Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Kwesioner Etiologi dan Faktor Risiko Kanker Nasofaring

Validity and reliability tests on questionnaires designed for etiology and risk factors of nasopharynx cancerBackground: The etiology and risk factors of NPC is a combination of multi-risk factors of genetic history, lifestyle, environmental exposure, and EBV infection. Currently, there is no publication about NPC's questionnaire. This study analyzed the reliability and validity of the questionnaire of NPC's etiology and risk factors.Methods: The cross-sectional study of the questionnaires of NPC's etiology and risk factors were filled by the used-tryout samples i.e NPC sufferers and their family members, in April to August 2012. The study were done at Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Kariadi & St. Elisabeth Hospitals Semarang. There are three main constructs, namely; genetic, lifestyle, and environmental exposure. The 74 filled-questionnaires were tested by correlation analysis of product moment for the validity, and the reliability tests conducted with Cronbach's Alpha. The data were analyzed with SPSS for Windows version 17.0.Results: A test for risk family history constructs were valid (p>0.932) and reliabel (Cronbach's Alpha=0.864). A test for lifestyle with a Pearson Correlation were p>0.785 for smoking habit, eating salted fish p>0.793, eating grilled-fish p>0.862, eating pickled p>0.831, drinking alcohol p>0.760, instant noodle p>0.497, food preservation p>0.495, food contains MSG p>0.627, with Cronbach's Alpha>0.751. A test for environmental exposure risk were valid for the exposure to passive cigarette smoke (p>0.486) Cronbach's Alpha=0.789,the exposure of the home environment p>0.658 Cronbach's Alpha=0.832, exposure-related jobs p>0.373 Cronbach's Alpha=0.697, and chronic nasopharingitis are all valid (p>0.900) with Cronbach's Alpha=0851.Conclusions: The questionnaires designed as a tool of NPC's etiology and risk factors are valid and reliable

The Correlations Among Constructs in the Health Belief Model and Self-efficacy in Applying the Newly Developed Indonesian Model of Assertive Communication (Cerdas)

Background: One of the most important factors in providing health services is communication. Effective communication between patient-physician will have an impact on health outcomes. Nevertheless, a gap still occurs in patient-physician communication.Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation between the core concepts of the well-established Health Belief Model: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and cues to action with the concept of self-efficacy in applying the newly developed Indonesian Model of Assertive Communication called "CERDAS”.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted with 202 eligible women of the Family Welfare Programme in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The samples were selected using quota sampling. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test.Results: Results of the Pearson correlation tests between self efficacy and perceived susceptibiliy showed r: 0.191, perceived severity r: 0.239, perceived benefits r: 0.256, perceived barriers r: 0.272, and cues to action r: 229; with all values p<0.05.Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefits and perceived barriers, as well as cues to action with self-efficacy in applying the new Model of Assertive Patient-Physician Communication, "CERDAS”