Artemisinin Content in Artemisia scoparia

Artemisinin is considered as the natural, active and potent antimalarial drug Artemisia annua Linn. is the only known source for the production of artemisinin reported till date. An attempt was made on a perennial faintly odoratus herb, A. scoparia Waldst et Kit. to find out an alternative of A. annua for the production of  artemisinin. Generation of hairy roots was also tried wih an attempt to increase the concentration of artemisinin in the biofactories. In the present investigation A. scoparia was shown to contain artemisini

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM Sesamum indicum

Natural  substances  have  long  served  as  sources  of therapeutic  drugs.  Many  substances  have  been  derived  from traditional medicines. The plants are rich in secondary metabolites. The medicinal properties of these plants have been attributed to the biochemicals present in the plant materials. In addition to their role in  human  and  animal  nutrition,  knowledge  of  micronutrients  and phytochemical  composition  is  fundamental  to  the  understanding  of modes and mechanisms of action of medicinal plants in general. In the  present  investigation,  quercetin  and  kaempferol  have  been isolated  and  identified  from  stem,  leaves  and  unorganized  cultures of  Sesamum  indicum  and  maintained  by  frequent  subculturings  on Murashige  and  Skoog’s  medium  (1962)  supplemented  with NAA+BAP(5.0+0.5mg/L).  The study showed that maximum content of quercetin and kaempferol was observed in 6 weeks old calli and minimum  in  stem  of  S.  indicum.  The  structure  of  the  isolated compound  was  established  on  the  basis  of  physical,  chemical  test and spectroscopic evidences.Key words: Flavonoids,  quercetin,  kaempferol, Sesamum indicu

In vivo and In vitro Estimation of Colchicine in Gloriosa superba L. by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography

The presence of Colchicine in Gloriosa superba was confirmed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in which a spot coinciding with the authentic sample of Cochicine in Rf value (Colchicine 0.70) appeared. The maximum amount of Colchicine was found in flower (20.7 mg/gdw) and minimum amount was found in stem (7.4 mg/gdw).The In vitro studies showed the maximum amount of Colchicine in 6 week old cultures (22.6 mg/gdw)) and minimum amount in 2 weeks old cultures (15.3 mg/gdw). Key words: Colchicine, Gloriosa superba, HPLC Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur -302004 * Corresponding Author, Email: [email protected]; Tel: +91-141-2701875, +91-9828070584 Please Cite This Article As:Renu Sarin, Anirudha Rishi and Ajit Kumar. 2010. In vivo and In vitro Estimation of Colchicine in Gloriosa superba L. by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. J. Exp. Sci. 1(4):1-2.Â

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM CYPERUS ROTUNDUS LINN. IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

Cyperus rotundus (Linn.) is an important medicinal plant belonging to family Cyperaceae. Four Flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, catechin and myricetin were isolated from in vivo (leaf  and root) and in vitro callus of this species. These compounds are extensively used in Ayurvedic preparation of medicines and are highly in demand in pharmaceutical industries. The present study therefore was undertaken to determine and compare the production of these flavonoids from in vitro callus culture and in vivo plant parts of C. rotundus. Quantification data revealed that the total flavonoid content (free + bound) was higher in tissue culture than in plant parts. The maximum amount of total flavonoid was found in six weeks old callus tissue (1.96mg/g.d.w) and minimum (0.28mg/g.d.w) in two week old callus tissue. In vivo studies showed higher flavonoids content in leaf in free form (0.58mg/g.d.w.) and bound form (0.48mg/g.d.w.) when compared to root in free form (0.19mg/g.d.w) and bound form (0.11mg/g.d.w). Keywords: Cyperus rotundus, Callus culture, Flavonoid

Enhancement of Opium Alkaloids Production in Callus Culture of <i>Papaver rhoeas </i>Linn.

271-272Callus culture of Papaver rhoeas Linn. established on revised tobacco medium showed presence of three opium alkaloids namely morphine, thebaine and narcotine. The colour of the tissue varied from light grey, dark grey and finally black depending on the age of the tissue. The high yielding cell lines of dark grey color were isolated and maintained as suspension culture on revised Murashige and Skoog's (1962) medium. These high yielding tissues were fed with different concentrations (12.5, 25, SOand 100 mg/100 011) of tyrosine, a known precursor of opium alkaloids in order to further increase the alkaloid content of the tissue. The dark grey tissues grown on RT liquid medium supplemented with 12. 5 mg/100 011 tyrosine yielded maximum percentage of alkaloids and therefore this concentration of tyrosine is considered as the most suitable condition for the enhancement of alkaloids in Papaver rhoeas tissue culture

Artemisia scoparia – A new source of artemisinin

Artemisinin is considered as the most active and potent antimalarial drug. Till date Artemisia annua Linn. plant is the only source for its production The present investigation was carried out with an objective to search a new plant for artemisinin. An attempt was made on a perennial faintly odoratus herb, Artemisia scoparia Waldst et Kit. to find out an alternative of A. annua for the production of artemisinin. The yield of artemisinin was higher in aerial plant parts (0.015%) in comparison to callus culture (0.001%). The present study concluded that Artemisia scoparia contains an antimalarial drug artemisinin

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM Sesamum indicum

Natural substances have long served as sources of therapeutic drugs. Many substances have been derived from traditional medicines. The plants are rich in secondary metabolites. The medicinal properties of these plants have been attributed to the biochemicals present in the plant materials. In addition to their role in human and animal nutrition, knowledge of micronutrients and phytochemical composition is fundamental to the understanding of modes and mechanisms of action of medicinal plants in general. In the present investigation, quercetin and kaempferol have been isolated and identified from stem, leaves and unorganized cultures of Sesamum indicum and maintained by frequent subculturings on Murashige and Skoog\u27s medium (1962) supplemented with NAA+BAP (5.0+0.5mg/L). The study showed that maximum content of quercetin and kaempferol was observed in 6 weeks old calli and minimum in stem of S. indicum. The structure of the isolated compound was establishetl on the basis of physical, chemical test and spectroscopic evidences

Antimicrobial efficacy of <i>Murraya koenigii</i> (Linn.) Spreng. root extracts

48-51In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of root extracts of Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. was assessed by disc diffusion method against four bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi) and three fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum). Minimum inhibitory concentration was also determined. The most susceptible bacterial and fungal strains were S. aureus and T. rubrum, respectively. The root extracts in organic solvents (hexane, methanol and chloroform) showed good antimicrobial activity. However, aqueous extracts could not exhibit any activity. Results of the present investigation indicate that root of M. koenigii possess antimicrobial properties and hence can be exploited for future natural plant based antimicrobial agents