Fernanda Beigel (ed.): The Politics of Academic Autonomy in Latin America

Book Review of: Fernanda Beigel (ed.) The Politics of Academic Autonomy in Latin AmericaFarnham: Ashgate 2013Hardcover, 290 pp.ISBN 9781409431862Price: € 12

L’impact du capital social sur le processus de rapatriement des réfugiés palestiniens

Cet article cherche à identifier les modèles de retour et de transnationalité. Il met en relief les liens de parenté sociale et économique entre les Palestiniens à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur des Territoires Palestiniens, ainsi que le mode d'entreprenariat qui s'y développe. À la différence d'autres études qui portent sur l'absorption de réfugiés, centrées uniquement sur la contribution de l'État et de la communauté internationale pour faciliter le retour, nous nous intéressons à l'examen du capital social, qui peut encourager le retour ou l'adaptation au nouvel environnement. Ce texte sera centré sur les facteurs objectifs qui influencent la décision du retour, tels que les réseaux sociaux et économiques de la parenté, l'entreprenariat et la culture migratoire, et non sur les attitudes fondées sur les émotions, qui expriment la position politique du sujet mais pas nécessairement son intention concernant le retour. Quel type de retour aura lieu ? Quel sera le profil des rapatriés ? Y aura-t-il des masses de réfugiés qui se précipiteront en même temps, ou plutôt des filets de groupes fragmentés ? Quelle sera la motivation du retour : le nationalisme et le désir de stabiliser l'identité (ou les identités) après l'expérience de l'exil, ou plutôt quelque chose qui les dépasse ? Dans le cas où Israël accepte le principe du droit au retour, ce dernier sera-t-il volontaire ou forcé ? Qu'est-ce qui constitue, au fait, le retour " dans la sécurité et la dignité " ? Les réfugiés devraient-ils être obligés de revenir s'ils ne peuvent pas retourner dans leurs localités d'origine, mais ailleurs dans le pays ? Voilà plusieurs questions auxquelles cette étude vise à répondre.The impact of Social Capital on the Eventual Repatriation Process of Refugees. Preliminary Study of Economic and Social Transnational Kinship Networks in Palestine/Israel. ––This article identifies patterns of return and transnationalism that may already be observed. The analysis highlights the role of kinship networks and economic ties linking Palestinians inside and outside the Palestinian territories. Unlike other studies on the absorption of refugees, which focus only on the contribution of the state and the international community in facilitating the return, I am more interested examining sociological factors that can encourage return and/or adaptation to the new economic environment. Therefore, I focus on the objective factors that influence the decision for return migration, such as economic and social kinship networks, entrepreneurship and migration culture, as opposed to emotionally-based attitudes, which express the subject's political position but not necessarily their actual intention to return. What pattern of return will take place and what will be the profile of the returnees? Will there be a mass of refugees rushing in simultaneously or a trickle of fragmented groups? What is the motivation for return: pure nationalism and the desire to stabilize identity(ies) after the experience of exile, or something extending beyond that? If Israel accepts the principle of the right of return, would return be voluntary or coerced? What constitutes return 'in safety and dignity'? Should refugees be required to return if they cannot go back to their areas of origin, but must settle in another part of the country? These are some of the questions that this chapter attempts to address.El impacto del capital social en el proceso de la repatriación de los refugiados. Un estudio preliminar de las redes económicas y sociales de parentesco en Palestina e Israel. –– Este artículo trata de identificar los modelos de retorno y de transnacionalidad. Son subrayados los lazos de parentesco social y económico entre los palestinos del interior y del exterior de los Territorios Palestinos, así como el modo empresarial que dichos lazos desarrollan. Al contrario de otros estudios relativos a la absorción de los refugiados, únicamente centrados en la contribución del Estado y de la comunidad internacional para facilitar su retorno, este artículo examina el capital social que puede animar a la vuelta o bien a la adaptación al nuevo ambiente. Este texto se centra en los factores objetivos que influencian la decisión del retorno tales como las redes sociales y económicas del parentesco o la empresa y la cultura migratoria. Este estudio descarta pues las actitudes de tipo emocional que expresan la posición política del sujeto mas no necesariamente su intención de volver. ¿Qué tipo de retorno tendrá lugar? ¿Cuál será el perfil de los repatriados? ¿Habrá masas de refugiados que se precipitarán al unísono o más bien una corriente de grupos fragmentados? ¿Cuál será la motivación del retorno: el nacionalismo y el deseo de estabilizar la identidad (o las identidades) tras la experiencia del exilio, o algo que les supera? En caso de que Israel acepte el principio del derecho al retorno, ¿será éste voluntario o forzoso? ¿Qué es lo que constituye, de hecho, el regreso "seguro y digno"? ¿Deben ser obligados los refugiados a volver si no pueden hacerlo a sus localidades de origen? Estas son algunas de las cuestiones a las que este estudio pretende responder

