Manajemen Rantai Pasok Komoditas Telur Ayam Kampung

Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan kebijakan pengembangan manajemen rantai pasok komoditas telur ayam kampung secara terpadu. Secara rinci tujuan penelitian adalah 1) mendeskripsikan pelaku rantai pasok komoditas telur ayam kampung; 2) menganalisis kelembagaan manajemen rantai pasok komoditas telur ayam kampung; dan 3) menganalisis rantai nilai komoditas telur ayam kampung. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari hasil wawancara terstruktur dengan peternak ayam kampung petelur serta wawancara kelompok dengan para pelaku rantai pasok di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, dan Kalimantan Selatan. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis R/C ratio, margin tata niaga dan analisis rantai nilai, sementara informasi kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif dengan fokus pada kelembagaan manajemen rantai pasok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat delapan pelaku utama rantai pasok komoditas telur ayam kampung, yaitu pemerintah, industri perbibitan, peternak, kelompok peternak, asosiasi peternak, pedagang di sentra produksi, pedagang di sentra konsumsi, dan industri kue/roti; 2) kelembagaan yang paling strategis dalam keseluruhan rantai pasok komoditas telur ayam kampung adalah kelembagaan distribusi dan pemasaran; dan 3) industri kue/roti menerima nilai tambah terbesar per unit output, sedangkan pedagang besar di pusat produksi dan pedagang besar di pusat konsumsi menerima nilai terbesar secara agregat. Rekomendasi kebijakan yang dihasilkan adalah pengembangan agribisnis komoditas telur ayam kampung harus dilakukan secara terpadu dalam keseluruhan rantai pasok

Growth response of improved native breeds of chicken to diets differed in energy and protein content

The aim of doing this experiment was to observe the growth response of improved native breeds of chicken under diets differed in energy and protein content. Three groups of improved native breeds, obtained from mating of ♂KUB to ♀KUB (Line 1), of ♂SenSi to ♀KUB (Line 2) and of ♂Gaok x ♀KUB (Line 3), were subjected to three experimental diets, differed in metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) content. The experimental diets consisted of Diet 1 (2,800 kcal ME/ kg with 17,81% CP), Diet 2 (2,950 kcal ME/ kg with 18,61% CP) and  Diet 3 (3,100 kcal ME/ kg with 19,25% CP). The experiment was designed as factorial 3 x 3 with 7 replications of each treatment combination, consisted of 5 birds per treatment combination. The chickens were raised up to 10 weeks of age. Results of the experiment showed that Line 2 (♂SenSi mated to ♀KUB) had highest body weight at 10 weeks of age (P0.05), lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and highest European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF), compared to other two lines. The appropriate diet for Line 2 was Diet 2. It could be concluded the crossbred line that was resulted from crossing of ♂SenSi to ♀KUB (Line 2), had potential to be used as improved native chicken for the industry in Indonesia supported by appropriate diet containing 2,950 kcal ME/kg with 18.61% crude protein