Physico-chemical attributes and organoleptic assessment of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cultivars grown in eastern Uttar Pradesh

A study was conducted to evaluate the different guava cultivars for their physico-chemical composition and organoleptic assessment during the year 2012-2013. Results of study indicated that Gorakh Bilas Pasand cultivar proved to be superior on the basis of physical characters (Length-7.64 cm, Breadth-7.79 cm , Weight-240.60 g, Number of seeds per fruit-251 etc.) followed by Lucknow-49. However, Lucknow-49 was found noteworthy in respect of chemical composition (TSS-13.00 oBrix, Acidity-0.50%, pH-5.86, Vitamin C-300.36 mg/100g etc). In organoleptic assessment, it was found that ‘liked very much’ rating was provided by consumer to Lucknow-49. On the basis of overall findings, it was concluded that ‘Lucknow-49’ was superior in most of characters studied and might be one of the promising cultivars for quality fruits under eastern Uttar Pradesh conditions

Comparative Morphology of Ligules of Three Indian Species of Selaginella

Volume: 100Start Page: 71End Page: 7

An Appraisal of Technological Interventions on Mustard Crop under Cluster Front Line Demonstrations

Aims: To boost production and profitability, the current study's evaluation of technical interventions focused on a cluster front line demonstration on mustard crop, which was carried out in the KVK's operational territory in district Bhadohi of Uttar Pradesh. Study Design: Yield gap analysis under cluster front line demonstration. Place and Duration of Study: The present study was conducted by ICAR-IIVR - Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bhadohi on mustard at farmer’s field in different blocks of Bhadohi district under cluster front line demonstration during the period 2016-17 to 2020-21. Methodology: From 2016-17 through 2020-21, 374 demonstrations were carried out on farmer fields totaling 153 hectares under cluster front line demonstration, with farmer practice acting as the comparison control. KVK scientists collected yield, production expenses, and return data from farmers' practice plots (control plots) and front-line demonstration plots. Finally, the extension gap, technology gap, and technology index were calculated using the methods describe in Samui et al. [1]. Results:  The five-year study's findings show that the demonstration plots' average annual yield was 24.20 q/ha in compared to the traditional agricultural plots' average annual yield of 17.26 q/ha. This higher yield of 4.85 q/ha and the 40.12% rise in mustard productivity over the previous five years may be enough to meet the state's current needs for oilseeds. The five-year averages for the technology gap, extension gap, and technology index were found to be 5.8 q/ha, 6.8 q/ha, and 19.35%, respectively. The finding unequivocally shows that CFLDs have advantages over conventional practices. The technology gap, extension gap, and technology index five-year averages were determined to be 5.8 q/ha, 6.8 q/ha, and 19.35%, respectively. Under the demonstration plot, the Benefit Cost Ratio was shown to be greatest (3.0) during the study year 2017-18 and lowest (2.24) during the study year 2019-20, but it averaged 2.65 during the five-year study period. As a result, positive benefit-cost ratios established the economic sustainability of the interventions and persuaded farmers in the Uttar Pradesh area of Bhadohi of their worth. Conclusion: According to the findings of the five-year study, the demonstration plots' pooled five-year average production was 24.20 q/ha as opposed to the traditional farmer practices plots' 17.26 q/ha. This enhanced yield of 4.85 q/ha and the 40.12% rise in mustard productivity over the previous five years, may be helpful meet to the state's current needs for oilseeds. The finding unequivocally shows that CFLDs have advantages over conventional practices. During the years of investigation, it was shown that the benefit-cost ratio was higher when agricultural practices were demonstrated.  According to the result it is concluded that the yield and net profit may be increase using HYV RH-749 with the recommended packages of practices in mustard crop