DETECTING OF PROBABILITY OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD USING FRAUD HEXAGON MODEL: Evidence from Indonesian Public Companies

Many of Indonesian public companies had proven guilty that have committed financial statement fraud.The purpose of this research is for detecting financial statement fraud using fraud hexagon model consists of pressure, opportunity, rationalization, ccompetence, arrogance & collusion variabels. The sample in this reaserch specifically chose companies that were proven to have committed financial statement fraud and used logistical regression estimation technique assisted by STATA 14.The results of this reaserch shows that pressure proxied by financial stability, rationalization proxied by total accruals and collusion proxied by state owned enterprises (SOEs) have positive effect significantly on probability of financal statement fraud. Consequently, change of receivables, change of directors, CEO education, CEO narcissism, managerial ownership and CEO duality have negative effect on probability of financial statement fraud. meanwhile, external pressure, financial target, ineffective monitoring and auditor switching have no efffect on probability of financial statement fraud. The fraud hexagon model  can be used for financial statement fraud detection because the results support the collusion variable proxied by state owned enterprises (SOEs) which indicates that regulation, supervision and punishment are still weak for parties proven to have committed financial statement fraud

La mise en cause conjoncturelle de l'Occident dans les discours des ingénieurs syriens et égyptiens

La deuxième moitié du XXe siècle est marquée partout dans le monde par des brassages culturels et technologiques démontrant que l'adage de Kipling – « l'Orient, c'est l'orient ; l'Occident, c'est l'Occident. Et jamais les jumeaux ne se rencontreront » –, s'avère faux. Dans ce contexte, la problématique de l'image de l'Occident chez les Arabes incorpore autant d'interrogations sur le moi que sur l'autre : l'identité, l'histoire, la culture, la politique, la religion, sont précisément définies ..

Pós-colonialismo versus pós-autoritarismo:: o mundo árabe e a América Latina em uma perspectiva comparativa

In this article, the author challenges a current trend of blaming Arab intellectuals for the failure to accompany the Arab uprisings and guide their publics and their social movements. The author challenges this tendency and argues that there has been intense debate on the subject in academia and the mass media, and indicates that what occurred was, in fact, the failure of the schools of thought of post-colonial and anti-imperialist leftist scholars. He consequently shows how the intersection between the social sciences and post-colonial studies is not without friction, especially when trying to project such studies on the Arab context. He suggests that the post-colonial trend should be complemented by a post-authoritarian approach, which could serve both the Arab and Latin American worlds.Neste artigo, o autor desafia uma corrente tendência de culpabilização dos intelectuais árabes por não acompanharem os levantes populares árabes, orientando seus públicos e movimentos sociais. Em direção contrária, o autor apresenta o intenso debate ocorrido sobre o tema na academia e nas mídias de massa, indicando que o que houve foi na verdade o fracasso das escolas de pensamento de acadêmicos da esquerda pós-colonial e anti-imperialista. Apresenta, em consequência, como a interseção entre as ciências sociais e os estudos pós-coloniais não se dá sem problemas, principalmente quando se tenta projetar tais estudos sobre o contexto árabe. Sugere então que a abordagem pós-colonial deveria ser complementada por uma abordagem pós-autoritária, que poderia servir tanto ao mundo árabe quanto à América Latina. Tradução: Diogo Saraiva e Solange Miguel Marcondes Armand

Mohamed Kamel DORAÏ, Les réfugiés palestiniens du Liban : une géographie de l’exil

« Ce n’est pas en termes de pertes militaires, de pertes économiques […] que l’on peut estimer de la manière la plus réaliste quel a été le prix à payer par les peuples du Proche-Orient pour les événements de l’année dernière, mais en termes de changements politiques dont le plus marquant a été la création d’une nouvelle catégorie d’apatrides, les réfugiés arabes. » C’est par cette citation de Hannah Arendt qui date de 1948 que Mohamed Kamel Doraï commence son livre pour souligner l’étendue e..

