VITAMIN D AND SEROTONIN’S ROLE IN NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

Abstract Vitamin D is known to play an active role in the development of nerve cells, as well as regulating the expression of one of the important genes in serotonin metabolism, namely THP2. Vitamin D and serotonin play an important role in the development of various neuropsychiatric diseases, Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. Method: An article review was carried out by tracing various scientific literature relating to theories regarding the relationship of vitamin D and Serotonin, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders related to metabolic disorders and the production of vitamin D and serotonin. Results: The biological activity of vitamin D is mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The bonding complex between VDR and VDRE in the promoter of a gene will initiate the transcription process, one of which is TPH2, which plays an active role in the synthesis of brain serotonin. Serotonin has an important role as a neurotransmitter, hormone and morphogen for the brain. This neurotransmitter have important functions in the brain in controlling appetite, energy expenditure, sleep, body temperature, mood, and social cognition. Conclusion: Vitamin D plays an active role in the transcription of TPH2, which plays an active role in the synthesis of brain serotonin. Vitamin D facilitate tryptophan metabolism by increasing TPH2 to synthesize serotonin. Disruption of vitamin D levels will change serotonin levels and function in the brain, resulting in impaired behavior and executive brain function. Keyword: Vitamin D, Serotonin, Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorde

Influence of Community Knowledge and Attitude with Dengue Fever Prevention Behavior (DHF) in the Padang Cermin Health Center Working Area

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a type of acute febrile illness caused by one of the four serotypes of the virus again with the genus Flavivirus known as the dengue virus which is characterized by bleeding fever 2 to 7 days without clear cause weakness, lethargy, anxiety, heartburn accompanied by signs of bleeding in the skin in the form of bleeding spots. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of community knowledge and attitudes on dengue prevention behavior in the working area of the padang cermin health center.This type of research uses quantitative research with a cross sectional approach.The study population was the head of the family in the health center working area with a sample of 145 families selected by purposive sampling using a questionnaire. The results showed that there was an influence of knowledge obtained a value of knowledge (r=0.604; P Value 0.001 <0.05) attitude (r=0.732; P value 0.001 <0.05) with dengue prevention behavior. The results of hypothesis testing are that there is a positive relationship between knowledge and attitude with dengue prevention behavior. Suggestions from researchers, namely, the need to increase public knowledge by the Puskesmas through socialization and education activities to prevent dengue hemorrhagic fever routinely once a month, promotion to the community can be done with social media such as WhatsApp, Instagram and Facebook so that information can reach the community more quickly

PENGARUH DIABETES SELF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION MELALUI MEDIA BUKU PINTAR TERHADAP KOMITMEN PERAWATAN DIRI PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II

Diabetes melitus tipe II merupakan penyakit menahun yang akan diderita seumur hidup dan tidak bisa disembuhkan akan tetapi bisa dikontrol agar tidak terjadi komplikasi. Diperlukan komitmen bagi penderita diabetes melitus untuk bisa mengontrol dan juga melakukan perawatan diri yang baik terhadap diabetes melitus yang dialaminya. Salah satu strategi yang dapat dilakukan dalam memengaruhi komitmen penderita diabetes melitus yaitu melalui edukasi. Salah satu bentuk edukasi yang dapat diberikan pada klien dengan DM tipe II adalah diabetes self management education (DSME) melalui media buku pintar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh diabetes self management education melalui media buku pintar terhadap komitmen perawatan diri penderita diabetes melitus tipe II. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasy experiment dengan desain penelitian pre test-post test with control group. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sebanyak 30 sampel yang dilaksanakan pada Juli-Agustus 2020. Hasil uji analisis menggunakan paired ttest dengan tingkat signifikansi α=0,05, didapatkan bahwa p value = 0,000 yang artinya terdapat pengaruh diabetes self management education melalui buku pintar terhadap komitmen perawatan diri penderita diabetes melitus tipe II. Intervensi DSME melalui buku pintar dapat meningkatkan komitmen peawatan diri pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe II, sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai metode edukasi penderita diabetes melitus tipe II serta perlu penggunaan media yang lebih kreatif dan menarik menggunakan media berbentuk visual dikombinasikan dengan audio yang dibentuk dalam sebuah buku.Kata kunci: Komitmen, Diabetes Self Management Education, buku pintar, diabetes melitu

Pengembangan Soal Matematika Model PISA Untuk Mengetahui Argumentasi Siswa di Sekolah Menengah Pertama

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Menghasilkan soal matematika model PISA untuk mengetahui argumentasi siswa di sekolah menengah pertama yang valid dan praktis. (2) Mengetahui efek potensial soal matematika model PISA terhadap argumentasi siswa di sekolah menengah pertama. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada semester genap tahun akademik 2011/2012. Subjek penelitian siswa SMP N 45 Palembang kelas IX.2 berjumlah 35 orang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah  development research. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan (1) Telah dihasilkan prototipe perangkat soal matematika model PISA untuk mengetahui argumentasi siswa sebanyak 12 butir soal yang berbentuk uraian non objektif (open construct respose). (2) Prototipe perangkat soal matematika model PISA untuk mengetahui argumentasi siswa yang dihasilkan memiliki efek potensial terhadap argumentasi siswa. Kata kunci: Development Research, Soal-soal PISA, Argumentasi siswa DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jpm.9.2.2429.124 - 14

