Impact of antimicrobial drug restrictions on doctors' behaviors

Background/aim: Broad-spectrum antibiotics have become available for use only with the approval of infectious disease specialists (IDSs) since 2003 in Turkey. This study aimed to analyze the tendencies of doctors who are not disease specialists (non-IDSs) towards the restriction of antibiotics.Materials and methods: A questionnaire form was prepared, which included a total of 22 questions about the impact of antibiotic restriction (AR) policy, the role of IDSs in the restriction, and the perception of this change in antibiotic consumption. The questionnaire was completed by each participating physician.Results: A total of 1906 specialists from 20 cities in Turkey participated in the study. Of those who participated, 1271 (67.5%) had 5 years of occupational experience in their branch expressed that they followed the antibiotic guidelines more strictly than the JSs (P < 0.05) and 755 of physicians (88%) and 720 of surgeons (84.6%) thought that the AR policy was necessary and useful (P < 0.05).Conclusion: This study indicated that the AR policy was supported by most of the specialists. Physicians supported this restriction policy more so than surgeons did

Visualization and Analysis of 3D Microscopic Images

In a wide range of biological studies, it is highly desirable to visualize and analyze three-dimensional (3D) microscopic images. In this primer, we first introduce several major methods for visualizing typical 3D images and related multi-scale, multi-time-point, multi-color data sets. Then, we discuss three key categories of image analysis tasks, namely segmentation, registration, and annotation. We demonstrate how to pipeline these visualization and analysis modules using examples of profiling the single-cell gene-expression of C. elegans and constructing a map of stereotyped neurite tracts in a fruit fly brain

Impact of antimicrobial drug restrictions on doctors' behaviors

Background/aim: Broad-spectrum antibiotics have become available for use only with the approval of infectious disease specialists (IDSs) since 2003 in Turkey. This study aimed to analyze the tendencies of doctors who are not disease specialists (non-IDSs) towards the restriction of antibiotics. Materials and methods: A questionnaire form was prepared, which included a total of 22 questions about the impact of antibiotic restriction (AR) policy, the role of IDSs in the restriction, and the perception of this change in antibiotic consumption. The questionnaire was completed by each participating physician. Results: A total of 1906 specialists from 20 cities in Turkey participated in the study. Of those who participated, 1271 (67.5%) had 5 years of occupational experience in their branch expressed that they followed the antibiotic guidelines more strictly than the JSs (P < 0.05) and 755 of physicians (88%) and 720 of surgeons (84.6%) thought that the AR policy was necessary and useful (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that the AR policy was supported by most of the specialists. Physicians supported this restriction policy more so than surgeons did

Ethnobotanical Features of Teucrium Species

Species of the Teucrium genus have been used in ethnopharmacology for centuries, helping to treat many pathophysiological conditions, such as diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, rheumatism, inflammations, and tuberculosis. They can also be used as a diuretic, antipyretic, tonic, diaphoretic, analgesic and antihyperlipidemic. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the traditional use of Teucrium species based on research conducted up to now in different parts of the world. With this aim, 72 ethnobotanical studies were analyzed and a total of 20 Teucrium species were identified for this analysis. Nineteen of these species are used in human ethnomedicine, 3 in veterinary ethnomedicine and 4 for other purposes. Teucrium chamaedrys, T. polium and T. montanum are mentioned in the largest number of studies and have the widest range of uses. The aerial parts of the plant are those that are most frequently used, with infusions (77.8%) and decoctions (48.6%) the most common methods of preparation. The use of Teucrium species for treating abdominal problems is mentioned in 56 of the studies and in 21 studies for treating disorders heart and blood vessels. Treating respiratory problems is referenced in 17 studies and problems in the functioning of the endocrine glands in 16 studies. The medicinal properties of Teucrium species can be ascribed to their chemical composition, specifically essential oils, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other secondary metabolites. However, the long-term use of some of the preparations can have negative side effects, such as hepatotoxicity or gradual deterioration in neuromuscular coordination