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Not AvailablePomegranate (Punica granatumL.), a rapidly emerging commercial fruit crop of India to meet the domestic requirements as well as export demands. It is widely cultivated in India from Jammu & Kashmir to Karnataka, due to its adaptability to the diverse climatic conditions, less natural resource demanding nature and high return on investment. Pomegranate is also an ideal fruit crop for utilizing sub-marginal and degraded lands having pH as high as 8.5 provided there is good drainage. With the need of developing improved cultivars over the existing ones, ICAR-National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur, has collected, conserved and maintained over 350 diverse pomegranate germplasm accessions at its Field Gene Banks. These pomegranate germplasm at Field Gene Banks are maintained with minimum tillage of tree beds following principles of conservation agriculture using brush cutter. The effective utilization of these germplasm resources will be possible only after characterization for each of the desirable characters. In the present study, 25 pomegranate accessions were evaluated for 25 quantitative traits in Randomized Block Design with three replications in mrig bahar of 2016-17. The recorded data has showed the presence of variability for the studied morphological and physico-chemical traits. In ANOVA, significant differences between the germplasm accessions were observed at both 5% and 1% level of significance, indicating adequate variability among the genotypes for all characters. Mean performance of the genotypes for fruit yield attributing traits was observed to be 80.25-207.10g (fruit weight), 4.81-6.61cm (fruit length), 4.94-7.08cm(fruit diameter), 18.77-45.23 g (100 arils weight), 26.65-122.05g(total arils weight), 34.93-82.90g(rind weight), 1.83-3.69 mm (Rind thickness), 8.58-11.4 mm(Aril length), 5.4-7.76 mm(Aril width), 15.86-19.20Brix(TSS), 1.51-3.42% (Acidity), 26.01-52.02%(Fruit Juiciness), 68.4-109.92N (Seed texture).Among all traits, total arils weight(43.55) has showed highest Coefficient of Variation (%) value followed by fruit weight (33.75), rind weight (31.53) and 100 arils weight (29.77). Depending on the breeding objectives, selection can be made among these 25 genotypes for traits of interest to develop improved varieties in pomegranate.Not Availabl

Screening of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Genotypes against Web Blight Caused by (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) for Disease Resistance

Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is the important source of proteins, minerals, and vitamins of the predominantly vegetarian Indian diet. Web blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Kuhn) is one of the most important fungal diseases which appear every year in varying intensity and causes heavy reduction in yield. The present investigations were carried out at the Student’s Instructional Farm (S.I.F.) A.N.D.U.A. &T., Kumarganj, Ayodhya to test the resistance of 100 genotypes against Rhizoctonia solani Kühn under natural conditions (In vivo).Genotypes were placed in different grades according to the rating scale  which is based on disease severity. Out of total test entries nine genotypes viz., DGGV-2, OUM11-5, RMG1030, IPM9901-8, DGG1, SML10-82, MH2-15, LGG450 and CGG945 were found free from infection, twelve genotypes viz., RMG-975, CGG-973, AKM -8802, IPM -02-3, MH-4, Pusa -0672, AKM-4, CO-5 Check, Bbara S. check, Asha, BPMR 145 and IPM 02-14 were recorded highly resistant, twenty four genotypes were noticed susceptible and only nine genotypes were found highly susceptible

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Not AvailableIn India, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) suffers yield loss between 11 and 35 % due to root-knot nematode (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) infestation. Mi 1 gene in tomato confers resistance to the three most damaging RKN species viz, Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria and M. javanica. The loss can be averted through the use of cultivars containing Mi 1 gene or incorporating the gene in new cultivars. To identify resistant genotypes, in 2013–2014 a total of 32 genotypes were screened against M. incognita at 2000 J2/Kg inoculum. Genotypes, Motelle and H-88-78-1 have showed immune reaction. Mogor and Hisar Lalit also showed resistance reaction. In 2014–2015, nine genotypes including four immune/resistant lines from the last year were screened against RKN at two inoculation rates of 2000 and 4000 J2. Reaction of Motelle was similar at both inoculum levels. In other resistant genotypes there was increase in mean of gall index when the inoculum levels were increased. The genetic background had an effect on the variations observed in number of galls produced in the resistant genotypes. Marker assisted selection for resistant genes greatly enhance selection of resistant plants in breeding. To identify suitable marker, six polymerase chain reaction based co-dominant markers were used for molecular screening of Mi 1 gene. Four markers namely, REX-1, CT119, Mi23 and Pmi gave banding pattern in accordance with the reported literature. Considering tight linkage with the gene and assay cost twosequences characterized amplified region markers, Mi23 and Pmi can be preferred over other markers for selecting Mi 1 containing genotypes.Not Availabl