Hubungan breastfeeding self-efficacy dengan motivasi dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif ibu hamil trimester 3 di Puskesmas Umbulharjo Yogyakarta

Latar belakang: ASI merupakan sumber kehidupan bagi sang bayi pada periode extro-gestate atau pasca kelahiran. ASI eksklusif adalah pemberian air susu ibu untuk bayi di usia 0-6 bulan. Indonesia memiliki cakupan ASI ekslusif sebanyak 41,5% dan Yogyakarta memiliki presentase sebesar 71,6%. Kota Yogyakarta adalah cakupan ASI eksklusif terendah di D.I. Yogyakarta. Salah satu faktor keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah breastfeeding self efficacy dan motivasi. Breastfeeding self efficacy dan motivasi dapat terjadi pada ibu hamil trimester 3. Ketika Breastfeeding self efficacy dan motivasi tidak baik pada ibu hamil trimester 3 maka akan beresiko ibu tidak akan memberikan ASI eksklusif. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara breastfeeding self efficacy dengan motivasi dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif ibu trimester 3 di Puskesmas Umbulharjo I Kota Yogyakarta. Metode: Rancangan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasi dengan cross sectional. Responden dalam penelitian sebanyak 58 responden dengan teknik accidental sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan analisis data Kendall’s Tau. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signfikan antara breastfeeding self efficacy dengan motivasi dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif ibu trimester 3 di Puskesmas Umbulharjo I kota Yogyakarta, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi Kendall,s Tau 0,439 dan p value sebesar 0,001 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: Semakin baik breasfeeding self efficacy ibu hamil trimester 3 maka akan semakin baik pula motivasi dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif ibu hamil trimester 3 dan begitu juga sebaliknya

Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Breasfeeding Self Efficacy (BSE) Dalam Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester 3

AbstrakLatar belakang: Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) merupakan cara yang paling efektif untuk memastikan kesehatan dan keselamatan anak. ASI memiliki manfaat nutrisional dan non nutrisional baik untuk kesehatan anak dan Ibu. WHO merekomendasikan ASI eksklusif sampai usia 6 bulan  dilanjutkan sampai 2 tahun. Data WHO menyatakan pemberian ASI eksklusif di ASI tenggara seperti Myanmar mencapai 23,6%, Kamboja 65,2% Indonesia 41,5% jumlah penurunan pemberian ASI eksklusif tidak hanya terjadi di negara maju namun juga terjadi di negara berkembang seperti di Indonesia. Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy merupakan faktor yang paling kuat yang dapat mempengaruhi proses menyusui dan keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif.Tujuan: Mengetahui Faktor yang mempengaruhi Breasfeending  Self Efficacy (BSE) dalam Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester 3.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik non eksperimental, rancangan cross sectional. Jumlah responden sebanyak 58 responden dengan teknik accidental sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis penelitian dengan uji Kendall,s Tau dan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Hasil statistic menunjukkan bahwa factor yang berhubungan dengan  Breasfeending  Self Efficacy (BSE) adalah motivasi ibu, dukungan suami dan dukungan petugas kesehatan.Kesimpulan: Adanya hubungan antara motivasi ibu, dukungan suami dan dukungan petugas kesehatan dalam breasfeeding Self Efficacy (BSE). Pelajaran ini memberikan bukti bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi breasfeeding Self Efficacy (BSE) adalah dibutuhkannya motivasi dari ibu, dukungan suami dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan. Breasfeeding Self Efficacy (BSE) merupakan factor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap proses menyusui dan tercapainya keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif dikemudian hari. AbstractBackground: The provision of breast milk is the most effective way to ensure children's health and safety. ASI has nutritional and non-nutritional benefits both for the health of children and mothers. WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding until the age of 6 months is continued for up to 2 years. WHO data states that exclusive breastfeeding in southeast ASI such as Myanmar reaches 23.6%, Cambodia 65.2% Indonesia 41.5%, the decrease in exclusive breastfeeding does not only occur in developed countries but also occurs in developing countries such as Indonesia. Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy is the most powerful factor that can affect the breastfeeding process and the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Objective: To find out the factors that influence Breasfeending Self Efficacy (BSE) in giving exclusive breastfeeding to trimester 3 pregnant women.Method: This study is a non-experimental analytic descriptive study, cross sectional design. The number of respondents is 58 respondents with accidental sampling technique. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire. Research analysis with Kendall test, s Tau and Chi-Square test.Results: Statistical results show that the factors associated with Breasfeending Self Efficacy (BSE) are mother's motivation, husband's support and support from health workers.Conclusion: There is a relationship between maternal motivation, husband's support and support of health workers in breedingfeeding Self Efficacy (BSE). This lesson provides evidence that the factors that affect Self-efficacy breeding (BSE) are the need for motivation from the mother, husband's support and support from health workers. Breasfeeding Self Efficacy (BSE) is the most influential factor in the breastfeeding process and the achievement of the success of exclusive breastfeeding in the future