Evaluating Automatic Program Repair Capabilities to Repair API Misuses

API misuses are well-known causes of software crashes and security vulnerabilities. However, their detection and repair is challenging given that the correct usages of (third-party) APIs might be obscure to the developers of client programs. This paper presents the first empirical study to assess the ability of existing automated bug repair tools to repair API misuses, which is a class of bugs previously unexplored. Our study examines and compares 14 Java test-suite-based repair tools (11 proposed before 2018, and three afterwards) on a manually curated benchmark (APIREPBENCH) consisting of 101 API misuses. We develop an extensible execution framework (APIARTY) to automatically execute multiple repair tools. Our results show that the repair tools are able to generate patches for 28% of the API misuses considered. While the 11 less recent tools are generally fast (the median execution time of the repair attempts is 3.87 minutes and the mean execution time is 30.79 minutes), the three most recent are less efficient (i.e., 98% slower) than their predecessors. The tools generate patches for API misuses that mostly belong to the categories of missing null check, missing value, missing exception, and missing call. Most of the patches generated by all tools are plausible (65%), but only few of these patches are semantically correct to human patches (25%). Our findings suggest that the design of future repair tools should support the localisation of complex bugs, including different categories of API misuses, handling of timeout issues, and ability to configure large software projects. Both APIREPBENCH and APIARTY have been made publicly available for other researchers to evaluate the capabilities of repair tools on detecting and fixing API misuses

Karakteristik Virgin Coconut Oil (Vco) Yang Di Panen Pada Berbagai Ketinggian Tempat Tumbuh

Coconut (Cocos nucifera. L) is a plant that is very useful in the life of the rural economy. Because all parts of the coconut tree could be utilized to meet human needs. One part of the coconut that has many benefits is the coconut meat in the capture milk to be made in pure coconut oil. Aim of this study was to determine the characteristics (yield, degree of clarity and composition of fatty acids) in the VCO coconut harvested at various heights a place to grow. This research was conducted in the territory high level 0-50, 100-150 and 200-250 m above sea level in the district of Parigi Moutong In the Laboratory of Agricultural Technology Faculty of Agriculture, University Tadulako. Implementation of the study began in December 2015 - March 2016. The study design was used way completely randomized design (CRD) with the treatment of the harvested fruit in 3 grades altitude growing ie 1 = 0-50 meters above sea level, 2 = 100-150 meters asl, 3 = 200-250 meters above sea level. Each treatment was repeated five times. The research were showed altitude 0-50 m above sea level provide the highest daily temperatures were significantly different from the temperature elevation 100-150 and 200-250 m above sea level

A New Approach to Distribute MOEA Pareto Front Computation

Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) offer compelling solutions to many real world problems, including software engineering ones. However, their efficiency decreases with the growing size of the problems at hand, hindering their applicability in practice. In this paper we propose a novel master-worker approach to distribute the computation of the Pareto Front (PF) for MOEAs (dubbed MOEA-DPF) and empirically evaluate it on a real-world software project management problem. With respect to previous work, our proposal can be used with any MOEA to tackle multiobjective problems regardless of their formulation/representation. Our results show that MOEA-DPF runs significantly faster (up to 3.1x speed-up using two workers) than its sequential counterpart while maintaining (and even improving) the quality of the PF. We conclude that MOEA-DPF provides an effective and simple solution to speed-up the execution of MOEAs by distributing the PF computation, making them effective for real-world problems

Simetri dalam Tir & Lir Karya Marie Redonnet

The purpose of this research is to know the symmetry extension that can be observed in the use of the domain literature (a piece theater). This study was analyzed using structuralism approach (the intrinsic elements of theater and the technical presentation story within a story – “frame story”). Furthermore, the interpretation of the image of the French family (intergenerational today) and the interpretation of the words, actions, setting and other is then adapted to the symmetry model. Finally, the idea of symmetry that explain their influence the presentation of the literary work. The results of the research is to know that the symmetry is used to advance the things aligned, balanced and orderly, so that the work is in accordance with the concept of the primordial beauty of the west. As something that is wrapped by the beauty will interest faster for people to know more about what is contained in it

Perspectivas para o uso de fungos entomopatogênicos no controle microbiano das pragas do coqueiro.

O controle de insetos-pragas por meio de agentes biológicos como os fungos entomopatogênicos e uma opção desejável para evitar aplicações químicas e aumentar a proteção ambiental.bitstream/item/68752/1/CPATC-CIR.-TEC.-26-01.pd

Synthesis of 5-substituted 7,9-dihydro-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-h][2,3]benzodiazepin-8-ones as anticonvulsant agents

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Using tabu search to configure support vector regression for effort estimation

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Biomimetic Sonar for Electrical Activation of the Auditory Pathway

Relying on the mechanism of bat’s echolocation system, a bioinspired electronic device has been developed to investigate the cortical activity of mammals in response to auditory sensorial stimuli. By means of implanted electrodes, acoustical information about the external environment generated by a biomimetic system and converted in electrical signals was delivered to anatomically selected structures of the auditory pathway. Electrocorticographic recordings showed that cerebral activity response is highly dependent on the information carried out by ultrasounds and is frequency-locked with the signal repetition rate. Frequency analysis reveals that delta and beta rhythm content increases, suggesting that sensorial information is successfully transferred and integrated. In addition, principal component analysis highlights how all the stimuli generate patterns of neural activity which can be clearly classified. The results show that brain response is modulated by echo signal features suggesting that spatial information sent by biomimetic sonar is efficiently interpreted and encoded by the auditory system. Consequently, these results give new perspective in artificial environmental perception, which could be used for developing new techniques useful in treating pathological conditions or influencing our perception of the surroundings