Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of Glipizide (Anti diabetic drug) Liposphere

Objective- The aim of the present study was to formulate and in- vitro study of glipizide liposphere by using melt dispersion technique. Methods- Glipizide Liposphere system composed of paraffin wax, Stearic acid as lipid phase and sodium lauryl sulphate as surfactant. Glipizide lipospheres were prepared by using melt dispersion technique. Formulation of Glipizide was evaluated such as organoleptic properties, particle size, drug content, entrapment efficiency in-vitro study and stability of the lipospheres. Result- The formation of glipizide lipospheres by using melt dispersion technique was done successfully. All the formulations have off- white in colour, characteristic odour and spherical shape. The formulation A4 has particle size 19.65 μm, drug content 84.93 %, entrapment efficiency 80.75 % and the percentage drug release was carried out by using USP type 2 dissolution apparatus in 6.8 pH phosphate buffer solution and drug release of glipizide lipospheres within 12 hrs was found to be 74.06 %.stability study of glipizide lipospheres revealed that the formulation was stable at 5oC ± 3oC. Keywords- Lipospheres, Glipizide, Paraffin wax, Melt dispersion method, Dissolution Apparatus, Stability stud

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE 2-METHYL BENZIMIDAZOLE

2-methyl benzimidazole is a heterocyclic organic compound having an important pharmacophoric group which is used in medicinal industry. o- Phenyldiamine was treated with acid in the presence of polyphosphoric acid and other solvents. The presence of specific group was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. The obtaining compound was screened by the antioxidant activity by using the DPPH method. Key words- 2- methyl benzimidazole, o- phenyldiamine, antioxidant activity, DPPH method

Pictorial essay: Susceptibility-weighted imaging in cerebral ischemia

The susceptiblity effect in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been recognized for long and often has been considered undesirable, producing unnecessary noise. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) aims at exploiting this effect to provide a different type of contrast that is suited for vascular imaging. We describe five different cases in which SWI was found useful to delineate the underlying ischemia or to arrive at the corect diagnosis

Comparative Therapeutic Efficacy of 153Sm-EDTMP and 177Lu-EDTMP for Bone Pain Palliation in Patients with Skeletal Metastases: Patients’ Pain Score Analysis and Personalized Dosimetry

IntroductionThe aim of the present study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of 153Sm-EDTMP and 177Lu-EDTMP in pain palliation in cancer patients with skeletal metastases.Materials and methodsThirty patients (25 M:5 F, mean age: 66.0 ± 14.7 years) of breast/prostate cancer with documented skeletal metastases were recruited prospectively. Twenty patients were considered randomly for treatment with 153Sm-EDTMP and with 177Lu-EDTMP in 10 patients, respectively. Using fixed dose of 37.0 MBq/kg body weight of each, the mean administered doses of 153Sm-EDTMP and 177Lu-EDTMP were 2,155.2 ± 419.6 MBq (1,347–2,857) and 1,935.1 ± 559.4 MBq (1,073–2,627), respectively. Anterior and posterior whole body images were acquired at different time points following radioactivity administration. The first data set of pre-void images (acquired at 0.5 h) representing the total activity of either of 153Sm-EDTMP or 177Lu-EDTMP was considered as reference images. All the serial images were used for patients’ dosimetry analysis by using organ level internal dosimetry assessment algorithm. Reduction in pain scoring was assessed clinically over 8 weeks by using appropriate WHO criteria and correlated with the absorbed dose to the metastatic sites.ResultsA total of 86 metastatic lesions clearly visualized on post-therapy serial images (matching on bone scans) were evaluated for absorbed dose calculations. Both 153Sm-EDTMP and 177Lu-EDTMP delivered similar absorbed dose to the metastatic sites, i.e., 6.22 ± 4.21 and 6.92 ± 3.92 mSv/MBq, respectively. The mean absorbed doses to various other organs were found to be comparable and within the safe limits. A complete response (CR) for each radionuclide was evaluated as 80.0%. No significant alternation in blood parameters and no untoward reaction were observed. However, a mild to severe toxicity was observed in two patients (1 each with 153Sm-EDTMP and 177Lu-EDTMP). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that 27/30 patients had pain-free survival (CR) up to the observational period of 8 weeks. However, no statistically significant correlation could be established between the pain scoring and absorbed dose to metastatic sites.ConclusionBoth the radionuclides thus offer an effective and comparable therapeutic efficacy for bone pain palliation at an affordable cost and can be used interchangeably as per the availability

Sites of PARTAKE survey administration in NCR (National Capital Region: New Delhi and Gurgaon).

<p>Sites of PARTAKE survey administration in NCR (National Capital Region: New Delhi and Gurgaon).</p