Impact of Technological Interventions on Pigeon Pea for Enhancing Income through Cluster Front Line Demonstrations

Aims: The area and production of pigeon pea in Bhadohi are still significantly lower than in other districts of other states. There is a significant yield gap between the potential output and the yield under current farming conditions. To study the impact of technological interventions on the pigeon pea crop for increasing income through Cluster Front Line Demonstrations was the goal of the current study. Place and Duration of Study: Cluster front line demonstrations on improved pigeon pea technologies were carried out by ICAR-IIVR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bhadohi, at farmers' fields from 2015–16 to 2019–20. Methodology: A total of 155 pigeon pea cluster front line demonstrations on improved pigeon pea technologies covering a 45.70 hectare area were held in one hundred eighteen localities. Field days, training and group meetings were also organized to provide opportunities for other farmers to witness the benefits of demonstrated technologies. The output data were collected from CFLD plots as well as control plots (farmers practice) by random crop cutting method and analyzed using simple statistical tools such as per cent change in yield, cost of cultivation, net income, and benefit cost ratio etc.   Results: In the experimental plots, the mean yield over five years was 15.44 q/ha, while it was only 11.21 q/ha in the control plots. Over the course of the five years of the study, the yield development varied, though on average, it was measured at 42.49 percent. When compared to the farmer's practice (28,463/ha), the average net return for the demonstration plots at the farmer's field over the investigation period was greater at 56,611/ha. Additionally, the demonstration plots' benefit-cost ratio was larger (2.32) than the farmer's practice's (1.69). Conclusion: From the aforementioned findings, it can be concluded that using modern technologies for pigeon pea cultivation may significantly close the extension and technology gap, increasing pigeon pea yield in the area. It requires collaborative extension efforts to enhance the adoption of location and crop specific technologies among the farmers to bridge these gaps.   &nbsp

Tracheostomy in Postoperative Pediatric Cardiac Surgical Patients—The Earlier, the Better

Objectives This study was aimed to assess the benefits of early tracheostomy (ET) compared with late tracheostomy (LT) on postoperative outcomes in pediatric cardiac surgical patients. Design Present one is a prospective, observational study. Setting The study was conducted at a cardiac surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. Participants All pediatric patients below 10 years of age, who underwent tracheostomy after cardiac surgery from January2019 to december2019, were subdivided into two groups according to the timing of tracheostomy: “early” if done before 7 days or “late” if done after 7 days postcardiac surgery. Interventions ET versus LT was measured in the study. Results Out of all 1,084 pediatric patients who underwent cardiac surgery over the study period, 41 (3.7%) received tracheostomy. Sixteen (39%) patients underwent ET and 25 (61%) underwent LT. ET had advantages by having reduced risk associations with the following variables: preoperative hospital stay (p = 0.0016), sepsis (p = 0.03), high risk surgery (p = 0.04), postoperative sepsis (p = 0.001), C-reactive protein (p = 0.04), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP; p = 0.006), antibiotic escalation (p = 0.006), and antifungal therapy (p = 0.01) requirement. Furthermore, ET was associated with lesser duration of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.0027), length of ICU stay (LOICUS; p = 0.01), length of hospital stay (LOHS; p = 0.001), lesser days of feed interruption (p = 0.0017), and tracheostomy tube change (p = 0.02). ET group of children, who had higher total ventilation-free days (p = 0.02), were decannulated earlier (p = 0.03) and discharged earlier (p = 0.0089). Conclusion ET had significant benefits in reduction of postoperative morbidities with overall shorter mechanical ventilation, LOICUS, and LOHS, better nutrition supplementation, lesser infection, etc. These benefits may promote faster patient convalescence and rehabilitation with reduced hospital costs