social websites as per the user’s wish. This paper aims to design a framework for extracting knowledge from web sources for the end users to take a right decision at a crucial juncture. The web data is collected from various web sources and structured appropriately and stored as an ontology based data repository. The proposed framework implements an online recommender application for the learners online who pursue their graduation in an open and distance learning environment. This framework possesses three phases: data repository, knowledge engine, and online recommendation system. The data repository possesses common data which is attained by the process of acquiring data from various web sources. The knowledge engine collects the semantic data from the ontology based data repository and maps it to the user through the query processor component. Establishment of an online recommendation system is used to make recommendations to the user for a decision making process. This research work is implemented with the help of an experimental case study which deals with an online recommendation system for the career guidance of a learner. The online recommendation application is implemented with the help of R-tool, NLP parser and clustering algorithm.This research study will help users to attain semantic knowledge from heterogeneous web sources and to make decisions

Reliability of the Panoramic Imaging Compared to Cone-beam Computed Tomography in Determining the Relationship of the Third Molar to the Mandibular Canal

Background: The incidence of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve during mandibular molar extraction increased the demand for pre-surgical planning to avoid any complications. Aim: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the dental panoramic image compared to cone-beam computed tomo graphy (CBCT) in predicting the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) exposure during impacted third molar extraction. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study of consecutive patients, consulted for third molar extraction under local anesthesia. Thirty-two patients showed sign of proximity of the roots of the third molars to the mandibular canal from the dental panoramic image, were selected for CBCT. Results: With respect to the interobserver reliability, no significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed for the prediction on nerve exposure and injury from the dental panoramic image, however, showed a significant difference (p = 0.001) for the cone-beam computed tomography. The prevalence of contact between the third molar to the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) was 96.8% with a significant finding p = 0.002. There was a significant difference in the loss of cortex in predicting nerve exposure with p = 0.04. Clinically, three patients had nerve exposure and two patients had neurosensory disturbances. Conclusion: Dental panoramic image is still valuable for predicting the proximity of the third molar to the inferior alveolar canal. Nevertheless, CBCT has the best precision in localizing the close contact between the third molar and the inferior alveolar canal. Clinical significance: There was no significant finding from the CBCT for the incidence of the inferior alveolar nerve exposure and injury. However, it was seen to be accurate in predicting the IAN exposure. All these findings prove that cone-beam computed tomography contributes in the surgical plan, reduced operative time and patient morbidity

Serum free light chain level at diagnosis in myeloma cast nephropathy-a multicentre study.

Myeloma cast nephropathy (MCN) is a common cause of severe renal impairment in multiple myeloma (MM). The level of free light chain (FLC) that causes MCN varies substantially and there is uncertainty about the threshold level that should be used to inform clinical practice. In a multicentre cohort study of 103 patients with a diagnosis of MM and biopsy-confirmed MCN made between 2002-2014, we report prospectively measured levels of serum FLC at diagnosis obtained using a single nephelometric assay (Freelite®) and we explore the relationship between serum FLC level at diagnosis with renal outcome and patient survival. Using a landmark approach, overall survival (OS) was compared between patients who achieved independence from dialysis compared to those who remained dialysis dependent at 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month time points. The median serum FLC level at diagnosis was 7531 mg/L (range 107-114600). Serum creatinine was 535 μmol/L (range 168-2993) and eGFR 7 ml/min/1.73 m (range 1-34). Six patients (5.8%) had an FLC level  500 mg/L should be considered the threshold level associated with the development of MCN