ASSESSMENT OF SURFACE WATER DYNAMICS USING MULTIPLE WATER INDICES AROUND ADAMA WOREDA, ETHIOPIA

Rapid change of Adama wereda during the last three decades has posed a serious threat to the existence of ecological systems, specifically water bodies which play a crucial part in supporting life. Role of Satellite images in Remote Sensing could be more important in investigation, monitoring dynamically and planning of natural surface water resources. Landsat-5(TM) & Landsat 8 (OLI) has high spatial, temporal and multispectral resolution and therefore provides consistent and perfect data to detect changes in surface changes of water bodies. In this paper, a study was conducted to detect the changes in water body extent during the period of 1984, 2000 and 2017 using various water indices such as namely Water Ratio Index (WRI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), supervised classification and wetness component of K-T transformation and the results are Presented. NDWI has been adopted for this study as compared with other indices through ground survey. The results showed an intense decreasing trend in the lakes of chelekleka, kiroftu, lake 1 and lake 3 of surface area in the period 1984–2017, especially between 2000 and 2017 when the lake lost about 1.309 km2 (one third) of its surface area compared to the year 2000, which is equivalent to 76%, 18%, 0.03% and 96%. Interestingly koka lake has shown very erratic changes in its area coverage by losing almost 3.5 km2 between 1984 and 2000 and then climbing back up by 14.8 km2 in 2017. Percentage of increment was observed that 10.6% as compared with previous year

TRMM and Rain gauge dataset for ethiopia

Drought – a very critical natural process which greatly affects the agriculture which is the major source for human existence. Various researches, experiments have been done in the past which monitored meteorological droughts using standardized indices of precipitation deficits. They mostly relied on rain gauge-based measurements which has the limitations of spatial coverage, data availability and cost efficiency. The purpose of this paper is the potential to apply the satellite derived rainfall product to monitor meteorological drought. Most common is the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for research and operational applications on meteorological and agricultural drought monitoring and early warning. The monthly precipitation data accuracy of TRMM (the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission) 3B43, was implemented by comparison with the rainfall data of five ground stations in and around Adama woreda from 1998 to 2015. The substantial correlations between the two sources were found during August, and the decision coefficients (R2) are 0.10, 0.25, 0.065, 0.05 and 0.49 respectively. TRMM rainfall data from 1998 to 2015 were used to calculate 3,6,9 and 12-month Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) pixel by pixel for Adama woreda. This 3,6,9 and 12 month SPI was incorporated to depict spatial patterns of meteorological drought and its severity during typical drought and wet years. Further, time series of SPI were considered to assess the drought risk in Adama woreda. We clinch that the TRMM product can properly monitor meteorological droughts though it has relatively short dataset length (~15 years). Lastly, we suggest an assimilation of rain gauge and satellite-based precipitation data to provide more robust estimates of meteorological drought severity

TRMM and Rain gauge dataset for Adama,Ethiopia.

Drought – a very critical natural process which greatly affects the agriculture which is the major source for human existence. Various researches, experiments have been done in the past which monitored meteorological droughts using standardized indices of precipitation deficits. They mostly relied on rain gauge-based measurements which has the limitations of spatial coverage, data availability and cost efficiency. The purpose of this paper is the potential to apply the satellite derived rainfall product to monitor meteorological drought. Most common is the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for research and operational applications on meteorological and agricultural drought monitoring and early warning. The monthly precipitation data accuracy of TRMM (the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission) 3B43, was implemented by comparison with the rainfall data of five ground stations in and around Adama woreda from 1998 to 2015. The substantial correlations between the two sources were found during August, and the decision coefficients (R2) are 0.10, 0.25, 0.065, 0.05 and 0.49 respectively. TRMM rainfall data from 1998 to 2015 were used to calculate 3,6,9 and 12-month Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) pixel by pixel for Adama woreda. This 3,6,9 and 12 month SPI was incorporated to depict spatial patterns of meteorological drought and its severity during typical drought and wet years. Further, time series of SPI were considered to assess the drought risk in Adama woreda. We clinch that the TRMM product can properly monitor meteorological droughts though it has relatively short dataset length (~15 years). Lastly, we suggest an assimilation of rain gauge and satellite-based precipitation data to provide more robust estimates of meteorological drought severity

TRMM and Rain gauge dataset for Adama,Ethiopia.