Use of Moringa Leaves to Meet Toddler Nutrition in The Prevention of Stunting

In 2017, 43.2% of children under five in Indonesia had an energy deficit and 28.5% had a mild deficit. For protein adequacy, 31.9% of toddlers experienced a protein deficit and 14.5% experienced a mild deficit. The high prevalence of stunting is a priority that must be resolved with local food sources that are abundant and high in nutritional content, namely moringa leaves. Moringa leaves have high nutritional content and are easily available in the surrounding environment, but are still very diverse in their utilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the utilization of moringa leaves by mothers of toddlers in preventing stunting in Sumber Rejo Village. This study is a quantitative study with a Cross Sectional design with a population and sample size of 120 respondents with total sampling technique and univariate and bivariate analysis tests using Chi Square. Respondents who had insufficient knowledge were 13.3%, respondents who had a negative attitude were 43.3%, respondents who did not have moringa availability were 23.3% and respondents who had a moringa consumption pattern were 11.7% and respondents who did not utilize moringa leaves were 40%. There is a relationship between knowledge (p-value 0.039), attitude (p-value 0.000), moringa availability (p-value 0.034) and moringa consumption patterns (p-value 0.000) with the utilization of moringa by mothers of toddlers in preventing stunting in Sumber Rejo Village. It is hoped that health workers will conduct education or counseling for mothers of toddlers to increase the knowledge of mothers of toddlers about the use of moringa and it is hoped that mothers will improve moringa consumption patterns for toddlers and families with various variations of moringa preparations in order to increase the utilization of moringa as food intake for stunting prevention

MODEL BELAJAR GERAK DASAR LOKOMOTOR UNTUK ANAK USIA 7-9 TAHUN SEKOLAH DASAR

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan model belajar gerak dasar lokomotor anak usia 7-9 tahun sekolah, dengan hasil prodak buku model belajar gerak dasar lokomotor yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran gerak dasar lokomotor anak usia 7-9 tahun sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa penelitian pengembangan diadopsi dengan desain penelitian pengembangan model ADDIE. Tempat pelaksanaan penelitian di SDN kecamatan Adiwerna yaitu SDN Adiwerna 06 untuk ujicoba instrument sebanyak 31 orang, Uji efektivitas model di SDN Pagedangan 02, SDN Ujungrusi 04 dan SDN Pagiyanten 01 yang berjumlah 57 orang. Pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner. Tahapan pengumpulan data terdiri dari lima tahap dimulai dari Analysis, Desain, Development, Implementation dan Evaluating. Uji efektifitas dan normalitas menggunakan metode statistik. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa dari hasil evaluasi ahli gerak, ahli permainan, dan ahli pembelajaran penjas diperoleh secara keseluruhan produk ini memenuhi kriteria layak sehingga dapat digunakan dalam tahap penelitian selanjutnya. Pada uji normalitas liliefors X (Pretest) diperoleh Lo sebesar 0,130 < 0,224 dan nilai Y (Postest) diperoleh nilai Lo sebesar 0,198 < 0,224. Sehingga dengan demikian semua data berkontribusi normal. Hasil efektifitas dan uji t model belajar gerak dasar lokomotor anak usia 7-9 tahun sekolah dasar sebesar 14,989 lebih besar dari t tabel yaitu 0,356, dengan rerata pretest 61,60 sedangkan rerata posttest 77,49 sehingga dapat disimpulkan terlihat dan terbukti bahwa model belajar gerak dasar lokomotor anak usia 7-9 tahun sekolah dasar ini efektif untuk dapat meningkatkan keterampilan gerak dasar lokomotor anak usia 7-9 tahun sekolah dasar. ********* The purpose of this study was to produce a basic locomotor learning model for children aged 7-9 years in school, a book of basic locomotor learning model can be used in basic locomotor learning model for children aged 7-9 in elementary school. The method used in this research is development research adopted by the ADDIE model development research design. The research locations were at SDN Adiwerna sub-district, SDN Adiwerna 06 for instrument testing with 31 people. The effectiveness model SDN Pagedangan 02, SDN Ujungrusi 04 and SDN Pagiyanten 01, totaling 57 people. Collecting data in the form of observations, interviews and questionnaires. The stages of data collection which consist of five stages starting from Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluating. Test the effectiveness and normality using statistical methods. The results of the study proved that from the evaluation results of movement experts, game experts, and physical education learning experts, it was found that overall this product met the appropriate criteria so that it could be used in the next stage of research. In the Liliefors normality test X (Pretest), Lo is 0.130 < 0.224 and the value of Y (Postest) obtained Lo value 0.198 < 0,224. So that all data contribute normally. The results of the effectiveness and t-test of the basic locomotor learning model for children aged 7-9 years in elementary school is 14.989 greater than the t-table of 0,356, with a pretest mean of 61.60 and the post-test average is 77.49 so it can be concluded that it is seen and proven basic locomotor learning model for children aged 7-9 years in elementary school are effective in improving the basic locomotor skills of children aged 7-9 in elementary school

TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP MAHASISWA TERHADAP TINDAKAN BANTUAN HIDUP DASAR DI UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap bantuan hidup dasar pada mahasiswa Universitas Sriwijaya. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain deskriptif analitik dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kuota sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner secara online yang disebarkan kepada mahasiswa tingkat akhir dari sembilan fakultas di Universitas Sriwijaya. Hasil: Sebanyak 418 mahasiswa yang mengikuti penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa lebih dari setengah responden (59,1%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang cukup baik tentang bantuan hidup dasar dan 57,9% memiliki sikap yang cukup terhadap tindakan bantuan hidup dasar. Simpulan: Meskipun tingkat pengetahuan tentang bantuan hidup dasar cukup baik, namun perlu pemberian informasi dan edukasi mengenai bantuan hidup dasar bagi mahasiswa sebagai kelompok awam dalam penanganan korban yang membutuhkan bantuan hidup dasar di komunitas. Pelatihan mengenai bantuan hidup dasar juga diperlukan agar meningkatkan sikap dan keterampilan dalam melakukan tindakan bantuan hidup dasar. Kata kunci: bantuan hidup dasar, mahasiswa, pengetahuan, sikap