Drought – a very critical natural process which greatly affects the agriculture which is the major source for human existence. Various researches, experiments have been done in the past which monitored meteorological droughts using standardized indices of precipitation deficits. They mostly relied on rain gauge-based measurements which has the limitations of spatial coverage, data availability and cost efficiency. The purpose of this paper is the potential to apply the satellite derived rainfall product to monitor meteorological drought. Most common is the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for research and operational applications on meteorological and agricultural drought monitoring and early warning. The monthly precipitation data accuracy of TRMM (the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission) 3B43, was implemented by comparison with the rainfall data of five ground stations in and around Adama woreda from 1998 to 2015. The substantial correlations between the two sources were found during August, and the decision coefficients (R2) are 0.10, 0.25, 0.065, 0.05 and 0.49 respectively. TRMM rainfall data from 1998 to 2015 were used to calculate 3,6,9 and 12-month Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) pixel by pixel for Adama woreda. This 3,6,9 and 12 month SPI was incorporated to depict spatial patterns of meteorological drought and its severity during typical drought and wet years. Further, time series of SPI were considered to assess the drought risk in Adama woreda. We clinch that the TRMM product can properly monitor meteorological droughts though it has relatively short dataset length (~15 years). Lastly, we suggest an assimilation of rain gauge and satellite-based precipitation data to provide more robust estimates of meteorological drought severity.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

TRMM and Rain gauge dataset for ethiopia

Drought – a very critical natural process which greatly affects the agriculture which is the major source for human existence. Various researches, experiments have been done in the past which monitored meteorological droughts using standardized indices of precipitation deficits. They mostly relied on rain gauge-based measurements which has the limitations of spatial coverage, data availability and cost efficiency. The purpose of this paper is the potential to apply the satellite derived rainfall product to monitor meteorological drought. Most common is the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for research and operational applications on meteorological and agricultural drought monitoring and early warning. The monthly precipitation data accuracy of TRMM (the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission) 3B43, was implemented by comparison with the rainfall data of five ground stations in and around Adama woreda from 1998 to 2015. The substantial correlations between the two sources were found during August, and the decision coefficients (R2) are 0.10, 0.25, 0.065, 0.05 and 0.49 respectively. TRMM rainfall data from 1998 to 2015 were used to calculate 3,6,9 and 12-month Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) pixel by pixel for Adama woreda. This 3,6,9 and 12 month SPI was incorporated to depict spatial patterns of meteorological drought and its severity during typical drought and wet years. Further, time series of SPI were considered to assess the drought risk in Adama woreda. We clinch that the TRMM product can properly monitor meteorological droughts though it has relatively short dataset length (~15 years). Lastly, we suggest an assimilation of rain gauge and satellite-based precipitation data to provide more robust estimates of meteorological drought severity.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Development of durable antibacterial agent from ban-ajwain seed (<i>Thymus serpyllum</i>) for cotton fabric

234-241Methanolic extract of ajwain seeds (wild celery seed) has been analyzed by GC-MS to establish its chemical constituents. The extract is found to have good antibacterial property to selected micro-organisms and hence has been applied on cotton fabric to impart antimicrobial property and to evaluate its wash durability. It is found that the treated fabric shows good antibacterial property to both Gram positive and Gram negative organisms, but has poor wash durability. Hence, to fix the herbal extract on cotton fabric different techniques, like microencapsulation, cross-linking and a combination of both, have been employed. It is observed that herbal extract encapsulated with acacia gum is durable up to 15 normal wash cycles. Herbal extract cross-linked with a resin is found to be durable up to 10 washes. In both the cases, fabric lost one of the physical properties like crease recovery angle or tensile strength. However, a combined technique shows that treated fabrics are durable up to 15 washes without compromising physical properties

Antibacterial finish for cotton fabric from herbal products

50-58An ecofriendly natural antibacterial finish has been prepared from the plant extracts for textile application. Herbal extracts from Ocimum sanctum (tulsi leaf) and rind of Punica granatum (pomegranate) have been applied to cotton fabric by the method of direct application, micro-encapsulation, resin cross-linking and their combinations. All the treatments show good antibacterial properties for the fabrics. Except the method of direct application, all other treatments show good washing durability up to 15 washes. The surface morphological studies using SEM show the surface coating, microcapsules and some fibrillation. The GC-MS studies reveal that the major components responsible for the antibacterial properties are Eugenol, Germacrene and Phytol. A small decrease in tensile strength and crease recovery angle is observed for resin treated and micro-encapsulated fabrics respectively. But in the combined processes no significant changes are observed